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BELLA PER ASIAM ET IN AEGYPTO GESTA
323-321 a.C.
B.C.
323.—The Greek colonists in Bactria revolt and, with Philo at their head, march to force their return to Europe.
Perdiccas sends a force against tliein under Peithon, satrap of Media, who is reinforced by the neigliuouring satraps.
Peithon meets the Greeks near tlie Caspian Gates (Pylae Caspiae), defeats them through treachery, and after some
sham negotiations annihilates them.
On the news of Ale.xander's death, Rhodes expels her Macedonian garrison and makes herself independent.
322.—Perdiccas, with King Philip and tlie royal army, subdues the satrapj' assigned to Kumenes, i.e., Cappadocia, defeating the
Persian Ariarthes in two battles, capturing and executing him. The whole of Cappadocia is now given to Eumenes.
Perdiccas tlien proceeds to subdue two Pisidian towns north of Mt. Taurus, Laranda and Isaura, which had rebelled
before the deatli of Alexander.
Laranda is taken first, then Isaura.
Olympias makes a close alliance with Perdiccas. Antigonus, who was called to account by Perdiccas for not helping
Eumenes, flees to Macedonia.
War declared against Perdiccas by Antipater, Craterus, Antigonus, and Ptolemaeus.
Ptoleniaeus had in the nieautinie secured himself in P]gypt, and had been called in by Cyrene to help against Thibron,
the Lacedaemonian who, with Harpalus' money and ships, had been figliting to make Cyrene a possession of his own.
Cyrene was then added to Ptolemj's dominions and Ophelas made governor.
321.—Perdiccas starts from winter ijuarters in Pisidia for the south, leaving Eumenes as commander in Asia Minor to meet the
attack cf Antipater and Craterus.
Perdiccas reaches Cilicia, deposes the satrap Philotas, a friend of Craterus, and puts Philoxenus in his place. He
sends Docimus to Babylonia to depose the satrap Archon. The latter resists, but is wounded in battle and dies.
Docimus becomes satrap of Babylon.
In Cyprus, Salamis, HoU, Paphus, and Amathus take the side of Ptolemy ; and forces from these towns besiege
Marium by land and sea. Perdiccas orders a fleet to the rescue, and himself marches from Cilicia to Damascus.
About the same time Antipater and Craterus cross the Thracian Chersonese into Asia ; while Antigonus, with
To face Map 14.
a fleet, is welcomed on the Ionic coast, especiall}' at Ephesus.
Antigonus advances from Ephesus to Sardes ; Eumenes escapes from Sardes to Greater Phrygia.
Neoptolcmus, one of Eumenes' associates, goes over to the enemy and commences hostilities. Neoptolemus is
defeated by Eumenes, and flies to Antipater and Craterus.
Neoptolemus and Craterus then march together against Eumenes, and Antipater marches towards Cilicia.
In the battle which takes place between Eumenes on the one side and Neoptolemus and Craterus on tlie other,
Eumenes gains a complete victory, and both Neoptolemus and Craterus are slain. The troops of Craterus now go
and join Antipater in Cilicia.
Meanwhile Perdiccas continues his march from Damascus to the frontiers of Egypt, accompanied by a fleet under
Atlalus.
Perdiccas fails to effect a crossing over the Nile at Pelusium. He then makes an abortive attack on a fort called
Camtlon Teichos. He proceeds to Memphis, where his attempt to cross the Nile is again unsuccessful. He is now
compelled to retreat with heavy loss.
Perdiccas is put to death by his troops.
At this time Antigonus is with his fleet off Cyprus, fighting successfully against the forces of Perdiccas. And
Antipater is still on his march from Cilicia.
Two days after the death of Perdiccas news of Eumenes' victories reaches Egypt.
Eumenes is condenmed to death by the allies.
The Macedonian army leaves Egypt and marches back to Triparadisus in North Sj'ria.
Meeting at Triparadisus of Antigonus and Antipater, where a new partition of provinces is made.