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12 boats by vessels of greater tonnage and power, and of technological advances. The fishing fleet’s overcapacity has a political impact in addition to its effects on economic performance. In particular, it is at the root of political pressure to increase quotas beyond those scientifically recommended. Member States are often susceptible to a short-term approach, and give maintenance of fleet activity priority over sustainable management of fisheries. When profitability is reduced as a result of declining catches, pressure increases and the vicious circle begins again. Fishing fleet distribution 2009 25 % 20 % 15 % 10 % 5 % 0 % ES IT NL FR UK EL PT DE LT DK IRL PL SE LV FIN BG MT ET CY BE RO SN % Boats % GRT % kW
COMMON FISHERIES POLICY In 1970 the EEC established equal access to Member State fishing zones for all fishermen, while reserving a coastal strip for the activities of local fishermen. It created Community market bases for fisheries products and a structural policy designed to modernise the fishing fleet and its infrastructure. In 1976, in line with international trends, the Member States extended their restricted zone for exploitation of marine resources from 12 to 200 miles. Even though Member States recognised the importance of transferring to the Community fisheries management and the task of representing them in international negotiations, the 1981 enlargement meant that the creation of the CFP was postponed until 1983. The CFP was initially closely linked to agricultural policy, and this is still the case in the Treaties. However, the specific content that it has acquired in the course of successive reforms has differentiated it from the CAP. Since fish populations ignore national borders and are dependent on shared marine ecosystems, the CFP confers on the Community extensive competences as regards the management of natural marine resources. The CFP possesses a panoply of instruments of very different kinds, but these instruments have not always been interlinked in an optimum way, and the hoped-for synergies have suffered. The CFP was reformed in 2002 with a view to ensuring sustainable development of fishing activities from an environmental, economic and social perspective. The decision-making process was modified by basing it on scientific opinions and involving it more closely with the fisheries sector and with non-governmental organisations within regional advisory councils (RACs). The 2002 reform also sought to make the policy consistent with European environment and development policy. Despite the reform, virtually no improvement has been seen in terms of the CONTEXT 13
Page 1 and 2: DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR INTERNAL PO
Page 3 and 4: Directorate general for internal Po
Page 5: CONTENTS FOREWORD .................
Page 9: FOREWORD Dear Member, I would like
Page 12 and 13: 10 REgIONAl DEpENDENCy ON FIShERIES
Page 16 and 17: 14 necessary synergies, for example
Page 18 and 19: 16 Prior to 2002, the fleet was man
Page 20 and 21: 18 fisheries sector is currently su
Page 23 and 24: ThE EUROpEAN pARlIAMENT AND ThE CFp
Page 25 and 26: THE LEGISLATIVE PROCEDURE PURSUANT
Page 27 and 28: e added to the quotas attributed, s
Page 29: even though the European Parliament
Page 32 and 33: 30 • the key elements that cannot
Page 35 and 36: pOlICy DEpARTMENT B AND ITS SUppORT
Page 37 and 38: lATEST pUBlICATIONS OF pOlICy DEpAR
Page 39: The Reform of the Common Organisati
Page 42 and 43: 40 Aquaculture and processing http:
Page 44 and 45: 42 European Economic and Social Com
Page 46 and 47: 44 OECD. Trade and Agriculture Dire
Page 48 and 49: 46 Spain, Ministerio de Agricultura
Page 50 and 51: 48 IO Interprofessional organisatio
Page 52 and 53: 50 C/2 - Fisheries conservation and
Page 54 and 55: 52 EN: Seines FR: Sennes ES: redes
Page 56 and 57: 54 EN: trawls FR: chaluts ES: redes
Page 58 and 59: 56 Abbreviation CSITEP / ISSCFG: OT
Page 60 and 61: 58 EN: lift nets FR: filets soulev
Page 62 and 63: 60 Abbreviation CSITEP / ISSCFG: GN
Page 64 and 65:
62 EN: hooks and lines FR: lignes e
Page 66 and 67:
64 SPECIES LANDED SpecieS SpecieS S
Page 68 and 69:
66 SpecieS SpecieS SpecieS Sardinel
Page 70 and 71:
68 SpecieS SpecieS SpecieS Scomber
Page 72 and 73:
70 SpecieS SpecieS SpecieS Octopus
Page 74 and 75:
72 SpecieS SpecieS SpecieS Coryphae
Page 76 and 77:
74 SpecieS SpecieS SpecieS Boops bo
Page 78 and 79:
76 SpecieS SpecieS SpecieS Glycymer
Page 80 and 81:
78 SpecieS SpecieS SpecieS Euphausi
Page 82 and 83:
80 SpecieS SpecieS SpecieS Molva dy
Page 84 and 85:
82 SpecieS SpecieS SpecieS Lepidopu
Page 86 and 87:
84 SpecieS SpecieS SpecieS Trachinu
Page 88 and 89:
86 SpecieS SpecieS SpecieS Pagellus
Page 90 and 91:
88 SpecieS SpecieS SpecieS Lepidopu
Page 92 and 93:
90 SpecieS SpecieS SpecieS Cyprinus
Page 94 and 95:
92 SpecieS SpecieS SpecieS Carassiu
Page 96 and 97:
94 SpecieS SpecieS SpecieS Esox luc
Page 98 and 99:
96 Source: ICES
Page 100 and 101:
98 MAP OF GENERAL FISHERIES COMMISS
Page 102 and 103:
100 READER’S NOTES
Page 104:
DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR INTERNAL PO
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