Introduction - UNDP The Gambia

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________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ MDGs measure the specific targets and outputs that the goals of the PRSP seek to achieve. The base year against which to measure progress in achieving the MDGs is 1990 and the year 2015 is the target year for meeting the goals. According to The Gambia’s first National Millennium Development Goals Report 2003, goals 2, 6 and 7 have already been met or are likely to be, while goals 1, 4, 5 and 8 are unlikely to be met (given the current trends). Table 3: Progress in the attainment of the MDGs in The Gambia Millennium Development Goals MDG Targets Progress to date 1 Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger 1 Halve the proportion of people living below the national poverty line Lagging by 2015 2 Halve the proportion of people who suffer from hunger 2 Achieve universal primary education 3 Achieve universal primary education Met or on track by 2014 3 Promote gender equality and empower 4 Achieve equal access to primary and women secondary schooling for boys and girls Lagging by 2005 4 Reduce child mortality 5 Reduce under-five mortality by two- Lagging thirds by 2015. 6 Halve the proportion of underweight Lagging children below five years old by 2015 5 Improve maternal health 7 Reduce maternal mortality ratio by Met or on track three -quarters by 2015 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and 8 Halt and reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS Lagging other diseases. by 2015 7 Ensure environmental sustainability 9 Reverse loss of environmental resources Lagging by 2015 10 Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking Met or on track water and basic sanitation 8 Develop a global partnership for development Lagging Although the overall linkage and objectives of the PRSP and the MDGs are very close, achievements of the former have been very limited. To put it bluntly, poverty reduction in The Gambia since 2002 has been disappointing. An evaluation of the progress and implementation level of the PRSP conducted in November 2004 reached the following conclusions: “There is general agreement on the part of both the Gambia Government and her development partners that the operating environment does not yet exist for making a sustained attack on poverty, and that macro-economic performance has fallen well short of the desired targets needed to significantly reduce poverty.” 5 Consequently, the level of poverty has worsened and the goals of the PRSP have not been met mainly as a result of internal structural bottlenecks, namely: • poor macro-economic performance • public spending inconsistent with commitments in the PRSP • weak central coordination of sectoral interventions • weak capacity at central and local levels • inadequate ownership of the PRSP at the grassroots level • lack of resources to implement the PRSP, aggravated by a decline in donor assistance and the IMF’s suspension of the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF). ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Building Capacity for the Attainment of the Millennium Development Goals in The Gambia National Human Development Report 2005 8
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Table 4: PRSP and MDG status and comparison MDG Targets PRSP Targets MDG Indicators Targets Actual Status 2005 2015 MDG 1 Eradicate extreme poverty A reduction by 66% MDG 1: 38 27 59% in 1998, and Severely and hunger. Halve, between 1990 of the number of proportion of results from 2003 off track and 2015, the proportion of people women living in population. Below household survey whose income is less than one dollar poverty by 2015. No the poverty line will provide more a day. specific target for (US$ 1 per day). recent data. population at large. MDG 1 Eradicate extreme poverty A reduction by 50% MDG 1: proportion and hunger. Halve, between 1990 of the number of of population and 2015, the proportion of people malnourished people below minimum who suffer from hunger. by 2015. dietary energy consumption. MDG 2 Achieve universal primary Universal primary education. Ensure that, by 2015, education by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls with 80% completion alike, will be able to complete full in primary education course of primary schooling. by 2005. n/a 7.5 15% in 1990, 21% in 2000. Off track MDG 2: net 78 100 60% in 2000. Slightly off enrolment ratio in track primary education. MDG 3 Promote gender equality Attaining gender MDG 3: ratio of 100 100 96% in 2002 On track and empower women. Eliminate equity in primary girls to boys in gender disparity in primary and and secondary primary education. secondary education, preferably by enrolments by 2005. MDG 3: ratio of 100 100 79% in 2002 Off track 2005, and at all levels of education girls to boys in not later than 2015. secondary. Education MDG 4 Reduce child mortality. Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate. MDG 5 Improve maternal health. Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio. MDG 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases. Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS. MDG 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases. Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS. A reduction of the 1990 infant and child mortality rates by 33% by the year 2015. A 50% reduction of the maternal mortality rate of 1990 and a further 50% by 2015. No comparable PSRP target. No comparable PSRP target. MDG 4: under five 82 45 135 deaths per Severely child mortality (per thousand live births off track 1,000 live births). MDG 5: maternal 577 262 730 deaths per 100, On track mortality ratio (per 000 live births. 100, 000 live births). MDG 6: spread of HIV/AIDS. MDG 6: spread of malaria and other major diseases. MDG 7 Ensure environmental No comparable MDG 7: loss of sustainability. Integrate the PSRP target. environmental principles of sustainable resources development into country policies and programmes and reverse the MDG 7: access to losses of environmental resources. safe drinking water. MDG 7 Ensure environmental No comparable MDG 7: % of sustainability. By 2020, to have PSRP target population. having achieved a significant improvement access to improved in the lives of 100 million slum sanitation. dwellers. n/a n/a HIV-1 prevalence Low but off rate among 15 to 49 track year old pregnant women increased from 0.7% in 1995 to 2.1% in 2004. n/a n/a Tuberculosis 1, 212 Insufficient cases in 1990 data increased to 1, 561 cases in 2000. n/a n/a Proportion of land Insufficient covered by forests data 40.7% in 1993 and 41.5% in 1999. 66 76 84% in 1996 On track n/a n/a 84% in 1990, 88% On track in 2000, figure in urban areas is 96%. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Building Capacity for the Attainment of the Millennium Development Goals in The Gambia National Human Development Report 2005 9
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Introduction - UNDP The Gambia

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