CRAPHIS ScnIPTA - Universitetet i Oslo

GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 5 (1ee3)
,|mm,
Figure 1. Staurolemma omphalaioides (from
Galun 1970).
L963), and different form of lichenization
(algae penetrated by fungal haustoria). Our
lichen definitely belongs in the Collemataceae,
close to Physma. Dughi (1946) regarded the
anatomical differences in the thallus to be
insufficient to accept the genus Staurolemma
K0rber, based on this species, as distinct, and
instead created a section Gymnophysma within
Physma for it. Although anatomical differences
should be used with care when establishing
genera, we do not hesitate to accept
Staurolemma. In terms of its habit and distribution
pattern this genus is quite distinct from
Physma, which has a special thallus anatomy.
The nearly leatherlike (when dry) upper pseudocortex
consists of compacted, intricately
intervowen hyphae, and on the lower surface
the hyphae form numerous tufted rhizohyphae
which completely cover the surface, features
not at all found in Staurolemma. Furthermore
Physma has a I+ blue hymeniuffi, and a
distinct amyloid ring-structure in the asci. In
Staurolemma only the lower part of the
hymenium and the ascus wall react with
iodine, and there are no amyloid apical
structures in the asci.
Physma omphalarioides 13
The closest relative of Staurolemma
appears instead to be Ramalodium Nyl., a
genus originally described from Australia
(Henssen 1%5). This genus has a similar
thallus-anatomy, but the apothecia do not
have a thalline margin. However, the development
of the apothecia in Staurolemma is basically
the same as that found in Ramalodium
(Henssen 1979), and further studies are necessary
to evaluate the taronomic importance of
this difference.
Staurolemma omphalarioides (Anzi)
P. M. IArg. & Henssen, comb. nov.
Collema omphalaioides Arzi, Comm. Soc.
critt. Ital. 1(3): 131 $frez} Physma
omphalaioides (Anzi) Arnold, Flora 50: 1,19
(1867). Lempholemma omphalarioides
(Anzi) hhlbr., Catal. Lich. Univ.3: 19 (1924).
- Type: Italy, "Ad castanearum cupressuumque
cortice Fiesole, Monte S. Giuliano, Anzr"
(Lich. Rar. etr. 46, BM, lectotype, selected
here; isolectotypes FH!, O!, UPS!).
Staurolemma dalmaticum Korber, Verh.
zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 17: 706 (1867).
Physma dalmaticum (Korber) hhlbr., Ann.
K. K. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 5: 47 (1890).
Typet "ad quercuum vetustarum cortices circa
Obornik Dalmatiae nec non ad Phillyreae
truncos prope Karagiurgievic in Herzegowina,
leg. Dr. Weiss" (L, lectotype, selected here;
isolectotypes distributed in Lich. Sel. Germ.
329, O!, UPS!)
Physma hispanicum Samp., Congr. Sevilla
Ass. esp. Progr. Cien. 8: 136 (1917) - Lempholemma
hispanicum (Samp.) hhlbr., Catal.
Lich. Univ. 3: 17 (1924). - Type' "Hab. prope
Malacam, ex. hb. Haenseler L844" (Herb.
Willkomm, COI, holotype)
Thallus foliose in rounded olivaceus black
cushions up to 3 cm diam, swelling and gelatinous
when wet, composed of more or less
ligulate lobules, most of which are ascendent,
producing apothecia marginally; upper surface
markedly wrinkled when dry, more or less
covered in granular, isidia-like structures.