2 Why We Need Model-Based Testing

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300 <strong>Model</strong>ing Library Reference LastIndexOf(T) Returns the zero-based index of the last occurrence of the given object in the sequence, or -1 if it doesn’t occur. Remove(T) Returns a sequence that is identical to the current sequence but without the first occurrence of the element given as the argument. Reverse() Returns a sequence whose elements are the same as the current sequence but in reverse order. Unzip(Sequence) (Static method.) Returns a pair of sequences whose elements are drawn from a sequence of pairs. ZipSequence, Sequence (Static method.) Returns a sequence of pairs of elements from the sequences given as arguments. etc. . . . Many more methods are described in the library documentation. Properties The following entries describe some of the methods of this type. Several more are described in the library documentation. Count Gets the number of elements contained in the sequence. Front Returns the subsequence of the current sequence where the last element is removed. Head Returns the first element of the sequence. Throws an exception if the sequence is empty. IsEmpty Returns true if the sequence has no elements. Returns false otherwise. Item(int) Gets the element at the specified index. This is the C# indexer operator. Note: This is a linear-time lookup provided for convenience when sequences have only a few elements or when accessing elements near the beginning or end of a larger sequence. The data type ValueArray is better suited to large numbers of elements that require frequent random access but infrequent addition or removal more free ebooks download links at: http://www.ebook-x.com
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CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridg
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vi Contents 2.7 Some simple scenari
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viii Contents 8.5 Limitations of of
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x Contents V Appendices A Modeling
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xii Preface specification, or appli
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xiv Preface one of the main purpose
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xvi Acknowledgments as evolving alg
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4 Describe, Analyze, Test We also t
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6 Describe, Analyze, Test do behave
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8 Describe, Analyze, Test To use ct
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10 Describe, Analyze, Test Concept
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12 Describe, Analyze, Test testing
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14 Why We Need Model-Based Testing
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32 3 Why We Need Model-Based Analys
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34 Why We Need Model-Based Analysis
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54 Further Reading The standard ref
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58 Model Programs system comprising
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60 Model Programs Figure 5.2. Newsr
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62 Model Programs reasonable work a
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64 Model Programs 5.3.6 Select the
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66 Model Programs } } static bool S
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68 Model Programs Parameters and lo
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70 Model Programs [Test] [Category(
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72 Model Programs that the sequence
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74 Model Programs ServerSend(212.0)
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76 Model Programs using NModel; usi
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78 Model Programs // ... continued
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80 Model Programs } } // ... contin
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82 Model Programs the set of argume
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84 Model Programs Timeout(); Poll()
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86 Model Programs using System; //
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88 Model Programs // ... Reactive s
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90 Model Programs // ... Reactive s
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92 Model Programs } } // ... Reacti
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94 6 Exploring and Analyzing Finite
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96 Exploring and Analyzing Finite M
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98 Exploring and Analyzing Finite M
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100 Exploring and Analyzing Finite
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116 Structuring Model Programs with
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138 Testing Closed Systems Instead
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140 Testing Closed Systems 0 1 2 3
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142 Testing Closed Systems the mode
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144 Testing Closed Systems } } } }
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146 Testing Closed Systems Compile
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148 Testing Closed Systems B() A()
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150 9 Further Reading There are man
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156 Modeling Systems with Structure
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184 Analyzing Systems with Complex
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192 Testing Systems with Complex St
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220 Further Reading (Beizer, 1995).
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224 Compositional Modeling 1. First
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226 Compositional Modeling a lot of
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228 Compositional Modeling terms) t
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230 Compositional Modeling FSM(0, A
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232 Compositional Modeling and it i
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234 Compositional Modeling FSM(0, A
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236 Compositional Modeling namespac
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238 Compositional Modeling 14.2.6 C
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5 ReqWork(2, 2) 3 0 1 6 7 ReqSetup(
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242 Compositional Modeling placehol
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244 Compositional Modeling It is cl
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246 Compositional Modeling For para
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248 Modeling Objects static class C
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250 Modeling Objects namespace Payr
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252 Modeling Objects } } void SetSa
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254 Modeling Objects 0 CreateEmploy
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256 Modeling Objects The most impor
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258 Modeling Objects What effect wi
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260 Reactive Systems what part of i
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262 Reactive Systems namespace BagM
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264 Reactive Systems 16.3 Asynchron
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266 Reactive Systems namespace SPIm
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268 Reactive Systems refers to the
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270 Reactive Systems tester actions
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272 Reactive Systems 16.5.3 Passive
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Page 598: 282 Modeling Library Reference name
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Page 636: Appendices 301 of elements. The dat
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Page 648: Appendices 307 The Action data type
Page 652: Appendices 309 B.1.3 Options /?, /h
Page 656: Appendices 311 B.2 Offline test gen
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Page 668: Appendices 317 assurance method. A
Page 672: Appendices 319 decrementing action
Page 676: Appendices 321 finitize. To write a
Page 680: Appendices 323 IUT. Implementation
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Appendices 325 oracle. The authorit
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Appendices 327 sandbox. Atest harne
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Appendices 329 stopping rule. A rul
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Appendices 331 wait action.Anintern
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Bibliography J.-R. Abrial. The B Bo
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Bibliography 335 E. M. Clarke, O. G
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Bibliography 337 D. Lee and M. Yann
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Bibliography 339 J. Woodcock and M.
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Index a priori testing. See offline
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Index 343 Common Language Infrastru
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Index 345 IOCO theory, 277 isomorph
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Index 347 safety requirement, 34, 1
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Index 349 unshared action, 123-124,
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