Manihot Manihotoides (Euphorbiaceae) - CNCFlora

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Systematic Position of the Genus 47 .- 3 r '.t ....~ . . ......... FIG 13. <strong>Manihot</strong> Manibot rubricaulis subsp rubricaulis. A, basal lobe of leaf showing the characteristic 'S' shaped curve (Palmer 224, UC); B, inflorescence (Palmer 224, UC). M. rubricaulis subsp isoloba. C, leaf (Townsend & Barber 404, BM); D, inflorescence (Gentry 1468, ARIZ).
48 Flora Neotropica the middle, dichotomously and trichotomously branching, branches with a tendency to spread out. All parts of the plant with strong odor of HCN. Roots slightly swollen; epidermis rough, strong brown (5 YR 4/5) subepidermis white. Young stems glabrous, strong brown (5 YR 4/5), internally light yellow-green (7.5 GY 9/4); mature stems brownish gray; latex cream colored. Young foliage at apex strong yellow-green (7.5 GY 6/8). Leaves alternate, stipules deciduous, glabrous; petioles generally 10.0-15.0 cm long, terete, dull red-green with some olive shading; lamina nonpeltate, ventral surface deep green, glabrous; dorsal surface pale green, glabrous, midribs and major veins prominent, abaxial surface wax pattern reticulate; venation camptodromous; palmately 7 lobed, 3 major, 2 smaller, and often 2 minute lobes; median lobes usually ca 10.0 cm long and ca 4.0 cm wide, obovate-pandurate, occasionally obovate, entire lobed, the primary constriction of pandurate lobes shallow to deep, apex varies from almost truncate with an acute conical tip in the middle, to acuminate. Plants begin to flower when ca 1.0 m tall; inflorescence a short, moneocious, axillary raceme, usually ca 5.0 cm long, never longer than 8.0 cm, pedicels comparatively longer at base, gradually decreasing in length towards apex, giving the inflorescence a more or less conical shape, all parts glabrous; bracteoles setaceous, less than 0.3 cm in length, margin smooth; bractlets setaceous. Pistillate flowers restricted to the base of the inflorescence, borne on 1.0-2.0 cm long pedicles, tepals externally brilliant yellow-green (2.5 GY 9/8), cleft to the base into 5 lobes, lobes lanceolate-oblong, disc fleshy, entire, brilliant yellow-green (2.5 GY 9/8), ovary subglobose, entire, the three divisions of the stigma moderately lobed and lobulate. Staminate flowers characteristically conical, often as long as 1.8 cm, tepals brilliant yellowish green externally (2.5 GY 9/8), cleft 1/3 of the way down into 5 lobes, lobes tapering, acuminate, disc 10 lobed, brilliant yellowish green (2.5 GY 9/8), stamens 10, in 2 whorls of 5 each, filaments and anthers white. Fruit pedicels 1.0-2.0 cm long, slightly curved downwards; capsules more or less globular, ca 1.5 cm long from base to apex, surface slightly rugose, with 6 very small wings, apex rounded, fruit dehiscence septicidal. Seeds oblong, ca 0.9 cm long, carunculate and bluntly acute, caruncle moderately prominent. Fig 14B, C, D. TYPE. Rogers 505: Mexico, Oaxaca: 17 km ENE of Juchitan, 22 Jul 1963 (holotype, NY; isotypes, COLO, F, G, K, MEXU, MO, P, S, SP, UC, US, W). DISTRIBUTION. (Fig 14A). Mexico: Oaxaca. Flourishes in the plains and foothills surrounding Juchitan and Tehuantepec, and upstream on both sides of Rio Tehuantepec; to 150 m. It appears that the range of this species extends upwards as high as 1000 m, towards the headwaters of Rio Tehuantepec. Webster, Miller & Miller 11641, collected at an alt of 870 m, may represent an ecotypic form of this taxon, but the poor condition of the specimen does not render critical comparisons possible. Similarly Conzatti 2413, collected from Quiotepec, Cuicatlan at an alt of 700 m resembles M. oaxacana, but positive identification has not been possible due to the poor condition of the specimen. Further collections from these areas will confirm the possibility of the range of this species extending along the northeastern foothills of the Sierra Madre del Sur, up to Cuicatlan which is on the periphery of the range of Manibotoides pauciflora. In the typical habitat along the foothills near Juchitan and Tehuantepec, large self-seeding colonies are common. <strong>Manihot</strong> oaxacana grows under partial shade in a relatively undisturbed vegetation composed of thorny leguminous trees, shrubs, cacti, etc. Appears to be adapted to grow in several soil types such as sandy (King 1213), loose limestone with coarse friable reddish brown soil mantle (Rogers 507), metamorphic rock (Webster, Miller & Miller 12955), and lateritic soil on noncalcareous rocks (Webster, Miller & Miller 11641). MEXICO. Oaxaca: Conzatti 2413 (F) Quiotepec, Cuicatlan, 21 Jun 1909; King 1213 (NY, TEX, UC, US) Isthmus of Tehuantepec, 2-4 km E of Tehuantepec, 1 Jul 1959; King 366 (US) Isthmus of Tehuantepec, 5.5 km E of Juchitan, 2 Jul 1958; King 737 (US) Isthmus of Tehuantepec, 10-15 miles NW of Tehuantepec, 26 Jul 1958; Purpus 7353 (UC) San Geronimo, Jul 1914; Rogers 506 (G, M, MICH, NY, S) 7-8 km WNW of Tehuantepec, 23 Jul 1963; Rogers 507
Page 1 and 2: Organization for Flora Neotropica M
Page 3 and 4: Copyright ? 1973 HAFNER PRESS Publi
Page 5 and 6: 2 Flora Neotropica played a fundame
Page 7 and 8: 4 Flora Neotropica 1827 Pohl, J. E.
Page 9 and 10: 6 Flora Neotropica cultivated plant
Page 11 and 12: 8 Flora Neotropica organs. This is
Page 13 and 14: 10 Flora Neotropica TABLE I Charact
Page 15 and 16: 12 Flora Neotropica TABLE I (contin
Page 17 and 18: 14 Flora Neotropica TABLE I (contin
Page 19 and 20: 16 Flora Neotropica ? ' ., ~.~ "::
Page 21 and 22: 18 Flora Neotropica specimen for ac
Page 23 and 24: 20 Flora Neotropica Leaves alternat
Page 25 and 26: 22 Flora Neotropica s ~t Sg~~~~~~~~
Page 27 and 28: 24 Flora Neotropica 16. Lamina memb
Page 29 and 30: ~ 26 Flora Neotropica o L 0
Page 31 and 32: 28 Flora Neotropica Manihot esculen
Page 33 and 34: 30 Flora Neotropica , ~.....i& , "
Page 35 and 36: 32 Flora Neotropica Ule 7645 (MG, U
Page 37 and 38: 34 Flora Neotropica sprucei Pax, an
Page 39 and 40: 36 Flora Neotropica Manibot sect He
Page 41 and 42: 38 Flora Neotropica aJJg~~~~~~~~~~~
Page 43 and 44: 40 Flora Neotropica ,- ~~~~~~~ "'%j
Page 45 and 46: t c? *r~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Page 47 and 48: 44 Flora Neotropica - A~~ AI ii ' D
Page 49: 46 Flora Neotropica its leaves duri
Page 53 and 54: 50 Flora Neotropica (COLO-2, F-2, G
Page 55 and 56: 52 Flora Neotropica r I C D '', " F
Page 57 and 58: 54 Flora Neotropica _,._ ,' X I /'"
Page 59 and 60: 56 2m.al~ .~~~~~~~1 A .. "C~~~~~~~~
Page 61 and 62: 58 Flora Neotropica ,~. 1 ' /1 _ ',
Page 63 and 64: 60 Flora Neotropica 1962; Webster,
Page 65 and 66: 62 Flora Neotropica Lyonnet 301 (NY
Page 67 and 68: 64 Flora Neotropica '- ' i ..:.:. _
Page 69 and 70: 66 Flora Neotropica C . ,i .~ ,s~ %
Page 71 and 72: 68 Flora Neotropica Key to the Spec
Page 73 and 74: 70 Flora Neotropica 1897. Guanajuat
Page 75 and 76: 72 Flora Neotropica a more or less
Page 77 and 78: 74 Flora Neotropica surface not shi
Page 79 and 80: 76 Flora Neotropica Trees. Young st
Page 81 and 82: 78 Flora Neotropica membranaceous,
Page 83 and 84: 80 Flora Neotropica Inflorescence a
Page 85 and 86: 82 Flora Neotropica towards the ape
Page 87 and 88: 84 Flora Neotropica 22a. Manihot tr
Page 89 and 90: 86 Flora Neotropica This subspecies
Page 91 and 92: 88 Flora Neotropica Nov 1965; Roger
Page 93 and 94: 90 Flora Neotropica conservatories,
Page 95 and 96: 92 Flora Neotropica Manihot brasili
Page 97 and 98: 94 Flora Neotropica nonpeltate; aba
Page 99 and 100: 96 Flora Neotropica The number of s
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98 Flora Neotropica white bloom; br
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100 Flora Neotropica 56) in an obse
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102 Flora Neotropica pubescent, cle
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104 Flora Neotropica tion. FIG 41.
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106 Flora Neotropica FIG 42. Manibo
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108 Flora Neotropica to lamina basa
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110 Flora Neotropica pandurate or r
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112 Flora Neotropica 1932. Tucuman:
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114 Flora Neotropica Jatropha janip
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116 Flora Neotropica "..., \j _-_4
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118 Flora Neotropica petioles ca 15
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120 Flora Neotropica 1LI? Cf? ,' Z
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122 Flora Neotropica i ''~~~~~~~~~~
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124 Flora Neotropica TYPE. Pohl 734
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126 Flora Neotropica FIG 53. Maniho
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128 Flora Neotropica 223-AP. 1 / {'
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130 Flora Neotropica The specimens
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132 Flora Neotropica lamina palmate
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134 46a. Manihot violacea Pohl subs
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136 Flora Neotropica 47. Manihot ja
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138 I: = Flora Neotropica F~IG iegn
Page 143 and 144:
140 Flora Neotropica '-. 'd.4n !.4
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142 Flora Neotropica FIG . M a n i
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o I 'L 1 ` \ : / FIG 62. Manibot se
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146 Flora Neotropica 9 L 1 1.?1 !1
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148 Flora Neotropica 4,- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
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150 Flora Neotropica 1Cc B ~~~~~~~'
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152 Flora Neotropica :/ ,..~~~~~~~.
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154 Flora Neotropica C -A I/ /1 ? C
Page 159 and 160:
156 X - / . " Flora Neotropica FIG
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158 Flora Neotropica reticulate; ve
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160 Flora Neotropica UB, US-2) Cerr
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162 Flora Neotropica I 0 0 '..,.r,
Page 167 and 168:
? c--" 2"- I- "" X' j *' -t- F '~~~
Page 169 and 170:
166 Flora Neotropica -C Ii. . i i~,
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
170 Flora Neotropica staminate buds
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172 Flora Neotropica 10191 (LIL, US
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}?\???)? **^^ ' /, i (, 7 I.M f ran
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176 Flora Neotropica , , ..1.. m "
Page 181 and 182:
FI 8 G ............................
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180 Flora Neotropica 0~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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182 Flora Neotropica into 5 lobes;
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184 Flora Neotropica a I. cence !q
Page 189 and 190:
186 Flora Neotropica p|- p I. S -.
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188 Flora Neotropica r, o _ t i_ ;
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190 Flora Neotropica Manihot sect P
Page 195 and 196:
192 Flora Neotropica .' '.: :. :' "
Page 197 and 198:
194 Flora Neotropica wax pattern, v
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196 Flora Neotropica 468 (F, G, K,
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198 Flora Neotropica 157 U. i! AI .
Page 203 and 204:
''* '> .." ' . .., /? I J*" ' - ??
Page 205 and 206:
202 Flora Neotropica 4984, UC). T _
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204 Flora Neotropica ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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206 Flora Neotropica Jan 1968; Mace
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208 Flora Neotropica Very short, ne
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210 Flora Neotropica Very short, ne
Page 215 and 216:
212 Flora Neotropica DISTRIBUTION.
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!: '" . D' I , ~:'~)L~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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216 Flora Neotropica 27 k " ? .: .:
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-1~~~~~~ i , FIG 104. Manihot sect
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220 Flora Neotropica BRASIL. Mato G
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224 Flora Neotropica _ _ ?^^^^^...
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eE- ~........ ' t-0 i ',K 6?~~~~~~~
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228 Flora Neotropica ,i ~~~~~~~~~~~
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230 Flora Neotropica DISTRIBUTION.
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f ' * S s. - .. -- X~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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234 Flora Neotropica Manihot tripar
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236 Flora Neotropica Santa, Dec 195
Page 241 and 242:
238 Flora Neotropica Pax lists Robe
Page 243 and 244:
_.- \ ~ [' i ~ ~ .j ?~.:.:. --/ _:.
Page 245 and 246:
242 Flora Neotropica Key to the Sub
Page 247 and 248:
244 Flora Neotropica TYPE. Martius
Page 249 and 250:
246 Flora Neotropica i '*:1, .! 2;
Page 251 and 252:
248 Flora Neotropica to nearly obco
Page 253 and 254:
250 Flora Neotropica --" . T - FIG
Page 255 and 256:
252 Flora Neotropica Manihot curcas
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254 Flora Neotropica Nordenskiold,
Page 259 and 260:
256 Flora Neotropica 62. M. anomala
Page 261 and 262:
258 Flora Neotropica 1780 (1-66); 1
Page 263 and 264:
260 Flora Neotropica 13203 (1-27);
Page 265 and 266:
262 Flora Neotropica Killip, E. P.
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264 Flora Neotropica Palmer, L. H.
Page 269 and 270:
266 Flora Neotropica Schomburgk, R.
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268 Flora Neotropica Adenoropium tr
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270 Flora Neotropica enneaphylla 88
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272 Flora Neotropica Rogers & Appan
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cNr ( r-r nu )0m Cr m ^ Lo cm ( r o
Page 279 and 280:
1. 00 0 - , ' t t N S D - .-' C IS)
Page 281:
51 2,12 8 27 2 3;19 30=4;13,12 33=1
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Manihot Manihotoides (Euphorbiaceae) - CNCFlora

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