Manual for the Design of Pipe Systems and Pumps - GEA ...
Manual for the Design of Pipe Systems and Pumps - GEA ...
Manual for the Design of Pipe Systems and Pumps - GEA ...
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2 Introduction<br />
2.1 <strong>Pipe</strong><br />
systems<br />
2.2 Liquids<br />
The requirements made on process plants steadily increase, both regarding <strong>the</strong><br />
quality <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> products <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> pr<strong>of</strong>itability <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> processes. Making liquids flow solely<br />
due to <strong>the</strong> earth’s gravitational <strong>for</strong>ce is today unthinkable. Liquids are <strong>for</strong>ced through<br />
pipes, valves, heat exchangers, filters <strong>and</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r components, <strong>and</strong> all <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m cause an<br />
increased resistance <strong>of</strong> flow <strong>and</strong> thus pressure drops.<br />
<strong>Pumps</strong> are <strong>the</strong>re<strong>for</strong>e installed in different sections <strong>of</strong> a plant. The choice <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> right pump at<br />
<strong>the</strong> right place is crucial <strong>and</strong> will be responsible <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> success or failure <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> process.<br />
The following factors should be taken into consideration:<br />
1. Installation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> pump<br />
2. Suction <strong>and</strong> delivery pipes<br />
3. The pump type chosen must correspond to product viscosity, product density,<br />
temperature, system pressure, material <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> pump, shearing tendency <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
product etc.<br />
4. The pump size must con<strong>for</strong>m to <strong>the</strong> flow rate, pressure, speed,<br />
suction conditons etc.<br />
As a manufacturer <strong>and</strong> supplier <strong>of</strong> centrifugal pumps <strong>and</strong> positive displacement pumps we<br />
<strong>of</strong>fer <strong>the</strong> optimum <strong>for</strong> both applications.<br />
Generally spoken, <strong>the</strong> pump is a device that conveys a certain volume <strong>of</strong> a specific liquid<br />
from point A to point B within a unit <strong>of</strong> time.<br />
For optimal pumping, it is essential be<strong>for</strong>e selecting <strong>the</strong> pump to have examined <strong>the</strong> pipe<br />
system very carefully as well as <strong>the</strong> liquid to be conveyed.<br />
<strong>Pipe</strong> systems have always special characterstics <strong>and</strong> must be closely inspected <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> choice<br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> appropriate pump. Details as to considerations <strong>of</strong> pipe systems are given in Chapter 6,<br />
"<strong>Design</strong> <strong>of</strong> pumps".<br />
Each liquid possesses diverse characteristics that may influence not only <strong>the</strong> choice <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
pump, but also its configuration such as <strong>the</strong> type <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> mechanical seal or <strong>the</strong> motor.<br />
Fundamental characteristics in this respect are:<br />
• Viscosity (friction losses)<br />
• Corrodibility (corrosion)<br />
• Abrasion<br />
• Temperature (cavitation)<br />
• Density<br />
• Chemical reaction (gasket material)<br />
7<br />
<strong>GEA</strong> Tuchenhagen
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