TEXTURAL AND MICROANALYSIS OF IGNEOUS ROCKS: TOOLS ...

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56. B. Giletti, Isotopic equilibrium/disequilibrium and diffusion kinetics in feldspars. In I. Parsons, editor, Feldspars and their Reactions. NATO ASI Series, volume 421, pages 351–382, Kluwer Academic (1994). 57. B. Giletti and J. Casserly, Strontium diffusion kinetics in plagioclase feldspars. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 58: 3785–3793 (1994). 58. B. Giletti and T. Shanahan, Alkali diffusion in plagioclase feldspar. Chemical Geology, 139: 3–20 (1997). 59. C. Ginibre, G. Wörner and A. Kronz, Minor- and trace-element zoning in plagioclase: implications for magma chamber processes at Parinacota volcano, northern Chile. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 143: 300–315 (2002). 60. C. Ginibre, G. Wörner and A. Kronz, Structure and dynamics of the Laacher See magma chamber (Eifel, Germany) from major and trace element zoning in sanidine: A cathodoluminescence and electron microprobe study. Journal of Petrology, 45: 2197–2223 (2004). 61. T. Grove, D. Gerlach and T. Sando, Origin of calc-alkaline series lavas at Medicine Lake volcano by fractionation, assimilation, and mixing. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 80: 160–182 (1982). 62. K. Haase, Geochemical constraints on the magma sources and mixing processes in Easter Microplate (MORB) (SE Pacific): a case study of plumeridge interaction. Chemical Geology, 182: 335–355 (2002). 63. P. Hall and C. Kincaid, Plume-ridge interaction and the geometry of melting. EOS Transactions AGU, 79(45): 1006 (1998). 64. B. Hanan, J. Blichert-Toft, R. Kingsley and J. Schilling, Depleted Iceland mantle plume geochemical signature: Artifact of multicomponent mixing? Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 1: doi:10.1029/1999GC000009 (2000). 65. G. Heiken, Will Vesuvius Erupt? Three Million People Need to Know. Science, 286(5445): 1685–1687 (1999). 66. C. Herzberg, Partial crystallization of mid-ocean ridge basalts in the crust and mantle. Journal of Petrology, 45(12): 2389–2405 (2004). 67. M. Higgins, Magma dynamics beneath Kameni volcano, Thera, Greece, as revealed by crystal size and crystal shape measurements. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 70: 37–48 (1996). 227
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TEXTURAL AND MICROANALYSIS OF IGNEO
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TEXTURAL AND MICROANALYSIS OF IGNEO
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DEDICATION This work is dedicated t
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CHAPTER 2: MAGMA EVOLUTION REVEALED
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3.6.3.1 Crystal Population Origins
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FIGURES 1.1 Magma Chambers . . . .
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TABLES 2.1 MAJOR AND TRACE ELEMENT
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thus been debate within the volcano
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Cambrian schist) including a crysta
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explosive eruption vs. mild effusiv
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tiation (e.g., [84, 98]; Fig. 1.3).
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defined as having crystallinities b
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12 Figure 1.4: Large Igneous Provin
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distribution of crystal sizes (e.g.
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investigating magmatic evolution us
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length dispersive spectroscopy(WDS)
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microdrilling, a pre-cleaned square
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1.7.2 Detroit Seamount, Part of the
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lations. Reprocessing of intrusive
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nucleated homogenously and grew thr
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With accurate partition coefficient
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uniform composition of large volume
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Figure 2.2. Hand sample and thin se
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2.3.1 A Cogenetic Relationship Betw
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Figure 2.4. Stratigraphic section o
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Figure 2.5. Backscatter electron im
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studies of Kwaimbaita basalt by San
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42 Crystal Zone An (mol%) TABLE 2.1
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44 Crystal Zone An (mol%) 63R2 phen
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along the xenolith margins (e.g., F
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are more abundant in phenocrysts fr
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54 Crystal Zone 5 ML-X1 xenolith TA
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56 TABLE 2.2 Continued Crystal Zone
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Figure 2.7. Measured major and trac
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2.5.3.2 Trace Elements It is diffic
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Figure 2.9. Trace element ratio plo
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2.5.4 Resorption Features in Site 1
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should, however, be noted that in t
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2.6.1.2 An-rich OJP Plagioclase: In
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equivocally the roles of H2O, press
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ent magma requires significant clin
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tion driven plumes, or stirring by
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Yamashita, [123], and thus did not
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erally extensive crystal-mush netwo
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asalt at Site 1185 of ODP Leg 192 [
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CHAPTER 3 SHALLOW MAGMA EVOLUTION D
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magma compositions [23, 39, 98]. A
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Figure 3.2. Stratigraphy of basalts
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[118]. No volcaniclastic rocks were
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magmatic crystallization. Using the
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Figure 3.3. A cross polarized light
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3.4.5 Major and Trace Element Data
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3.4.6.1 Partition coefficients for
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3.5.1.2 Site 884 CSDs I measured pl
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Figure 3.5. Plagioclase CSDs of ODP
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106 TABLE 3.2 CSD RESULTS Sample OD
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ln (n) [mm -4 ] ln (n) [mm -4 ] 10
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ulation A crystals are unzoned (An6
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Figure 3.8. a) The majority of Site
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3.5.4.3 Site 1203 Unit 31 and Site
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3.5.5 Trace Elements 3.5.5.1 Measur
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Unit 31 > Site 884 Unit 8 (Table 3.
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3.6 Discussion 3.6.1 Evidence of Cr
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3.6.1.1 Site 1203 Alkalic Basalts a
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etween the different crystal popula
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Unit 14 and 31 magmas accumulated o
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sition is similar to parent magmas
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Sr - low La/Ce population A parent
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The Unit 31 plagioclase CSD is kink
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was dominated by late stage clinopy
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pressure, and growth of An-rich pla
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138 TABLE 3.3 PLAGIOCLASE PHENOCRYS
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140 TABLE 3.3 Continued Sample Zone
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KP has been done via drilling at 11
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Page 191 and 192: flow [33]. I selected a single samp
Page 193 and 194: 4.3.4 Major and Trace Element Data
Page 195 and 196: B) C) parafilm splash guard A) tape
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Page 201 and 202: 4.4.2 Electron Probe Microanalysis
Page 203 and 204: An (mol %) An (mol %) An (mol %) An
Page 205 and 206: study exhibit their highest An at t
Page 207 and 208: 4.4.3 LA-ICP-MS - Trace Elements An
Page 209 and 210: 87 86 Sr/ SrI = 0.705722(8) Ba/Sr =
Page 211 and 212: and Rb (Fig. 4.11d,e). 4.4.3.3 Yttr
Page 213 and 214: Sr (ppm) Y (ppm) La (ppm) Ce (ppm)
Page 215 and 216: Unit 4 plagioclase rims plagioclase
Page 217 and 218: 204 TABLE 4.4 UNIT 4 PLAGIOCLASE PA
Page 219 and 220: 4.5 Discussion 4.5.0.1 Origin of Ma
Page 221 and 222: 4.5.0.2 Insights from Trace Element
Page 223 and 224: that other factors influenced the a
Page 225 and 226: C A/B / D A/B C A/B / D A/B Unit 4
Page 227 and 228: Magma chambers tend to form at hori
Page 229 and 230: whole-rock basalt data. Cumulate xe
Page 231 and 232: over short time spans but may be ea
Page 233 and 234: lowing initial Elan Bank magma empl
Page 235 and 236: BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. C. Allegre, A. Prov
Page 237 and 238: 22. B. Charlier, J. Davidson, O. Ba
Page 239: 46. J. Fitton and M. Godard, Origin
Page 243 and 244: 89. J. Longhi, D. Walker and J. Hay
Page 245 and 246: 100 of Geophysical Monograph, pages
Page 247 and 248: 129. J. Tarduno, W. Sliter, L. Kroe
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