A synoptic account of the Fagaceae of Thailand

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THAI FOREST BULLETIN (BOTANY) 34
xylocarpa (Kurz) Koidz., Bot. Mag. (Tokyo), 30: 190. 1916.— Pasania capusii Hickel &
A.Camus, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., X, 3: 404. 1921; Hickel & A.Camus in H.Lecomte, Fl. Indo-
Chine 5: 995.1930. Fig 38.
Thailand.— NORTHERN: Chiang Mai.
Distribution.— China, Myanma (type), India, Laos, Vietnam.
Ecology.— Lower and upper montane forests, alt. 1400–2400 m. Flowering and
fruiting Oct.–Dec.
Vernacular.— Ko satit (°àÕ ∑‘µ) (Northern).
3. QUERCUS*
L., Gen. Pl. ed. 5: 413. 1754; A.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 2. 1864; Benth. & Hook.,
Gen. Pl. 3: 407. 1880; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 600. 1888; Prantl in H.G.A.Engl. & K.A.E.Prantl,
Nat. Pflazenfam. 3(1): 55. 1888; King, Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 2: 19. 1889; A.Camus,
Chänes, Texte 1: 7. 1938; Barnett, Trans. & Proc. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh 33: 329. 1942;
Hutchinson, Gen. Fl. Pl. 2: 13. 1967; Soepadmo, Gard. Bull. Singapore 22: 355. 1968; Soepadmo,
Fl. Males. 7(2): 385. 1972.— Cyclobalanopsis Oerst., Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist.
Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1866: 77. 1866; C.C.Huang, Y.T.Chang & B.M.Bartol. in C.Y.Wu &
P.H.Raven, Fl. China 4: 380. 1999.
Deciduous or evergreen trees rarely shrubs. Branchlets initially densely tomentose
or brownish, stiff, pubescent, glabrescent. Terminal buds usually ovoid, conical or ellipsoid,
usually densely crowded. Stipules extrapetiolar, caducous. Leaves spirally arranged or
rarely pseudo-whorled, serrate, dentate or lobed, rarely entire, very variable in form and size
even within the species, glabrous to densely pubescent or tomentose. Inflorescences with
male and female flowers separate on same branch. Male inflorescences solitary or in
paniculate clusters of pendulous catkins, in upper leaf scars or subterminal below new
shoots. Female inflorescences erect, solitary spikes, axillary. Male flowers solitary or in
clusters of 3–4; perianth scarious, 4–6 lobed, the lobes connate at base, densely tomentose.
Stamens (4–)6, anther basifixed, dehiscing with a longitudinal slit, usually hairy. Rudimentary
ovary always absent. Female flowers always solitary, perianth (4–)6 lobed, staminodes
absent or 5–7. Styles 3(–6), cylindrical, more or less recurved, free or connate at base;
stigmas broadly capitate, glabrous. Ovary cells as many as styles. Cupule cup or saucershaped,
obconic or obovoid-globose, lamellate, hairy on both sides, lamellae imbricate or
ring-like and in 5–12 lines. Fruit ovoid, globose or turbinate, nut partly or nearly completely
enclosed by a cupule from which it is free; scar present and noticeable.
A genus of about 600 species widely distributed through North & South America,
North Africa and Europe into the Asian tropics and subtropics. Twenty-nine species are
indigenous to Thailand.
* with T. Boonthavikoon & P. Phonsena, The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant
Conservation Department, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.