Continuous Improvement and the Expansion of Quality ... - NCQA

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T H E S TAT E o f H E A l T H C A R E Q U A l I T y 2 0 1 1 • H E D I S M E A S U R E S o f C A R E CHIlDHooD IMMUNIzATIoN STATUS Immunizing a child not only protects the child’s health but also the health of the community, especially for those who are not immunized. 1 Infants and toddlers are particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases because their immune systems have not built up the necessary defenses to fight infection. 2,3 The Childhood Immunization Status measure looks at the percentage of children 2 years of age who receive all immunizations recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 4 • Most childhood vaccines are between 90 percent and 99 percent effective in preventing diseases. 5 • Statistics show dramatic declines in vaccine-preventable diseases in the U.S. when compared with the pre-vaccine era. Cases of diphtheria, polio and smallpox declined by 100 percent; cases of bacterial meningitis, measles, mumps, rubella, congenital rubella syndrome and tetanus, by 98 percent–99 percent; cases of hepatitis A, by 91 percent; cases of whooping cough, by 93 percent; cases of chickenpox, by 89 percent; cases of hepatitis b, by 83 percent; and cases of pneumonia, by 74 percent. 6 the Case for Improvement • Vaccination of each U.S. child according to the current childhood immunization schedule prevents approximately 42,000 deaths and 20 million cases of disease and saves nearly $14 billion in direct costs and $69 billion in societal costs each year. 8,9 95 • The perception among some parents that vaccines are unsafe for their children was heightened in recent years by several factors, including the number of vaccines in the recommended childhood immunization schedule, the presence of conflicting vaccine-safety information and scientifically refuted—yet widely publicized—theories that link vaccines to chronic health problems or developmental disabilities such as autism. 10 • According to the CDC’s National Immunization Survey, nearly 40 percent of parents of toddlers delay or refuse at least one recommended immunization for their children each year. 11 HEdIs Measure definition The percentage of children 2 years of age who had four diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis (DTaP); three polio (IPV); one measles, mumps and rubella (MMR); three H influenza type b (Hib); three hepatitis b (Hepb); one chickenpox (VzV); four pneumococcal conjugate (PCV); two hepatitis M E A S U R E S T A R G E T E D A T C H I l D R E N A N D A D o l E S C E N T S
M E A S U R E S T A R G E T E D A T C H I l D R E N A N D A D o l E S C E N T S 96 N AT I o N A l C o M M I T T E E f o R Q U A l I T y A S S U R A N C E A (HepA); two or three rotavirus (RV); and two influenza (flu) vaccines by their second birthday. This measure calculates a rate for each vaccine and nine separate combination rates; including a comprehensive rate. results Immunizations are a safe and important way parents protect their children’s health. 2 The diseases childhood vaccines are meant to prevent are most likely to occur when children are very young and the risk of complications is highest. Without these recommended vaccines, a child must contract a disease in order to become immune to the germ or virus that causes it, which can be extremely dangerous for younger children whose immune systems may not be strong enough to fight off infections. It is because of childhood immunizations that the majority of many once-common diseases are now at their lowest levels in history. 12 yEAR dtaP/dt CoMMERCIAl MEDICARE MEDICAID HMo PPo HMo PPo HMo 2010 86.3 64.7 NA NA 80.2 2009 85.4 59.9 NA NA 79.6 2008 87.2 47.7 NA NA 78.6 2007 86.9 42.4 NA NA 77.8 2006 87.2 39.2 NA NA 79.3 2005 86.1 62.8 NA NA 76.9 2004 85.9 NA NA NA 75.6 2003 84.3 NA NA NA 72.6 2002 80.1 NA NA NA 69.4 2001 81.5 NA NA NA 71.2 2000 80.4 NA NA NA NA 1999 78.7 NA NA NA NA
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184 REfERENCES N AT I o N A l C o M
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ACkNoWlEDGMENTS Health Plans The 20
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Continuous Improvement and the Expansion of Quality ... - NCQA

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