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Centro Argentino de Estudios Internacionales / Entelequia. Revista Interdisciplinar
Source: estimated by the author, based on the data calculations provided by Christian
Bischof, Tomaz Kastrun, Karl Mueller and the author from the data of the ESS, available
at http://www.europeansocialsurvey.org/
Graph 5a: left wing extremism among European Muslims
LU
GR
NO
DK
SE
GB
SI
DE
AT
NL
CH
BE
FR
ES
IL
0,0
0,0
4,8
7,1
8,3
10,0
12,5
14,3
14,3
19,0
20,8
far left political orientation among Muslim communities
34,7
34,8
50,0
66,3
0,0 20,0 40,0 60,0 80,0
far left political orientation
among Muslim
communities
Source: estimated by the author, based on the data calculations provided by Christian
Bischof, Tomaz Kastrun, Karl Mueller and the author from the data of the ESS, available
at http://www.europeansocialsurvey.org/
Graph 5b: the political center among the Muslim communities in Europe
IL
ES
LU
BE
FR
DK
CH
NL
SE
DE
NO
GR
AT
SI
GB
center, center left and center right political orientation among
Muslim communities
30,3
50,0
57,1
57,1
58,7
71,4
75,0
76,2
83,3
83,3
85,7
85,7
85,7
87,5
87,5
0,0 20,0 40,0 60,0 80,0 100,0
center, center left and
center right political
orientation among Muslim
communities
Source: estimated by the author, based on the data calculations provided by Christian
Bischof, Tomaz Kastrun, Karl Mueller and the author from the data of the ESS, available
at http://www.europeansocialsurvey.org/
Arno Tausch, Christian Bischof, Tomz Kastrun, Karl Mueller 72