TEXTURAL AND MICROANALYSIS OF IGNEOUS ROCKS: TOOLS ...

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are considered (i.e., those where 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios were also measured (Fig. 4.14b). Rare earth element abundances and ratios (including Y) in Unit 4 and 10 plagioclase parent magmas are distinctly lower than Site 1137 basalts (Tables 4.4, 4.5; (Fig. 4.14c). The origins of these low abundances are explored below. 203
204 TABLE 4.4 UNIT 4 PLAGIOCLASE PARTITION COEFFICIENTS <strong>AND</strong> INFERRED PARENT MAGMA COMPOSITIONS Sample Zone An DRb DSr DY DBa DLa DCe DP r DNd DSm Rb Sr Y Ba La Ce Pr Nd Sm (mol%) K C 69 0.01 1.77 0.01 0.27 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 33.1 467.4 39.4 367.3 8.8 25.6 3.0 14.3 2.2 K I 71 0.01 1.70 0.01 0.25 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 20.0 499.7 31.9 327.6 10.4 27.3 3.3 18.9 4.8 K R 66 0.01 1.86 0.01 0.30 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 14.9 452.1 19.9 265.2 9.1 23.5 2.8 12.8 3.0 L C 61 0.01 2.00 0.01 0.35 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 25.6 397.6 8.2 208.4 8.8 19.9 2.6 10.0 4.9 L I 62 0.01 1.98 0.01 0.34 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 35.3 405.3 38.0 244.8 7.3 19.8 2.4 9.3 4.9 L R 68 0.01 1.79 0.01 0.28 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 20.6 448.0 26.5 246.0 8.0 20.3 2.6 12.4 5.0 Q C 66 0.01 1.85 0.01 0.29 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 30.0 461.2 13.6 238.6 7.1 20.1 2.3 9.0 3.3 Q I 65 0.01 1.89 0.01 0.31 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 20.8 465.9 15.4 221.7 8.3 21.1 2.5 13.3 1.6 Q R 60 0.01 2.02 0.01 0.36 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 0.0 456.4 8.8 254.1 9.5 23.2 3.4 14.1 4.0 P C 66 0.01 1.85 0.01 0.29 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 30.2 463.2 16.1 232.0 6.6 17.7 2.3 9.0 2.4 P I 65 0.01 1.90 0.01 0.31 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 30.7 435.2 14.8 216.3 7.4 20.1 2.4 13.1 2.4 J C 68 0.01 1.79 0.01 0.28 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 26.4 515.8 10.3 256.8 8.3 20.9 2.8 11.3 2.7 J I 68 0.01 1.81 0.01 0.28 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 25.4 502.8 11.6 255.6 8.6 21.8 2.5 10.6 3.8 J R 62 0.01 1.98 0.01 0.34 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 29.0 468.2 10.3 288.0 9.9 22.1 2.9 13.0 1.8 N C 64 0.01 1.90 0.01 0.31 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 22.9 446.4 11.8 223.1 8.0 19.6 2.6 12.5 4.5 N R 61 0.01 1.99 0.01 0.34 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 49.8 523.2 23.8 382.6 14.4 32.1 3.8 23.4 7.1 O C 67 0.01 1.83 0.01 0.29 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 27.3 478.7 15.2 240.9 8.1 20.3 2.1 12.6 3.3 O I 67 0.01 1.83 0.01 0.29 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 35.0 509.5 12.3 318.2 9.2 22.0 2.8 13.7 3.1 O I 57 0.01 2.12 0.01 0.40 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 41.8 426.6 11.0 229.6 8.6 23.9 3.1 15.7 3.4 O I 62 0.01 1.97 0.01 0.34 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 40.9 498.4 11.3 342.0 11.9 26.6 2.9 17.8 6.9 O R 54 0.01 2.23 0.01 0.44 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 55.1 411.6 14.8 282.2 10.7 24.2 3.0 14.4 5.6 D C 67 0.01 1.82 0.01 0.28 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 16.0 510.6 14.8 241.2 8.4 19.5 2.6 14.4 3.9 D R 64 0.01 1.93 0.01 0.32 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 29.6 470.3 13.4 220.0 8.4 17.9 2.4 10.6 3.3 A C 63 0.01 1.95 0.01 0.33 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 31.1 485.4 9.3 232.3 8.2 21.2 2.7 12.1 3.2 A I 64 0.01 1.93 0.01 0.32 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 34.0 482.2 10.4 259.1 7.8 23.9 2.9 12.2 2.4 A I 64 0.01 1.92 0.01 0.32 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 30.9 491.7 13.2 252.5 8.3 24.0 3.2 13.8 3.3 A R 64 0.01 1.91 0.01 0.32 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 28.2 437.0 11.9 229.7 7.0 20.8 2.2 11.4 4.0 C C 71 0.01 1.70 0.01 0.25 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 24.5 554.3 24.5 357.9 10.2 25.9 3.1 16.1 2.8 C I 66 0.01 1.85 0.01 0.30 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 27.0 487.4 17.0 250.3 9.4 21.5 2.6 14.6 3.6 C R 59 0.01 2.06 0.01 0.37 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.03 50.1 439.3 9.9 261.6 9.4 23.4 3.1 11.9 2.6 1 C = core; I = Intermediate Zone; R = rim 2 [An = Ca / (Ca+Na+K)]*100
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TEXTURAL AND MICROANALYSIS OF IGNEO
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TEXTURAL AND MICROANALYSIS OF IGNEO
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DEDICATION This work is dedicated t
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CHAPTER 2: MAGMA EVOLUTION REVEALED
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3.6.3.1 Crystal Population Origins
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FIGURES 1.1 Magma Chambers . . . .
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TABLES 2.1 MAJOR AND TRACE ELEMENT
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thus been debate within the volcano
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Cambrian schist) including a crysta
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explosive eruption vs. mild effusiv
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tiation (e.g., [84, 98]; Fig. 1.3).
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defined as having crystallinities b
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12 Figure 1.4: Large Igneous Provin
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distribution of crystal sizes (e.g.
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investigating magmatic evolution us
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length dispersive spectroscopy(WDS)
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microdrilling, a pre-cleaned square
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1.7.2 Detroit Seamount, Part of the
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lations. Reprocessing of intrusive
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nucleated homogenously and grew thr
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With accurate partition coefficient
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uniform composition of large volume
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Figure 2.2. Hand sample and thin se
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2.3.1 A Cogenetic Relationship Betw
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Figure 2.4. Stratigraphic section o
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Figure 2.5. Backscatter electron im
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studies of Kwaimbaita basalt by San
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42 Crystal Zone An (mol%) TABLE 2.1
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44 Crystal Zone An (mol%) 63R2 phen
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along the xenolith margins (e.g., F
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are more abundant in phenocrysts fr
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54 Crystal Zone 5 ML-X1 xenolith TA
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56 TABLE 2.2 Continued Crystal Zone
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Figure 2.7. Measured major and trac
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2.5.3.2 Trace Elements It is diffic
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Figure 2.9. Trace element ratio plo
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2.5.4 Resorption Features in Site 1
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should, however, be noted that in t
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2.6.1.2 An-rich OJP Plagioclase: In
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equivocally the roles of H2O, press
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ent magma requires significant clin
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tion driven plumes, or stirring by
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Yamashita, [123], and thus did not
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erally extensive crystal-mush netwo
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asalt at Site 1185 of ODP Leg 192 [
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CHAPTER 3 SHALLOW MAGMA EVOLUTION D
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magma compositions [23, 39, 98]. A
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Figure 3.2. Stratigraphy of basalts
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[118]. No volcaniclastic rocks were
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magmatic crystallization. Using the
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Figure 3.3. A cross polarized light
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3.4.5 Major and Trace Element Data
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3.4.6.1 Partition coefficients for
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3.5.1.2 Site 884 CSDs I measured pl
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Figure 3.5. Plagioclase CSDs of ODP
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106 TABLE 3.2 CSD RESULTS Sample OD
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ln (n) [mm -4 ] ln (n) [mm -4 ] 10
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ulation A crystals are unzoned (An6
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Figure 3.8. a) The majority of Site
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3.5.4.3 Site 1203 Unit 31 and Site
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3.5.5 Trace Elements 3.5.5.1 Measur
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Unit 31 > Site 884 Unit 8 (Table 3.
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3.6 Discussion 3.6.1 Evidence of Cr
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3.6.1.1 Site 1203 Alkalic Basalts a
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etween the different crystal popula
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Unit 14 and 31 magmas accumulated o
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sition is similar to parent magmas
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Sr - low La/Ce population A parent
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The Unit 31 plagioclase CSD is kink
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was dominated by late stage clinopy
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pressure, and growth of An-rich pla
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138 TABLE 3.3 PLAGIOCLASE PHENOCRYS
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140 TABLE 3.3 Continued Sample Zone
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Page 165 and 166: 152 TABLE 3.3 Continued Sample Zone
Page 187 and 188: KP has been done via drilling at 11
Page 189 and 190: and over time crustal wall-rocks be
Page 191 and 192: flow [33]. I selected a single samp
Page 193 and 194: 4.3.4 Major and Trace Element Data
Page 195 and 196: B) C) parafilm splash guard A) tape
Page 197 and 198: of these elements are the better co
Page 199 and 200: 5 mm 5 mm Figure 4.4. Cross polariz
Page 201 and 202: 4.4.2 Electron Probe Microanalysis
Page 203 and 204: An (mol %) An (mol %) An (mol %) An
Page 205 and 206: study exhibit their highest An at t
Page 207 and 208: 4.4.3 LA-ICP-MS - Trace Elements An
Page 209 and 210: 87 86 Sr/ SrI = 0.705722(8) Ba/Sr =
Page 211 and 212: and Rb (Fig. 4.11d,e). 4.4.3.3 Yttr
Page 213 and 214: Sr (ppm) Y (ppm) La (ppm) Ce (ppm)
Page 215: Unit 4 plagioclase rims plagioclase
Page 219 and 220: 4.5 Discussion 4.5.0.1 Origin of Ma
Page 221 and 222: 4.5.0.2 Insights from Trace Element
Page 223 and 224: that other factors influenced the a
Page 225 and 226: C A/B / D A/B C A/B / D A/B Unit 4
Page 227 and 228: Magma chambers tend to form at hori
Page 229 and 230: whole-rock basalt data. Cumulate xe
Page 231 and 232: over short time spans but may be ea
Page 233 and 234: lowing initial Elan Bank magma empl
Page 235 and 236: BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. C. Allegre, A. Prov
Page 237 and 238: 22. B. Charlier, J. Davidson, O. Ba
Page 239 and 240: 46. J. Fitton and M. Godard, Origin
Page 241 and 242: 68. M. Higgins, Measurement of crys
Page 243 and 244: 89. J. Longhi, D. Walker and J. Hay
Page 245 and 246: 100 of Geophysical Monograph, pages
Page 247 and 248: 129. J. Tarduno, W. Sliter, L. Kroe
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