TEXTURAL AND MICROANALYSIS OF IGNEOUS ROCKS: TOOLS ...

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120. R. Resmini and B. Marsh, Steady-state volcanism, paleoeffusion rates, and magma system volume inferred from plagioclase crystal size distributions in mafic lavas: Dome Mountain, Nevada. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 68: 273–296 (1995). 121. J. Roberge, R. White and P. Wallace, Volatiles in submarine basaltic glasses from the Ontong Java Plateau (ODP Leg 192): implications for magmatic processes and source region compositions. In J. Fitton, J. Mahoney, P. Wallace and A. Saunders, editors, Origin and Evolution of the Ontong Java Plateau, volume 229 of Special Publications, pages 329–257, Geological Society (2004). 122. M. Ryan, Neutral buoyancy and the mechanical evolution of magmatic systems. In B. Mysen, editor, Magmatic processes: physicochemical principles, volume 1 of Special Publication, pages 259–288, The Geochemical Society (1987). 123. T. Sano and S. Yamashita, Experimental petrology of basement lavas from Ocean Drilling Program Leg 192: implications for differentiation processes in Ontong Java Plateau magmas. In J. Fitton, J. Mahoney, P. Wallace and A. Saunders, editors, Origin and Evolution of the Ontong Java Plateau, volume 229 of Special Publications, pages 185–218, Geological Society, London (2004). 124. A. Saunders, Mantle plumes: an alternative to the alternative. Geoscientist (2003). 125. A. Saunders, M. Storey, I. Gibson, P. Leat, J. Hergt and R. Thompson, Chemical and isotopic constraints on the origin of basalts from the ninetyeast ridge, indian ocean: results from dsdp legs 22 and 26 and odp leg 121. In J. Weissel, J. Peirce, E. Taylor and J. Alt, editors, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, volume 121, pages 559–590, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station TX 77845-9547, USA (1991). 126. T. Sisson and T. Grove, Experimental investigations of the role of H2O in calc-alkaline differentiation and subduction zone magmatism. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 113: 143–166 (1993). 127. J. Smith and W. Brown, Feldspar Minerals, volume 1. Springer-Verlag (1988). 128. J. Tarduno, D. Duncan, R. Scholl and et al., Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Initial Reports, 197. [CD-ROM], Available from: Ocean Drilling Program, Texas A&M University, College Station TX 77845-9547, USA (2002). 233
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TEXTURAL AND MICROANALYSIS OF IGNEO
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TEXTURAL AND MICROANALYSIS OF IGNEO
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DEDICATION This work is dedicated t
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CHAPTER 2: MAGMA EVOLUTION REVEALED
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3.6.3.1 Crystal Population Origins
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FIGURES 1.1 Magma Chambers . . . .
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TABLES 2.1 MAJOR AND TRACE ELEMENT
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thus been debate within the volcano
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Cambrian schist) including a crysta
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explosive eruption vs. mild effusiv
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tiation (e.g., [84, 98]; Fig. 1.3).
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defined as having crystallinities b
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12 Figure 1.4: Large Igneous Provin
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distribution of crystal sizes (e.g.
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investigating magmatic evolution us
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length dispersive spectroscopy(WDS)
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microdrilling, a pre-cleaned square
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1.7.2 Detroit Seamount, Part of the
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lations. Reprocessing of intrusive
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nucleated homogenously and grew thr
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With accurate partition coefficient
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uniform composition of large volume
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Figure 2.2. Hand sample and thin se
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2.3.1 A Cogenetic Relationship Betw
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Figure 2.4. Stratigraphic section o
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Figure 2.5. Backscatter electron im
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studies of Kwaimbaita basalt by San
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42 Crystal Zone An (mol%) TABLE 2.1
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44 Crystal Zone An (mol%) 63R2 phen
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along the xenolith margins (e.g., F
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are more abundant in phenocrysts fr
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54 Crystal Zone 5 ML-X1 xenolith TA
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56 TABLE 2.2 Continued Crystal Zone
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Figure 2.7. Measured major and trac
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2.5.3.2 Trace Elements It is diffic
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Figure 2.9. Trace element ratio plo
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2.5.4 Resorption Features in Site 1
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should, however, be noted that in t
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2.6.1.2 An-rich OJP Plagioclase: In
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equivocally the roles of H2O, press
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ent magma requires significant clin
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tion driven plumes, or stirring by
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Yamashita, [123], and thus did not
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erally extensive crystal-mush netwo
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asalt at Site 1185 of ODP Leg 192 [
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CHAPTER 3 SHALLOW MAGMA EVOLUTION D
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magma compositions [23, 39, 98]. A
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Figure 3.2. Stratigraphy of basalts
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[118]. No volcaniclastic rocks were
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magmatic crystallization. Using the
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Figure 3.3. A cross polarized light
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3.4.5 Major and Trace Element Data
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3.4.6.1 Partition coefficients for
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3.5.1.2 Site 884 CSDs I measured pl
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Figure 3.5. Plagioclase CSDs of ODP
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106 TABLE 3.2 CSD RESULTS Sample OD
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ln (n) [mm -4 ] ln (n) [mm -4 ] 10
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ulation A crystals are unzoned (An6
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Figure 3.8. a) The majority of Site
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3.5.4.3 Site 1203 Unit 31 and Site
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3.5.5 Trace Elements 3.5.5.1 Measur
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Unit 31 > Site 884 Unit 8 (Table 3.
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3.6 Discussion 3.6.1 Evidence of Cr
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3.6.1.1 Site 1203 Alkalic Basalts a
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etween the different crystal popula
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Unit 14 and 31 magmas accumulated o
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sition is similar to parent magmas
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Sr - low La/Ce population A parent
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The Unit 31 plagioclase CSD is kink
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was dominated by late stage clinopy
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pressure, and growth of An-rich pla
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138 TABLE 3.3 PLAGIOCLASE PHENOCRYS
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140 TABLE 3.3 Continued Sample Zone
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KP has been done via drilling at 11
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and over time crustal wall-rocks be
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flow [33]. I selected a single samp
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4.3.4 Major and Trace Element Data
Page 195 and 196: B) C) parafilm splash guard A) tape
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Page 203 and 204: An (mol %) An (mol %) An (mol %) An
Page 205 and 206: study exhibit their highest An at t
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Page 209 and 210: 87 86 Sr/ SrI = 0.705722(8) Ba/Sr =
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Page 213 and 214: Sr (ppm) Y (ppm) La (ppm) Ce (ppm)
Page 215 and 216: Unit 4 plagioclase rims plagioclase
Page 217 and 218: 204 TABLE 4.4 UNIT 4 PLAGIOCLASE PA
Page 219 and 220: 4.5 Discussion 4.5.0.1 Origin of Ma
Page 221 and 222: 4.5.0.2 Insights from Trace Element
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Page 225 and 226: C A/B / D A/B C A/B / D A/B Unit 4
Page 227 and 228: Magma chambers tend to form at hori
Page 229 and 230: whole-rock basalt data. Cumulate xe
Page 231 and 232: over short time spans but may be ea
Page 233 and 234: lowing initial Elan Bank magma empl
Page 235 and 236: BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. C. Allegre, A. Prov
Page 237 and 238: 22. B. Charlier, J. Davidson, O. Ba
Page 239 and 240: 46. J. Fitton and M. Godard, Origin
Page 241 and 242: 68. M. Higgins, Measurement of crys
Page 243 and 244: 89. J. Longhi, D. Walker and J. Hay
Page 245: 100 of Geophysical Monograph, pages
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