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228 C. VARGA, M. MARIAN, A. PETER, D. BOLTEA, L. MIHALY-COZMUTA, E. NOUR As we have monitored the process of imbibition of seeds with Cu 2+ ions (see Figures 2(e) and (f)) we have noticed the trend of these ions to agglomerate on the cellular wall [3, 5, 18] (red lines between cells) and in the tegument, regardless of the concentration and origination of seeds. We have conducted the microscopic analysis of seeds impregnated with Zn 2+ ions (see Figures 2(g) and (h)) and Pb 2+ ions (not shown) exactly as we did to research the imbibition process with Cu 2+ ions. We have in this case noticed that regardless of concentration and origination of seeds, the ions agglomerate on the cellular wall (brown lines between cells, for Zn 2+ ) and on the tegument. Table 1 gives the range of concentrations we have used for the metal ions. We have concluded, as outcome valid for all the metal ions, that the higher their initial concentration was (as in Figure 3), the higher the concentration of metal in seeds is. We have prepared our initial solutions with the pH ranging between 3,99 and 5. 41 (as revealed in Table 1) and with weak acidity. The process by which Pistacia vera L. removes Pb 2+ ions from aqueous solutions takes place with maximum efficiency (ca. 93,8–95,1%) at a pH ranging from 3,5 to 5,5, as demonstrated by Yetilmezsoy et. al. [19]. The absorption of metal ions into seeds subsides at low pH (namely at high concentrations of hydrogen), as hydrogen ions compete with those of metals in the attempt to penetrate the plant [20]. As the pH grows above 7, a decline in mobility of the metal ions in aqueous solutions translates into those ions lower probability to reach and penetrate the seed. [21]. The influence of P. vulgaris seeds provenience on the Cu content in seeds is illustrated in Figure 4. Seeds originating in non-metalliferous area (Oarta de Jos) display a higher concentration in copper than seeds in metalliferous area (Ferneziu). Zinc and lead displays a behavior comparable to copper, as confirmed during our optical microscopic analyses. The ability of plants to inactivate the heavy metal by binding the excess and/or by changing the chemical composition and physical organization of their cell membranes [3] stands as explanation for this outcome. Moreover, the plants growing on polluted areas develop, in time, some mechanisms to survive in drastically ecologic conditions. The selection of this kind of resistant plants constitutes during the time a particularly ecotype. Iron makes the exception to the above – mentioned behavior. Figure 5 reveals how the origin of seeds has an influence on the Fe content. Seeds originating in non-metalliferous areas (Oarta de Jos) display a lower Fe concentration than the seeds from metalliferous sites (Ferneziu).
STRATEGIES OF HEAVY METAL UPTAKE BY PHASEOLUS VULGARIS SEEDS GROWING … Table 1. Particularities of the metal ions investigated in P. vulgaris seeds. Sample ID Seed [Metal Provenience ion] 2+ [Metal initial/pH (mg / L) ion] 2+ [Metal soil (mg / Kg) ion] 2+ RSD seed (mg/Kg) (%) * Fe–10 F 10 / 4,46 40,4 1,9 Fe-50 F 50 / 3. 99 15 287,5 138,2 7,3 Fe-250 F 250 / 3,51 979,2 1,8 Reference - 30,5 4,7 Cu-10 F 10 / 4,62 36,9 1,6 Cu-20 F 20 / 4,58 153,2 37,6 0,2 Cu-25 F 25 / 4,65 115,5 0,2 Ferneziu Reference - 0 0 Zn-5 F 5 / 5,07 63,6 6,5 Zn-10 F 10 / 5,41 93,64 93,3 1,8 Zn-15 F 15 / 4,7 150,4 0,8 Reference - 29,4 0,2 Pb-100 F 100 / 4,84 5. 067,4 7,3 Pb-1. 000 F 1. 000 / 4,68 357,89 13. 793,4 0,3 Pb-10. 000 F 10. 000 / 4,33 Reference 92. 247, 1 1,4 - 8,1 14,5 Fe-10 O 10 / 4,46 56,1 3,4 Fe-50 O 50 / 3. 99 11 952,52 60,5 16,1 Fe-250 O 250 / 3,51 454,5 4,0 Reference - 29,5 4,0 Cu-10 O 10 / 4,62 72,4 1,2 Cu-20 O 20 / 4,58 14,61 104,3 0,3 Cu-25 O 25 / 4,65 151,2 0,01 Reference Zn-5 O Oarta de Jos - 5 / 5,07 0 86,9 0 3,1 Zn-10 O 10 / 5,41 40,41 102,5 1,0 Zn-15 O 15 / 4,7 172,7 1,3 Reference - 23,4 0,5 Pb-100 O 100 / 4,84 3. 989,4 2,4 Pb-1. 000 O 1. 000 / 4,68 40,13 18. 396,1 0,9 Pb-10. 000 O 10. 000 / 4,33 87. 442,1 0,9 Reference - 8,2 21,3 * RSD was determined from three parallel measurements. 229
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R /(mol m -2 s -1 ) 0.06 0.05 0.04
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ANA-MARIA CORMOS, JOZSEF GASPAR, AN
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Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai C
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6 PROFESSOR IOAN BÂLDEA AT HIS 70
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MARCELA ACHIM, DANA MUNTEAN, LAURIA
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STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI,
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STUDIES ON WO3 THIN FILMS PREPARED
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PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF
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32 C. CĂŢĂNAŞ, M. MOGOŞ, D. HO
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34 C. CĂŢĂNAŞ, M. MOGOŞ, D. HO
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C. CĂŢĂNAŞ, M. MOGOŞ, D. HORVA
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38 ANA-MARIA CORMOS, JOZSEF GASPAR,
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ANA-MARIA CORMOS, JOZSEF GASPAR, AN
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50 EUGEN DARVASI, LADISLAU KÉKEDY-
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MATHEMATICAL MODELING FOR THE CRYST
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STUDY OF THE CHROMATOGRAPHIC RETENT
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LOWER RIM SILYL SUBSTITUTED CALIX[8
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THE INTERACTION OF SILVER NANOPARTI
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OPTIMISATION OF COPPER REMOVAL FROM
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MELINDA-HAYDEE KOVACS, DUMITRU RIST
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IRON DOPED CARBON AEROGEL AS CATALY
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128 ANDRADA MĂICĂNEANU, HOREA BED
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ANDRADA MĂICĂNEANU, HOREA BEDELEA
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CRISTINA MIHALI, GABRIELA OPREA, EL
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144 CRISTINA MIHALI, GABRIELA OPREA
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146 Interfering ion, J - I - DBS -
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CONCLUSIONS 148 CRISTINA MIHALI, GA
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150 CRISTINA MIHALI, GABRIELA OPREA
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152 D. MIHU, L. VLASE, S. IMRE, C.
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154 Intens. x105 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 x1
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D. MIHU, L. VLASE, S. IMRE, C. M. M
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162 A. PETER, M. BAIA, F. TODERAS,
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164 (a) V relative [%] (c) V relati
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