A synoptic account of the Fagaceae of Thailand

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66 THAI FOREST BULLETIN (BOTANY) 34 Vernacular.— Ko paen (°àÕ·ªÑπ), ko rang (°àÕÀ√— Ëß), ko (°àÕ), kao kwang (°«â“«°«“ß), ko ti (°àÕµ’), ma ko (¡–°àÕ), ko nam (°àÕÀπ“¡) (Northeastern). Uses.— Nuts edible. 11. Castanopsis echidnocarpa Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 119. 1863; A.DC., J. Bot. 1: 182. 1864; A.DC. in A.P. de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 112. 1864; C.C.Huang, Y.T.Chang & B.M.Bartol. in C.Y.Wu & P.H.Raven, Fl. China, 4: 330. 1999.— Castanea echidnocarpa Hook.f. & Thomson ex A.DC., in A.P. de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 112. 1864.— Castanopsis tribuloides (Smith.) A.DC. var. echidnocarpa (A.DC.) King ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 623. 1888; Brandis, Indian Trees, ed 3: 635. 1906. Thailand.— NORTHERN: Chiang Mai, Nan, Lampang, Lamphun; NORTHEASTERN: Loei; EASTERN: Si Sa Ket; SOUTHWESTERN: Kanchanaburi; PENINSULAR: Chumphon, Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Satun, Songkhla. Distribution.— Bangladesh, Bhutan, India (Khasi, type), Nepal, Myanma, China. Ecology.— Lower montane forest, oak-pine forest, dry evergreen forest, mixed deciduous and deciduous dipterocarp forest, often by streams, alt. 50–1600 m (ususally 700–1200 m). Flowering April–Jan. (usually April–Sept.), fruiting March–Dec. (usually Aug.– Oct.). Vernacular.— Ko paen (°àÕ·ªÑπ), ko dueai (°àÕ‡¥◊Õ¬), ko kaeo (°àÕ·°â«) (Northern); ko khao (°àÕ¢â“«) (Northeastern); ko khao (°àÕ¢“«), ko mu (°àÕÀ¡Ÿ), ko nam (°àÕÀπ“¡) (Peninsular). Uses.— Nuts edible (often mixed with C. tribuloides nuts). 12. Castanopsis ferox (Roxb.) Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 11: 185. 1842; C.C.Huang, Y.T.Chang & B.M.Bartol. in C.Y.Wu & P.H.Raven, Fl. China 4: 327. 1999.—Quercus ferox Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 3: 638. 1832. Fig. 6. Thailand.— NORTHERN: Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Nan, Phrae; SOUTHWESTERN: Kanchanaburi. Distribution.— India, Bangladesh, Myanma (type), Laos, Vietnam. Ecology.— Lower montane forest, alt. 820–1650 m (usually 1200–1400 m). Flowering March–Dec. (usually Dec.), fruiting Feb.–Dec. (frequently Dec.). Vernacular.— Ko laem (°àÕ·À≈¡), ko dueai (°àÕ‡¥◊Õ¬), ma ko mu (¡–°àÕÀ¡Ÿ). 13. Castanopsis fissa (Champ. ex Benth) Rehder & E.H.Wilson in C.S. Sargent, Pl. Wilson 3: 203. 1916; Barnett, Quer. Rel. Fag. Asia: 191d. 1940; Barnett, Trans. & Proc. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh 34: 336. 1944; C.C.Huang, Y.T.Chang & B.M.Bartol. in C.Y.Wu & P.H.Raven, Fl. China, 4: 320. 1999.— Quercus fissa Champ. ex Benth., Hook., J. Bot. 6: 114. 1854; A.DC., in A.P. de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 104. 1864.— Pasania fissa (Champ. ex Benth.) Oerst., Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1866: 76. 1866; Hickel & A.Camus in H.Lecomte, Fl. Indo-Chine 5: 1005. 1930.— Castanea regia Hance, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., IV, 18: 231. 1862.— Synaedrys fissa (Champ. ex Benth.) Koidz., Bot. Mag. (Tokyo), 30: 187. 1916.—
A SYNOPTIC ACCOUNT OF THE FAGACEAE OF THAILAND (C. PHENGKLAI) 67 Figure 6. Castanopsis ferox (Roxb.) Spach: A. twig, leaves and male inflorescences; A-1 male flower cluster, A-2 male flower, A-3 sepal and stamens; B. infructescence (van Beusekom & Phengklai 2343), B-1 young acorn, B-2 spines, B-3 insertion of spines, B-4 nut.
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A synoptic account of the Fagaceae of Thailand

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