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BELLUM LAMIAE
323-322 a.C.
B.C.
323.—Alliens rebels against Macedon, and is joined by Aetolia, Locris, Phocis and tlieir neighbours.
Leosthenes, a mercenary captain, goes to Aetolia ; is joined by Aotolians, Locriaus, Phocians, etc., and takes a force
from Aetolia to Thermopylae.
A force of Athenians, marching to join Leosthenes at Thermopylae, is attacked at Plataea by a force of Boeotians,
who are pro- Macedonian. Leosthenes hastens with a detachment, the Boeotians are defeated, and the Athenian
force joins Leosthenes.
Antipater, with his army and a fleet of 110 warships, moves from Macedonia to Thessaly. The Thessalian cavalry,
under Menon of Pharsalus, goes over to the Athenians.
Antipater, on getting near Thermopylae, is defeated in a battle by the allied Greeks, driven into Lamia, and
blockaded there.
The Athenian rebellion is joined by Locris, Doris, Ootaea (except Heraclea), Aenianes, Dolopes, Thessalians (except
Pelinnaeum), Perrhaebi, Achaea Phthiotis (except Thebae), Malis (except Lamia), Alyzia, Ambracia, Lcucas, a party
among the Molossi, Argos, Sicyon, Troezen, Epidaurus, Plilius, Elis, Messene, Carystus in Euboea, some lUyrians
(probably the Taulantii), some Thracians, especially Seuthas, king of the Odrysae, from whom Lysimaclius had to
win his satrapy.
Boeotia remains pro-Macedonian ; while Lacedaemon, Arcadia, Achaea, Corinth, and Megara are neutral.
An indecisive battle is fought between Lysimaclius and Seuthas ; but Lysimachus is unable to bring
Antipater.
help to
Aetolians retire home from Lamia in
Epirotes.
the winter ; perhaps owing to Aetolia being threatened by Acarnanians and
Leosthenes is killed outside Lamia in the winter.
322.—Leonnatus crosses the Hellespont from Asia in the spring, reaches Macedonia, where he collects reinforcements, and
enters Thessaly with a large force to join Antipater.
The (Jreeks are compelled to abandon the siege of Lamia ;
junction of Leonnatus with Antipater.
they move to Melitaea, and then push on to prevent the
The tirceks meet Leonnatus near Pharsalus, where a battle is fought.
is slain.
The Macedonians are defeated and Leonnatus
Antipater joins the defeated Macedonian army on the next day, and he retires with
bank of the Peneus.
his forces probably to the left
The Greeks now command the plains of Thessaly ; but Pelinnaeum remains Macedonian.
To face. Map 13.
Meanwiiile, Athens is at war with Boeotia and Euboea, allies of Macedon. Styra, in Euboea, is destroyed by the
Athenians under Phaedrus.
At sea the Macedonians held the superiority. Euetitm, the Athenian admiral, is twice defeated by eitus
with his Macedonian fleet. One of the battles is at the island of Amorgus ; while in the battle at the Eehinades
Islands the Athenians lose many ships. Apparently the Macedonian fleet was harassing the Aetolian coast, near the
mouth of the Achelous, and the Athenian fleet was sent to help the Aetolians.
Micion, with a Macedonian force and mercenaries, starts from Euboea and lands at Rhamnus.
Phocion, with an Athenian force, meets him there and defeats him. Micion is slain.
Craterus now joins Antipater in Macedonia, and their combined armies advance into Thessaly, and encamp on the
Peneus.
The Greek army retreats, avoiding battle until reinforcements should arrive. They are, however, compelled to fight
at Crannon, and are defeated.
The Greeks now surrender city by city ; and the Athenians have to give up Samus.
Antipater and Craterus are now determined to completely crush the Aetolians who are still in arms.
Aetolia, where they winter, the Aetolians being driven into the mountains.
They march into
Antigonus, satrap of Phrygia, comes in flight to Antipater and Craterus regarding the ambitious designs of Perdiccas.
The three join for war against Perdiccas. Truce is, therefore, made with the Aetolians, and the Macedonian army
withdrawn. Aetolians, however, lose some frontier territory which Antipater gives to Acarnania. Agrinium was
founded on this territory by the Acarnanians. The Aetolians recovered it again in 314 B.C.