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In this part . . . N ow that you’re past the network level, it’s time to get down to the nitty-gritty — those fun operating systems you use on a daily basis and have come to both love and hate. I definitely don’t have enough room in this book to cover every operating system version or even every operating system vulnerability, but I certainly hit the important parts — especially the ones that aren’t easily fixed with patches. This part starts by looking at the most widely used (and picked on) operating system — Microsoft Windows. From Windows NT to Windows 8 and Server 2012, I show you some of the best ways to attack these operating systems and secure them from the bad guys. This part then looks at Linux and its less publicized (yet still major) security flaws. Many of the hacks and countermeasures I cover can apply to many other flavors of UNIX as well.
In This Chapter ▶ Port scanning Windows systems Chapter 11 Windows ▶ Gleaning Windows information without logging in ▶ Catching the Windows 8 security flaws you don’t want to overlook ▶ Exploiting Windows vulnerabilities ▶ Minimizing Windows security risks M icrosoft Windows (with such versions as Windows XP; Windows Server 2012; Windows 7; and the newest flavor that many have yet to warm up to, Windows 8) is the most widely used operating system (OS) in the world. It’s also the most widely abused. Is this because Microsoft doesn’t care as much about security as other OS vendors? The short answer is “no.” Sure, numerous security flaws were overlooked — especially in the Windows NT days — but Microsoft products are so pervasive throughout today’s networks that Microsoft is the easiest vendor to pick on; therefore Microsoft products often end up in the bad guys’ crosshairs. The one positive about hackers is that they’re driving the requirement for better security! Many of the security flaws in the headlines aren’t new. They’re variants of vulnerabilities that have been around for a long time in UNIX and Linux, such as the remote procedure call (RPC) vulnerabilities that the Blaster worm exploited. You’ve heard the saying, “The more things change, the more they stay the same.” That applies here, too. Most Windows attacks are preventable if the patches are properly applied. Thus, poor security management is often the real reason Windows attacks are successful, yet Microsoft takes the blame and must carry the burden. In addition to the password attacks I cover in Chapter 7, many other attacks are possible against a Windows-based system. Tons of information can be extracted from Windows by simply connecting to the system across a network and using tools to pull out the information. Many of these tests don’t even require you to be authenticated to the remote system. All someone with malicious intent needs to find on your network is a vulnerable Windows computer with a default configuration that’s not protected by such measures as a personal firewall and the latest security patches.
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Hacking FOR DUMmIES‰ 4TH EDITION
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About the Author Kevin Beaver is an
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Mega thanks to Queensrÿche, Rush,
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Contents at a Glance Introduction .
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Table of Contents Introduction ....
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Table of Contents Performing Social
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Table of Contents Gathering Informa
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Table of Contents Part VI: Ethical
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Introduction W elcome to Hacking Fo
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Introduction Before you start hacki
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Introduction well-known vulnerabili
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Part I Building the Foundation for
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Chapter 1 Introduction to Ethical H
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Ethical
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Obeying the Ethical Hacking Command
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Formulating your plan Chapter 1: In
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Chapter 2 Cracking the Hacker Minds
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Malicious attackers often think and
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Chapter 2: Cracking the Hacker Mind
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In This Chapter Chapter 3 Developin
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Chapter 3: Developing Your Ethical
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Attack tree analysis is the process
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Timing Chapter 3: Developing Your E
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In This Chapter Chapter 4 Hacking M
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Chapter 4: Hacking Methodology no o
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Chapter 4: Hacking Methodology ✓
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Chapter 4: Hacking Methodology One
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Chapter 4: Hacking Methodology test
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Figure 4-1: Netcraft’s web server
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Chapter 4: Hacking Methodology docu
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Penetrating the System Chapter 4: H
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Part II Putting Ethical Hacking in
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In This Chapter ▶ Discovering soc
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Chapter 5: Social Engineering A cas
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Chapter 5: Social Engineering Socia
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Chapter 5: Social Engineering Regar
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Chapter 5: Social Engineering years
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✓ Threatening reprimands if reque
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Chapter 5: Social Engineering In so
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Chapter 5: Social Engineering reque
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In This Chapter Chapter 6 Physical
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Chapter 6: Physical Security A Q&A
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Chapter 6: Physical Security ✓ Do
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Chapter 6: Physical Security ✓ Do
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Chapter 6: Physical Security cellul
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Chapter 6: Physical Security ✓ Ke
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In This Chapter ▶ Identifying pas
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Chapter 7: Passwords A case study i
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Chapter 7: Passwords The National V
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Chapter 7: Passwords they should’
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Chapter 7: Passwords ✓ John the R
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Chapter 7: Passwords Dictionary att
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Chapter 7: Passwords this password
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Chapter 7: Passwords Cracking UNIX/
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Chapter 7: Passwords The financial
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Chapter 7: Passwords (www.identityf
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Chapter 7: Passwords Weak BIOS pass
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Storing passwords Chapter 7: Passwo
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Chapter 7: Passwords your systems.
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Linux and UNIX Chapter 7: Passwords
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Part III Hacking Network Hosts
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In This Chapter ▶ Selecting tools
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Chapter 8: Network Infrastructure U
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Chapter 8: Network Infrastructure
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Chapter 8: Network Infrastructure I
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Chapter 8: Network Infrastructure 3
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Figure 8-3: NetScan- Tools Pro OS F
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Figure 8-5: Management interface us
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Chapter 8: Network Infrastructure W
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Chapter 8: Network Infrastructure C
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Figure 8-8: Connecting a network an
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Figure 8-9: OmniPeek can help uncov
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Chapter 8: Network Infrastructure N
Page 165 and 166: Figure 8-12: Selecting your victim
Page 167 and 168: UNIX-based systems Chapter 8: Netwo
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Page 171 and 172: Chapter 8: Network Infrastructure C
Page 173 and 174: Figure 8-14: Cisco Global Exploiter
Page 175 and 176: In This Chapter ▶ Understanding r
Page 177 and 178: A case study with Joshua Wright on
Page 179 and 180: Discovering Wireless LANs Figure 9-
Page 181 and 182: Figure 9-3: NetStumbler displays de
Page 183 and 184: You undoubtedly have various Blueto
Page 185 and 186: Chapter 9: Wireless LANs Airodump a
Page 187 and 188: Figure 9-8: Using Elcomsoft Wireles
Page 189 and 190: Figure 9-10: The Reaver startup win
Page 191 and 192: Figure 9-12: NetStumbler showing po
Page 193 and 194: Figure 9-15: CommView for Wifi show
Page 195 and 196: Chapter 9: Wireless LANs ✓ If pos
Page 197 and 198: Figure 9-17: Looking for the MAC ad
Page 199 and 200: Figure 9-19: Ensure that your SSID
Page 201 and 202: Chapter 9: Wireless LANs encryption
Page 203 and 204: In This Chapter Chapter 10 Mobile D
Page 205 and 206: Chapter 10: Mobile Devices You have
Page 207 and 208: Figure 10-3: Usernames extracted vi
Page 209 and 210: Chapter 10: Mobile Devices Power-on
Page 211 and 212: Figure 10-5: iOS Forensic Toolkit
Page 213 and 214: Chapter 10: Mobile Devices So, havi
Page 215: Part IV Hacking Operating Systems
Page 219 and 220: Choosing Tools Chapter 11: Windows
Page 221 and 222: Chapter 11: Windows Windows XP SP2
Page 223 and 224: Figure 11-2: Gathering detailed vul
Page 225 and 226: Figure 11-5: Using LanGuard to scan
Page 227 and 228: Figure 11-6: Mapping a null session
Page 229 and 230: ✓ Local usernames ✓ Drive share
Page 231 and 232: Figure 11-9: Default local security
Page 233 and 234: Figure 11-10: Using LanGuard’s sh
Page 235 and 236: Figure 11-11: Exploitable vulnerabi
Page 237 and 238: Figure 11-13: Browsing the availabl
Page 239 and 240: Figure 11-17: Checking final parame
Page 241 and 242: Figure 11-19: Metasploit Pro’s gr
Page 243 and 244: Running Authenticated Scans Figure
Page 245 and 246: In This Chapter ▶ Examining Linux
Page 247 and 248: Chapter 12: Linux A tool such as Qu
Page 249 and 250: Figure 12-3: LanGuard revealing use
Page 251 and 252: Figure 12-6: Using NetScan Tools Pr
Page 253 and 254: Figure 12-7: Using Nmap to check ap
Page 255 and 256: Figure 12-9: Viewing the process ID
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Page 259 and 260: Chapter 12: Linux ✓ Block spoofed
Page 261 and 262: Chapter 12: Linux Manual testing Th
Page 263 and 264: Figure 12-11: /etc/inittab showing
Page 265 and 266: Figure 12-13: Partial output of the
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Part V Hacking Applications
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In This Chapter ▶ Attacking e-mai
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E-mail bombs Chapter 13: Communicat
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Figure 13-1: Limiting the number of
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Figure 13-4: smtpscan gathers versi
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Figure 13-7: Using EmailVerify to v
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Chapter 13: Communication and Messa
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Manual testing Chapter 13: Communic
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Figure 13-11: Critical information
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Figure 13-15: SiVuS discovered seve
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Figure 13-16: Using Cain & Abel to
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In This Chapter Chapter 14 Websites
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Chapter 14: Websites and Applicatio
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Figure 14-1: Using HTTrack to crawl
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Countermeasures against directory t
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Figure 14-2: Using Firefox Web Deve
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Figure 14-3: Using SPI Proxy to fin
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Figure 14-4: WebInspect discovered
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Figure 14-7: Script code reflected
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Figure 14-9: URL returns an error w
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Figure 14-11: The Brutus tool for t
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Figure 14-13: Using CxDeveloper to
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Chapter 15 Databases and Storage Sy
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The Situation Chapter 15: Databases
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Figure 15-2: Using Cain & Abel to c
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Chapter 15: Databases and Storage S
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Figure 15-3: Using FileLocator Pro
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Chapter 15: Databases and Storage S
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Part VI Ethical Hacking Aftermath
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In This Chapter Chapter 16 Reportin
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Chapter 16: Reporting Your Results
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✓ Summary of the vulnerabilities
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In This Chapter Chapter 17 Plugging
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Patch management Chapter 17: Pluggi
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I was once involved in an incident
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Chapter 18 Managing Security Proces
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Chapter 18: Managing Security Proce
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Part VII The Part of Tens
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Chapter 19 Ten Tips for Getting Upp
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Chapter 19: Ten Tips for Getting Up
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Chapter 19: Ten Tips for Getting Up
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Chapter 20 Ten Reasons Hacking Is t
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Chapter 20: Ten Reasons Hacking Is
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Chapter 21 Ten Deadly Mistakes S ev
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Thinking That You Know It All Chapt
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Appendix Tools and Resources T o st
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Exploits Appendix: Tools and Resour
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Keyloggers Appendix: Tools and Reso
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mailsnarf — www.monkey.org/~dugso
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Appendix: Tools and Resources PortS
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Appendix: Tools and Resources pwdum
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Source Code Analysis Storage Checkm
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Appendix: Tools and Resources NIST
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Windows Appendix: Tools and Resourc
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• A • aboveboard, 11 Abuse.net
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Cobb, Chey (author) Network Securit
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802.11 encryption protocols, 165, 1
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Health Insurance Portability and Ac
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malware, 151, 266-267, 355 Managing
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• P • packet filtering, 156 Pan
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Remember icon, 6 remote access serv
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SUSE, 247 SUSE Linux Security Alert
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Virtual Private Network (VPN) servi
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Apple & Mac iPad 2 For Dummies, 3rd
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