Research Abstracts on Child Labour Women Labour - Nipccd

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Unorganised Sector/ Labour Regarding health security, about 19% households did not have access to public health care facilities, the figures being 25% in rural and 7% in urban areas. Self employed agricultural workers (27%) living in rural areas did not have access to health facilities. Casual workers were more illiterate (51%) and had more irregular work (44%), while 86% of the salaried workers were literate and only 1% had irregular work. Despite having a school in the neighbourhood, a significant proportion (24%) did not send their children to school. Children of school going age who were not going to school was comparatively high among women headed households (27%) and casual workers (31%). About 16% households did not own the house they lived in and were most insecure. Household insecurity was 28% in urban areas and 17% of households were living in non permanent houses. About 17% workers belonged to an organization of their interest at work, and this was higher among SEWA women workers (52%). A high proportion of workers utilized saving facilities (79%) and this was higher in rural areas (88%). About 66% workers in rural and urban areas had undertaken renovation of their houses, and 14% workers utilized the credit facility for housing, especially in urban areas (24%). A conceptual frame work depicted two sources of insecurities faced by workers in the informal economy; one which arose through random shocks or crisis and hit households from time to time, and secondly structural features, which were more or less permanent. In this rapidly changing scenario, to provide social protection to them would mean huge costs, and any policy intervention in this sphere will have to address the issue of mobilizing resources. The role of civil society and member based organizations can not be ignored. Upadhyay, Vandana. (2007). Employment and earnings in urban informal sector : a study on Arunachal Pradesh. Noida : V.V. Giri National Labour Institute. 92 p. Key Words : 1.LABOUR 2.INFORMAL SECTOR 3.URBAN INFORMAL SECTOR 4.INCOME 5.URBAN AREAS 6.MICRO ENTERPRISES 7.ARUNACHAL PRADESH. Abstract : The present study was carried out to know the nature and quality of employment in the urban informal sector in Arunachal Pradesh. Both primary and secondary data sources were used. Primary data was gathered from 150 selected enterprises in three urban localities of Itanagar, Nirjuli and Naharlagun. The variety of enterprises covered in the survey were auto repairing services (16%), hotels and restaurants (9.3%), petty trading in vegetables (6.7%), fabrication units (10%) and furniture shops (10%), etc. 12.7% of the enterprises were less than one year old, 38% enterprises were 2-5 years old, 30% enterprises were 6-10 years old, and the remaining 19.3% were more than 10 years old. 39.3% were Own Account Enterprises (OAEs), while the remaining 60.7% were 81 <strong>Research</strong> <strong>Abstracts</strong> on Child Labour, Labour and Women Labour 1998 - 2009
Unorganised Sector/ Labour establishments, employing at least one hired labourer. In the retail trade and hotels and restaurants group 58.3% were OAEs, 75% enterprises in transport and communication were OAEs, and 20% of the enterprises in manufacturing and processing were OAEs. 18% of the enterprises were operating without premises and these were mainly involved in transport, petty trading in textiles and vegetables. Of the total enterprises surveyed, 19.3% operated without any electricity and the rest had access to electricity. 32.0% of the enterprises operated with only one worker, 24% employed between 2 to 3 workers, 26.7% employed 4 to 5 workers, and 17.3% employed 6 to 9 workers. 18% of the enterprises were managed by female entrepreneurs. 42% of all enterprises in the category retail trade, hotels and restaurants were owned and operated by females; 21% of the total were owned by scheduled castes, and the rest by others. 9.3% of the entrepreneurs were illiterate, 5.3% had studied up to Class 11 or 12, and 1.3% had studied beyond that. 79.3% of the entrepreneurs did not want to expand their operations. 32.3% of the total workers in this study were females. Migrants constituted 86.2% of the total workers. The mean working hours per day in different occupation categories were Construction 8.10, Rickshaw pulling 9.70, Auto repair 8.85, Hotel and Restaurants 8.65, Petty trading 6.90, Domestic service 7.60, IT and Communication 8.33, Handicrafts 7.86. 98.5% of the informal sector workers did not have any paid leave. 68% received their wages in cash and 32% got their wages partly in cash and partly in kind. 60% received their wages on monthly basis, 19.4% received daily wages, 16.3% got weekly salaries, while 4% workers received irregular payments. 50% of the recruitments were done on the basis of personal contacts, and 45% of the contacts were made through relatives and friends. Only 4% of the recruitments were through agents or sardars. 55% of the workers have not changed their employers during the past one year, but 19.4% changed employers very frequently. Female workers, on an average, earned Rs. 2242 per month, while male workers earned Rs. 2685 per month. Self employed workers in the informal sector earned Rs. 2837.50 per month, while hired workers earned Rs. 2445 per month. It was suggested that credit facilities should be available to entrepreneurs in the informal sector on the same terms as is given for modern enterprises. There is an urgent need to make provisions for their welfare through awareness building as well as meaningful state support. There is a special need for safeguarding the rights of migrant workers. 82 <strong>Research</strong> <strong>Abstracts</strong> on Child Labour, Labour and Women Labour 1998 - 2009
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Brass Industry Research</st
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Brick Industry Ghosh, Ruma. (2004).
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Child Abuse Impulse NGO Network Shi
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Drug Abuse Mohan, Jitendra, et al.
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Elimination of Child Labour conceiv
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Elimination of Child Labour M. Venk
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Page 54 and 55: Germ Industry Mathur, Kanchan and G
Page 56 and 57: Glass Industry Ghosh Singh, Ruma an
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Page 60 and 61: Health Status Nagda, B.L. (2005). S
Page 62 and 63: Hotel Industry Chenniappan, K. (199
Page 64 and 65: Hosiery Industry Yamuna, T. V. and
Page 66 and 67: Innovative Projects 49 Rese
Page 68 and 69: Knitwear Industry Jayaranjan, J. (2
Page 70 and 71: Knife Industry Ghosh, Ashish and Se
Page 72 and 73: Lock Industry Laskar, Baharul Islam
Page 74 and 75: National Child Labour Project Mishr
Page 76 and 77: Rag Pickers Sekar, Helen R. (2004).
Page 78 and 79: Rehabilitation International Labour
Page 82 and 83: Situation Analysis Bukhari, Fouzia.
Page 84 and 85: Slum Children Bauwant, Kalpana. (19
Page 88 and 89: Unorganised Sector Verma, Vandana.
Page 90 and 91: Beedi Workers Research</str
Page 92 and 93: Chikan Industry Singh, Ajit Kumar a
Page 94 and 95: Street Hawkers/ Vendors Anand, Ruth
Page 96 and 97: Unorganised Sector/ Labour Unni, Je
Page 100 and 101: Wages Singh, C.S.K. (2002). Cash an
Page 102 and 103: Domestic Workers Research</
Page 106 and 107: Unorganised Sector Rani, Uma. (2005
Page 108 and 109: Women Construction Workers Mathew,
Page 110 and 111: Women Construction Workers Vanker,
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