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164 Chapter V: References Ouwehand, A. C., Salminen, S., and Isolauri, E. 2002. Probiotics, an overview of beneficial effects. Parente, E. and Hill, C., 1992. Characterization of enterocin 1146, a bacteriocin from Enterococcus faecium inhibitory to Listeria monocytogenes. J. Food Prot. 55: 497–502. Park, S.H., Itoh, K. and Fujisawa, T., 2003. Characteristics and identification of enterocins produced by Enterococcus faecium JCM 5804. J. Appl. Microbiol. 95, 294– 300 Parker, R.B., 1974. Probiotics, the other half of the antibiotic story. Ani. Nutr. Heal. 29: 4–8. Paul, D. and Hoskins, L.C., 1972. Effect of oral lactobacillus counts. J. Clin. Nutr. 25: 763-765. Pediocin PA-1, a bacteriocin from Pediococcus acidilactici PAC1.O, forms hydrophilic pores in the cytoplasmic membrane of target cells. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59:3577– 3584. Pelletier, C., Bouley, C., Cayuela, C., Bouttier, S., Bourlioux, P. and BellonFontaine, M.N., 1997. Cell surface characteristics of Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei, Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63: 1725-1731. Pereira, D.I. and Gibson, G. R., 2002. Effects of coumption of probiotics and prebiotics on serum lipid levels in humans. Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 37: 259-281. Pereira, D.I., McCartney, A.L. and Gibson, G.R., 2003. An in vitro study of the probiotic potential of a bile-salt-hydrolyzing Lactobacillus fermentum strain, and determination of its cholesterol-lowering properties. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69: 4743-4752. Pool-Zobel, B.L., C. Neudecker, I. Domizlaff, S. Ji, U. Schillinger, C. Rumney, M. Moretti, I. Vilarini, Scassellati-Sforzolini, R., and Rowland, I., 1996. Lactobacillus- and
165 Chapter V: References Bifidobacterium-mediated antigenotoxicity in the colon of rats. Nutr. Cancer 26: 365- 380. Pot, B., Ludwig, W., Kersters, K. and Schleifer, K. H., 1994. Taxonomy of lactic acid bacteria: preservatives. Food Technol. 43: 164–167. Quwehand, A.C., Kirjavainen, P.V., Shortt, C. and Salminen, S. 1999. Probiotics: Mechanisms and established effects. Int. Dairy J. 9:43-52. Ramadan, M.M., Tantawy, E.A. and Shehata, M.S. 2005. Effect of gamma rays on seed germination and seedling growth of some timber trees. Annals Agric. Sci. Moshtohor. 43:869–883 Reddy, B. S. and Rivenson, A., 1993. Inhibitory effect of Bifidobacterium longum on colon, mammary, and liver carcinogenesis induced by 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5- f]quinoline, a food mutagen. Cancer Res. 53:3914-3918. Reid, G., McGroarty, J.A., Angotti, R. and Cook, R.L., 1988. Lactobacillus inhibitor production against Escherichia coli and coaggregation ability with uropathogens. Can. J. Microbiol. 34: 344-351. Reid, G., Sanders, M. E., Gaskins, H. R., Gibson, G. R., Mercenier, A., Rastall, R., Roberfroid, M., Rowland, I., Cherbut, C., and Klaenhammer, T. R. 2003. New scientifi c paradigms for probiotics and prebiotics. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 37: 105-118. Rodríguez, E., Calzada, J., Arqués, J.L., Rodríguez, J.M., Núñez, M. and Medina, M., 2005. Int. Dairy J. 15: 51-57. Rolfe, R. D., 2000. The role of probiotic cultures in the control of gastrointestinal health. J. Nutr. 130:396S–402S. Roszak, D.B. and R.R. Colwell,. 1987. Survival strategies of bacteria in the natural environment. Microbiol. Rev. 52:365-379.
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Characterization of Lactobacilli is
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their encouragement, insightful com
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5. Mukesh Kumar and Abhijit Ganguli
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2.3.2.9 Cholesterol lowering 2.3.2.
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3.12.4 Measurement of intracellular
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List of Abbreviations ABTS 2,2-azin
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LIST OF TABLES Tables Page No. Tabl
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Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
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2 Chapter I: Introduction Recent re
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4 Chapter I: Introduction Gram-posi
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6 Chapter I: Introduction food-born
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8 Chapter I: Introduction beneficia
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Chapter I1 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
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Chapter II Review of Literature nee
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13 Chapter II Review of Literature
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Fig. 2.1 Postulated mechanisms of a
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2.4.1 Mode of action 43 Chapter II
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Chapter II1 MATERIALS & METHODS
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50 Chapter III Material and methods
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3.10.5 Purification of the bacterio
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4.1 Isolation of Lactobacilli IV. R
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Chapter IV: Results Table 4.1: Morp
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77 Chapter IV: Results 4.3 Survival
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79 Chapter IV: Results Fig. 4.1 (C)
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4.6 Molecular characterization of t
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4.6.1 Sequence alignment of Lactoba
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85 Chapter IV: Results has probioti
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87 Chapter IV: Results Table 4.8 Al
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89 Chapter IV: Results Table 4.10 A
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91 Chapter IV: Results Table 4.12 A
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4.7.2 Survival of Lactobacillus str
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4.7.4 Antagonistic activity against
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97 Chapter IV: Results Table 4.17 H
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Table 4.19 Adhesion of potential pr
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Table 4.20 Coaggregation a of poten
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103 Chapter IV: Results Fig. 4.6 Ad
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105 Chapter IV: Results Table 4.21
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Table 4.23 Effect of pH and Tempara
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109 Chapter IV: Results Fig. 4.9 CL
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111 Chapter IV: Results 4.11.1 Effe
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Page 189 and 190: 169 Chapter V: References Teuber, M
Page 191 and 192: 171 Chapter V: References Yoon, Y.C
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