Research Abstracts on Child Labour Women Labour - Nipccd
Research Abstracts on Child Labour Women Labour - Nipccd
Research Abstracts on Child Labour Women Labour - Nipccd
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Landless <strong>Labour</strong><br />
Kumar, Hajira et al. (2004).<br />
Victims of social injustice : landless labourer women in the states of Delhi, Haryana<br />
and Uttar Pradesh : a study (executive summary). New Delhi : Sarojini Naidu Centre<br />
for <strong>Women</strong>'s Studies. 236 p.<br />
Key Words : 1.WOMEN LABOUR 2.LANDLESS LABOUR 3.SOCIAL INJUSTICE 4.WOMEN<br />
LANDLESS LABOURERS 5.AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS 6.POOR WOMEN 7.VULNERABLE GROUPS<br />
8.VULNERABLE WOMEN 9.DELHI 10.HARYANA 11.UTTAR PRADESH.<br />
Abstract : Landless unorganized female labour force is probably <strong>on</strong>e of the most vulnerable<br />
secti<strong>on</strong>s of society. In India, 97% of the labour force works in the unorganized sector.<br />
NSSO Survey 53 rd Round (1997) showed that 57% of the women in rural areas are self<br />
employed, 2.1% are regular employees and 40.9% are casual labourers. The purpose of the<br />
study was to address the issue of landless unorganized female labour force in India. The<br />
sample for the study c<strong>on</strong>sisted of 750 Land Less <strong>Labour</strong>er <strong>Women</strong> (LLLW), 250 each from<br />
Delhi, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. The main objective was to suggest measures that could<br />
bring about improvement in LLLW’s lifestyle, profile and socio-ec<strong>on</strong>omic status. LLLWs are<br />
victims of social injustice as 85% were illiterate and <strong>on</strong>ly 15% had reached primary level of<br />
educati<strong>on</strong>. Am<strong>on</strong>g the 108 LLLWs who were above 50 years, 67 were widows. 90% of the<br />
LLLWs bel<strong>on</strong>ged to the backward (OBC) or schedule castes (SCs) and scheduled tribes<br />
(STs). Majority of resp<strong>on</strong>dents were from Uttar Pradesh as landlessness is more comm<strong>on</strong><br />
there. Only 7% of the resp<strong>on</strong>dents had their own land and over 90% were landless. Gender<br />
disparity can be judged by the fact that literacy level of LLLW was 15%, while that of their<br />
husbands was 50%. 90% of the households were headed by men. Out of 80 households<br />
headed by women, 76 were widows. Nearly 40% of the resp<strong>on</strong>dents wished to educate their<br />
boys for alternate occupati<strong>on</strong>s. Barely 17% wished their daughters to study and <strong>on</strong>ly 3%<br />
discussed about the career of their girls. 60% of LLLWs had m<strong>on</strong>thly income between<br />
Rs. 2000 to Rs. 4000; 30% had income less than Rs. 2000 and <strong>on</strong>ly 10% had more than Rs.<br />
4000. Apart from seas<strong>on</strong>al agricultural work, 97.61% worked as domestic help/ workers.<br />
About 84% of the LLLWs income was spent <strong>on</strong> food and less than 1% <strong>on</strong> educati<strong>on</strong>. LLLWs<br />
faced multifarious problems such as sexual harassment, wage differential and indebtedness.<br />
Only 2% could say ‘no’ to the work place harassment (WPH) and <strong>on</strong>ly 7% had good work<br />
86<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Research</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Abstracts</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> <strong>Child</strong> <strong>Labour</strong>, <strong>Labour</strong> and <strong>Women</strong> <strong>Labour</strong> 1998 - 2009