Download this file - TwileShare

BELLUM CUM ANTIOCHO ET NABIS FINIS
193-190 a.C.
D.C.
193.— Nal)is enters inlo alliance with Aetoli.ins and Antiochus of Syria against Rome. He conquers all the coast towns except
(ijthinni, which had been made independent of him in 195 (Eleutherolacones). Gythium he besieges.
The Achaean League declares war against Nabis, sends forces to help Gythium, and asks Rome for help.
192.—Achaeans determine not to wait for arrival of Roman troops, but send their fleet under Tei.son from Aegium to
relieve Gythium.
Nabis sets out from Gythium with his own fleet, meets the Achaean sliips and defeats them. They fly to the
harbour of Patrae.
Part of tlie Lacedaemonian army was posted on the east near Pleiae, between Acreae and Leucae, to protect Laconia.
Philopoemen sets out secretly from Ai-gos b_v sea, lamls near the Laconian camp, captures and burns it.
Philopoenien, soon after, sets out from Megalopolis, plunders Tripolis, and returns before Nabis could send help from
G3'thiuni.
Meanwhile the Achaean army concentrates at Tegea and advances to Carj-ae.
As Gj-thiiim had now surrendered, Nabis, with all his forces, marches to meet Philopoemen.
Pliilopoemen advances from Caryae to Mount Barnosthenes, and from thence towards Pyrrliii-f' camp, which he finds
.already occupied by Nabis. He then, with his Achaeans, suddenly falls on the Laconians, and defeats them in two
engagements.
Nabis flies to Sparta, and is shut in bj' the Achaeans, who now plunder Laconia. Truce is granted to Nabis through
tlie interference of T. Q. Flamininus.
To induce Antiochus of S}'ria to cross over to Europe, Aetolians determine to attack Demctrias, Chalcis and Sparta.
Alexamenus is sent with troops to get possession of Sparta He is welcomed theie, then treacherously puts Nabis to
death, and his troops plunder the town. The Laconi.ans rise against them, kill most and drive the rest out of Laconia.
Thoas is sent against (Jhalcis, which he fails to surprise. The commanders get wind of his scheme, put fortress in
defence, and post troops on the opposite side of the Kuripus at Salganeus. Thoas has to retire.
Diodes is sent iigain.st Demetrias, which he captures.
The Aetolians now assemljle at Lamia ; and Antiochus also arrives there from Ephesus, bj- waj- of the Hellespont,
Inibriis and Sciathus. Antiochus landed at Pteleum, wliere he was met by the Magnetes, who escorted him the next
day to Demetrias, thence he went to Lamia by way of Phalara.
Antiochus and the Aetolians proceed to Chalcis, but fail to induce its commander to come over to their side. Later,
Anticcluis, with his own troops, Aetoli.ans, and his fleet, proceeds against Chalcis, which surrenders.
A det.ichnient of .WU Romans are cut to pieces at Delium, though war was not j'et declared.
Rome now declares war against Antiochus.
Antioclius marches into Thessaly to Pherae, meets Philip of Macedon, who declares himself on the side of Rome.
Antiochus wins Phthiotian Thebes and otlier places of Phthiotis. Pherae and Scotussa surrender to him, he subdues
Crannon, Cierium and Metropolis, then marches to Larissa, which was hostile to him.
Outside Larissa Antiochus is joined by Amj'nander, king of Athamania, who had allied himself with the Aetolivns;
and als© by the Aetolians who had ad\anced into Perrhaebia, won Malloea and Cyretia, and ravaged Tripolis on the
upper Europus.
Antiochus was on the point of going to attack Phar.salus, when 2,000 Romans under Appius Claudius appear on the
heights above tionnus.
Antiochus raises the siege of Larissa and retreats to Demetrias ; the Aetolians return home.
Antiochus makes his
supporter of his cause.
winter quarters at Chalcis, where he marries a Eubocan lady. All Euboea becomes a strong
191.—Antiochus assendjlcs Ids forces at Chaeionea, marches through Phocis to Delphi, thence to Naupactus to a meeting of the
Aetolian Council. He then goes past Calydon and Lysimachia to Stratus, where he is joinee himself hurries
forsvard with c.avalrv and meets Philip of Macedon at Limnacum.
Acilius captures Pelinnaeum. then reaches Larissa, and marches through Crannon, Pharsalus, Scotussa and Pherae
to Procina.
The Aetolians at Thaumaci occupy the wooded passes in front of their town to resist the Romans. The Romans,
however, surround them, capture the town, and put most of the defenders to the sword.
The next day the Romans reach the banks of the Sperchius, and plunder the lands of Hypata, the capital of the
Aenianes.
All this time Antiochus was trying in vain to get satisfactory reinforcements from Asia. At last, with what forces
he could get, he goes to Lamia, and sunnnons the Aetolians, who respond fccl.^l\'. Antiochus himself then retires
to the pass of Tliermopylae, and sends 2,000 Aetolians to Hypata, aiul 2,000 to Heraclea.
Acilius arrives and pitches the Roman camp at the " Warm Baths" outside Thermopylae.
To face Map 28.