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The EFF can finance measures designed to balance resources<br />
and fleet capacity, or to encourage more environmentally<br />
friendly fishing and production methods. It can also<br />
finance socio-economic measures to improve the sector’s<br />
competitiveness and economic viability, or to benefit persons<br />
employed in the sector, ensuring sustainable development<br />
of fishing zones. The 2002 reform modified the socioeconomic<br />
measures, extending aid to temporary cessation<br />
of activities. Moreover, aid for early retirement and for the<br />
retraining of fishermen in other activities allows them to<br />
continue fishing on a part-time basis. However, the EFF has<br />
not succeeded in meeting the needs caused by the crisis in<br />
the sector.<br />
Fishing fleets average tonnage. 2007 = 100<br />
101<br />
100<br />
99<br />
98<br />
97<br />
96<br />
95<br />
1992<br />
1993<br />
1994<br />
1995<br />
1996<br />
1997<br />
1998<br />
1999<br />
2000<br />
2001<br />
2002<br />
2003<br />
2004<br />
EU 12 EU 15 EU 25 EU 27<br />
ThE COMMON MARKET ORgANISATION<br />
(CMO)<br />
The Common Market Organisation for fishery and aquaculture<br />
products (CMO) is the first element of the Common Fisheries<br />
Policy (CFP). The aim of the CMO is to balance supply and demand<br />
in the Community market. The CMO faces the challenge<br />
of reconciling fishermen’s interests with the growing demands<br />
of the Community market and, in particular, with those of the<br />
processing sector, while ensuring fair competition. The instruments<br />
available to the CMO to help it to achieve its aims are<br />
common marketing standards, producer organisations, a pricesupport<br />
system and a trade regime with third countries.<br />
2005<br />
2006<br />
2007<br />
2008<br />
2009<br />
The architecture of the CMO for fishery<br />
products partly resulted from the link<br />
between fisheries and agriculture created<br />
by the founding Treaty. The CMO<br />
for fishery products is officially governed<br />
by the principles, objectives and<br />
instruments of the CMO for agricultural<br />
products. However, there are and have<br />
always been profound differences between<br />
agricultural and fishing activities,<br />
and these differences have only<br />
become more marked over time. While<br />
support mechanisms for agricultural<br />
operations have been adapted to new<br />
situations, the same cannot be said of<br />
aid for fishery enterprises.<br />
The CMO has very limited room for<br />
manoeuvre in the face of the crisis the<br />
CONTEXT<br />
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