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For jointly controlled operations, the venturer should recognize assets that it controls and liabilities it incurs as well as its share of income earned and expenses that<br />

are incurred.<br />

For jointly controlled assets, the venturer should recognize its share of the assets and liabilities it incurs as well as income it earns and expenses that are incurred.<br />

Investment Property<br />

Property interests that are held under an operating lease may be classified as an investment property, provided the property would otherwise have met the definition<br />

of an investment property. However, mixed-use property must be separated between investment and operating property.<br />

If fair value can be measured reliably without undue cost or effort, the entity should use the fair value through profit or loss model. Otherwise, an entity must treat<br />

investment property as property, plant, and equipment (PPE).<br />

Property, Plant, and Equipment<br />

Entities must use the historical cost model only as the revaluation model is not permitted. This section will apply to most investment property (see previous section).<br />

This section applies to property held for sale as there is no special section on assets held for sale. Holding for sale is an indicator of possible impairment.<br />

Component depreciation is used only if major parts of an item of PPE have significantly different patterns of consumption of economic benefits.<br />

A review of the useful life, residual value, and depreciation rate is only required if there is a significant change in the asset or how it is used. Any adjustment is<br />

prospective.<br />

Intangible Assets other than Goodwill<br />

There is no recognition of internally generated intangible assets and therefore all research and development costs are expensed.<br />

The amortization model is used for intangibles that are purchased separately or acquired. If the entity is unable to estimate useful life, then it must use a ten-year<br />

period. A review of the useful life, residual value, and depreciation rate is required only if there is a significant change in the asset or how it is used. Revaluation of<br />

intangible assets is prohibited.<br />

Business Combinations and Goodwill<br />

This section does not apply to combinations of entities under common control and follows the principles of IFRS 3.<br />

Leases<br />

The scope includes arrangements that contain a lease [IFRIC 4] and follows the principles of IAS 17.<br />

Provisions and Contingencies<br />

Provisions are recognized only when (1) there is a present obligation as a result of a past event, (2) it is probable that the entity will be required to transfer economic<br />

benefits, and (3) the amount can be estimated reliably. Provisions are to be reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to meet the best current estimate. Entities may<br />

not accrue provisions for<br />

1. Future operating losses, no matter how probable<br />

2. A possible future restructuring plan which is not yet a legal or constructive obligation<br />

Liabilities and Equity<br />

This section gives guidance on classifying an instrument as liability or equity. An instrument is a liability if the issuer could be required to pay cash.<br />

This section covers some material not covered by full IFRS, including original issuance of shares and other equity instruments. Shares are only recognized as equity<br />

when another party is obliged to provide cash or other resources in exchange for the instruments. The instruments are measured at the fair value of cash or resources<br />

received, net of direct costs of issuing the equity instruments, unless the time value of money is significant, in which case initial measurement is at the present value<br />

amount. When shares are issued before the cash or other resources are received, the amount receivable is presented as an offset to equity in the statement of financial<br />

position and not as an asset. Any shares subscribed for which no cash is received are not recognized as equity before the shares are issued.<br />

The proceeds on issue of convertible and other compound financial instruments are split between liability component and equity component. The liability is<br />

measured at its fair value, and the residual amount is the equity component. The liability is subsequently measured using the effective interest rate, with the original<br />

issue discount amortized as added interest expense.<br />

Dividends paid in the form of distribution of assets other than cash are recognized when the entity has an obligation to distribute the noncash assets. The dividend<br />

liability is measured at the fair value of the assets to be distributed.<br />

Revenue<br />

Revenue results from the sale of goods, services being rendered, construction contracts income by the contractor, and the use by others of the entity’s assets. Some<br />

types of revenue are excluded from this section and dealt with elsewhere. There is an appendix of examples of revenue recognition under the principles in this section.

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