3.5.2 CSDs as Guides for Microanalysis I selected three samples from Site 1203 for detailed microanalysis of plagio- clase phenocrysts based upon CSD curvature (Fig. 3.6). I chose to examine Site 1203 Units 14 and 31 due to the highly kinked nature of their CSDs. I also chose one gently curved CSD sample, the top of Site 1203 Unit 3, for microanalysis to compare with the results from the strongly kinked CSDs. I selected two large phenocrysts, one each from the middle and bottom of Site 884 Unit 8 for micro- analysis. I divided non-linear CSDs into two segments for targeted microanalysis based upon the approximate position CSD slope change (Fig. 3.6a). A generaliza- tion of the division of CSDs into separate segments, which are hereafter referred to as Population A (smaller L) and Population B (larger L), is illustrated in fig- ure 3.6a. The locations and sample names of each plagioclase crystal analyzed in this study, as listed in tables 3.3 and 3.4, are labeled in figure 3.6b-e. The stereo- logic correction used to convert 2D crystal sizes to 3D crystal sizes for generation of true 3D CSD plots was applied to each crystal each crystal examined in order to accurately sample CSD segments shown in figure 3.6b-e. 3.5.3 Petrography and Crystal Zoning Patterns of Microanalysis Samples 3.5.3.1 Site 1203 Unit 3 Unit 3 basalts have massive textures and large plagioclase phenocrysts (i.e., population B) that occur both as individual euhedral crystals and as portions of rounded glomerocrysts (e.g., Fig. 3.7a). Both the large euhedral crystals and the crystals present within glomerocrysts exhibit oscillatory zoning (e.g., Fig. 3.8d) superimposed upn normal zonation ± distinct changes in An content of > 5 mole % (e.g., Fig. 3.8c,d). Major element zonation is visible in backscatter electron images 107
ln (n) [mm -4 ] ln (n) [mm -4 ] 10 5 0 -5 5 0 -5 Unit 8 middle Unit 8 bottom ln (n) [mm -4 ] Site 884 Unit 8 }Crystals: PG1-PG5,PG-8-PG-13,Y3A,Y3C,Y3F,Y4A, Y4D,Y4E,Y4F,Y5B,Y2B,Y2C,Y2D, XLE1-XLE4,XLB1-XLB4,XLC1-XLC-5, XLD1,XLD2,SB1 } Crystals: Site 1203 Unit 14 -10 0 2 4 6 L [mm] 8 10 10 5 0 -5 } population A } -10 0 2 4 6 L [mm] 8 10 A,B,C1,D1,E,X1,X2,Y3B,Y3D,Y3E,Y4G, Y5A,Y2A,X4,C,B2,A2 population B } A) Crystals: D-S1,D-S2,E-1,F,H,PL-A,PL-B,PL-C,PL-D, PL-E,PL-F,PL-G,PL-H B) C) 9R2A 9R3B }Crystals: A,B,C,D-L, J,X1,X4,X2-1 Site 1203 Unit 3 Unit 3 top Unit 3 bottom }Crystals: SPL3,SPL1,SPL,5,SPL2,SPL6,SPL7,SPL8,SPL9, SPL10,Y1,Y2B,Y3,Y4A,Y4B,Y6C,Y6B D) E) A,Bsm,C,D,E,G,I,J,Y5L, Y10,Y11 }Crystals: Site 1203 Unit 31 0 2 4 L [mm] 6 8 Figure 3.6. a) Non-linear CSDs were divided into two regions based upon the approximate position of CSD slope change. Crystals from each population segment were then targets for compositional microanalysis. The general locations of crystals listed in tables 3.1 and 3.2 are shown for b) Site 884 Unit 8; c) Site 1203 Unit 3; d) Site 1203 Unit 14; and e) Site 1203 Unit 31. 108
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TEXTURAL AND MICROANALYSIS OF IGNEO
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TEXTURAL AND MICROANALYSIS OF IGNEO
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DEDICATION This work is dedicated t
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CHAPTER 2: MAGMA EVOLUTION REVEALED
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3.6.3.1 Crystal Population Origins
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FIGURES 1.1 Magma Chambers . . . .
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TABLES 2.1 MAJOR AND TRACE ELEMENT
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thus been debate within the volcano
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Cambrian schist) including a crysta
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explosive eruption vs. mild effusiv
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tiation (e.g., [84, 98]; Fig. 1.3).
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defined as having crystallinities b
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12 Figure 1.4: Large Igneous Provin
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distribution of crystal sizes (e.g.
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investigating magmatic evolution us
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length dispersive spectroscopy(WDS)
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microdrilling, a pre-cleaned square
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1.7.2 Detroit Seamount, Part of the
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lations. Reprocessing of intrusive
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nucleated homogenously and grew thr
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With accurate partition coefficient
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uniform composition of large volume
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Figure 2.2. Hand sample and thin se
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2.3.1 A Cogenetic Relationship Betw
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Figure 2.4. Stratigraphic section o
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Figure 2.5. Backscatter electron im
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studies of Kwaimbaita basalt by San
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42 Crystal Zone An (mol%) TABLE 2.1
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44 Crystal Zone An (mol%) 63R2 phen
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46 Crystal Zone An (mol%) TABLE 2.1
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48 Crystal Zone An (mol%) TABLE 2.1
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along the xenolith margins (e.g., F
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are more abundant in phenocrysts fr
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54 Crystal Zone 5 ML-X1 xenolith TA
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- Page 101 and 102: magma compositions [23, 39, 98]. A
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- Page 105 and 106: [118]. No volcaniclastic rocks were
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158 TABLE 3.3 Continued Sample Zone
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160 TABLE 3.3 Continued Sample Zone
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162 TABLE 3.4 Continued Sample Zone
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164 TABLE 3.4 Continued Sample Zone
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166 TABLE 3.4 Continued Sample Zone
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168 TABLE 3.4 Continued Sample Zone
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170 TABLE 3.4 Continued Sample Zone
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172 TABLE 3.4 Continued Sample Zone
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KP has been done via drilling at 11
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and over time crustal wall-rocks be
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flow [33]. I selected a single samp
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4.3.4 Major and Trace Element Data
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B) C) parafilm splash guard A) tape
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of these elements are the better co
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5 mm 5 mm Figure 4.4. Cross polariz
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4.4.2 Electron Probe Microanalysis
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An (mol %) An (mol %) An (mol %) An
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study exhibit their highest An at t
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4.4.3 LA-ICP-MS - Trace Elements An
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87 86 Sr/ SrI = 0.705722(8) Ba/Sr =
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and Rb (Fig. 4.11d,e). 4.4.3.3 Yttr
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Sr (ppm) Y (ppm) La (ppm) Ce (ppm)
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Unit 4 plagioclase rims plagioclase
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204 TABLE 4.4 UNIT 4 PLAGIOCLASE PA
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4.5 Discussion 4.5.0.1 Origin of Ma
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4.5.0.2 Insights from Trace Element
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that other factors influenced the a
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C A/B / D A/B C A/B / D A/B Unit 4
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Magma chambers tend to form at hori
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whole-rock basalt data. Cumulate xe
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over short time spans but may be ea
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lowing initial Elan Bank magma empl
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. C. Allegre, A. Prov
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22. B. Charlier, J. Davidson, O. Ba
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46. J. Fitton and M. Godard, Origin
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68. M. Higgins, Measurement of crys
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89. J. Longhi, D. Walker and J. Hay
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100 of Geophysical Monograph, pages
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129. J. Tarduno, W. Sliter, L. Kroe