2 Why We Need Model-Based Testing

12 Describe, Analyze, Test
testing on interesting scenarios, and to express temporal properties to check during
analysis.
Chapter 8 introduces model-based testing for closed systems (fully controllable
systems with no nondeterminism). We show how to generate test suites using the
tool otg (Offline Test Generator). We show how to write a test harness for the
implementation, and how to execute the generated test suites using our test runner
tool ct (Conformance Tester). We discuss test coverage.
Part III extends our methods to “infinite” models that cannot be analyzed exhaustively.
Chapter 10 describes modeling with data types that have “infinite” domains, such
as numbers and strings, and collection types, such as sets, bags, sequences, and
maps, which provide rich data structures.
Chapter 11 is about analyzing systems with complex state. It discusses pruning
techiques for sampling or finitizing “infinite” state spaces.
Chapter 12 introduces on-the-fly testing, where the test scenarios are created as
the test executes, as a strategy for testing systems with “infinite” state space.
Part IV discusses several advanced topics. In contrast with previous parts, the
presentation here is not sequential so you may read these chapters in any order.
Chapter 14 discusses composition as a technique for building up complex models
from simple ones.
Chapter 15 discusses modeling with objects. We explain the complications that
are introduced by objects and describe the solutions provided by the library and
tools.
Chapter 16 discusses reactive systems that include observable actions that cannot
be controlled by the tester. We discuss on-the-fly testing as a strategy for dealing
with nondeterminism.
There are several appendices.
Appendix A describes the attributes and classes provided by the modeling library,
which are used for writing model programs.
Appendix B describes the command-line options for mpv (Model Program Viewer),
otg (Offline Test Generator), and ct (Conformance Tester).
Appendix C is a glossary that provides definitions for all of the terms that are
printed in italics where they first appear.
This book also provides a bibliography and an index.
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