Fugacity: It is derived from Latin, expressed as fleetness or escaping ...

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Partial molar properties and properties of the solution Consider any thermodynamic extensive property (V i, Gi etc) for homogenous system can be determined by knowing the temperature, pressure and various amount of constituents. Let total property of the solution M nM t n n1 n2 n3 1,2,3 represents no of constituents f T, P, n , n , n n Thermodynamic property is a 1 2 For small change in the pressure and temperature and amount of various constituents can be written as t t t t t M M M M dM dP dT dn1 dni P P P P T , n p, n T , p, n n 2 , 3 P, T , n j i At constant temperature and pressure dP and dT are equal to zero. The above equation reduces to i n t t M dM dni i ni P T n j i 1 . , dM t in terms of partial molar property n t dM i1 M i dn i M i is an extensive property depends on composition and relative amount of constituents. All constituent properties at constant temperature and pressure are added to give the property of the solution. dM M 1dn1 M 2dn2 M 3dn3 t dM M x M x M x dn t M M t 3 1 1 2 2 3 3 M 1x1 M 2 x2 M 3x 3 n M 1n1 M 2n M 2 3n 3 t niM i Problem A 30% mole by methanol –water solution is to be prepared. How many m 3 of pure methanol (molar volume =40.7x10 -3 m 3 /mol) and pure water (molar volume = 18.068x10 -6 m 3 /mol) are to be mixed to prepare 2m 3 of desired solution. The partial molar volume of methanol and water in 30% solution are 38.36x10 -6 m 3 /mol and 17.765x10 -6 m 3 /mol respectively. j
Methanol =0.3 mole fraction Water=0.7 mole fraction V t =0.3 x38.36x10 -6 +0.7x17.765x10 -6 =24.025x10 -6 m 3 /mol For 2 m 3 soolution 2 3 83. 246 10 mol 6 24. 02510 Number of moles of methanol in 2m 3 solution =83.246x10 3 x0.3= 24.97x10 3 mol Number of moles of water in 2m 3 solution =83.246x10 3 x07= 58.272x10 3 mol Volume of pure methanol to be taken = 24.97x10 3 x 40.7x10 -3 =1.0717 m 3 Volume of pure water to be taken = 58.272x10 3 x 18.068x10 -6 =1.0529 m 3
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