Etude de la combustion de gaz de synthèse issus d'un processus de ...

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Experimental study of engine-like turbulent combustion 60 Pressure (bar) 50 40 30 20 5 ms BTDC 7.5 ms BTDC 12.5 ms BTDC 10 0 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 Time (ms) tel-00623090, version 1 - 13 Sep 2011 Pressure (bar) Figure 5.17 – Pressure versus time for stoichiometric updraft syngas-air mixture at various spark times. 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 5 ms BTDC 7.5 ms BTDC 12.5 ms BTDC 0 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 Time (ms) Figure 5.18– Pressure versus time for stoichiometric downdraft syngas-air mixture at various spark times. 158
Chapter 5 80 Pressure (bar) 70 60 50 40 30 5 ms BTDC 7.5 ms BTDC 12.5 ms BTDC 20 10 0 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 Time (ms) tel-00623090, version 1 - 13 Sep 2011 Figure 5.19– Pressure versus time for stoichiometric methane-air mixture at various spark times. From figures 5.17-5.19 it is observed that the in-cylinder pressure increases as the spark time deviates from TDC. If combustion starts too early in the cycle, the work transfer from the piston to the gases in the cylinder at the end of the compression stroke is too large. If the combustion starts too late, the peak cylinder pressure is reduced, and the stroke work transfer from the gas to the piston decreases. Another observation that is brought out from these figures is that higher pressures are obtained with methane-air mixture followed by downdraft syngas-air mixture and lastly by updraft syngas-air mixture. These results could be endorsed to the energy introduced into the RCM chamber, which can be determined by the heating value of the fuels and the air to fuel ratio. Taking into account that the RCM chamber has 1.0 Litre, the energy introduced in to the chamber is 2.60 KJ in the updraft case, 2.85 KJ in the downdraft case and 3.38 KJ in the methane case for stoichiometric conditions. These values are in agreement with the obtained cylinder pressures, however not proportional in terms of peak pressures due to the influence of heat losses. These are mainly dependent of the quenching distance as well as thermal conductivity of the mixture. The higher burning velocity of methane compared to syngas compositions also cause a more intensified convection. Making a parallel with the laminar combustion case where the performances of updraft and downdraft syngas are similar, one can observe that the same behaviour is not found in turbulent conditions. On turbulent conditions peak pressures higher in about 159
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THÈSE Pour l’obtention du Grade
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Acknowledgements Acknowledgements T
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Résumé __________________________
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Nomenclature Nomenclature Roman tel
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Nomenclature Subscripts tel-0062309
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Contents tel-00623090, version 1 -
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Contents 6.4. SYNGAS FUELLED-ENGINE
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Introduction CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
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Introduction proves to have higher
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Introduction Chapter 3 - Experiment
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Bibliographic revision CHAPTER 2 BI
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Bibliographic revision point today
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Bibliographic revision - Boudouard
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Bibliographic revision Table 2.1 -
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Bibliographic revision Biomass Dryi
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Bibliographic revision Circulating
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Bibliographic revision or eliminate
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Bibliographic revision established
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Bibliographic revision Hydrogen Hyd
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Bibliographic revision of low moist
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Bibliographic revision scrubbing an
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Bibliographic revision suggests tha
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Bibliographic revision 1 d( δ A) 1
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Bibliographic revision Since n is
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Bibliographic revision 2 ( rsr ) 2
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Bibliographic revision This evoluti
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Bibliographic revision The burning
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Bibliographic revision δVG = − a
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Bibliographic revision 2 1 − −
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Bibliographic revision where the su
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Bibliographic revision the stretche
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Bibliographic revision burning velo
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Experimental set ups and diagnostic
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Chapter 4 CHAPTER 4 EXPERIMENTAL AN
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Chapter 4 4.1 Laminar burning veloc
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Chapter 4 4.1.1.1 Flame morphology
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Chapter 4 P i = 1.0 bar, Ti = 293 K
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Chapter 4 Figure 4.5 shows schliere
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Chapter 4 P i = 2.0 bar, T i = 293
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Chapter 4 Sn (m/s) 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5
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Chapter 4 5 ms 10 ms 15 ms 20 ms 25
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Chapter 4 behaviour of the curves r
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Chapter 4 1.50 Sn (m/s) 1.25 1.00 0
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Chapter 4 0.5 0.4 φ =1.0 Su (m/s)
Page 111 and 112: Chapter 4 variation of the normaliz
Page 113 and 114: Chapter 4 4.1.1.6 Comparison with o
Page 115 and 116: Chapter 4 The values of laminar bur
Page 117 and 118: Chapter 4 Pressure (bar) 7 6 5 4 3
Page 119 and 120: Chapter 4 0.5 0.4 φ=1.2 Su (m/s) 0
Page 121 and 122: Chapter 4 0.3 φ=0.8 Su (m/s) 0.2 0
Page 123 and 124: Chapter 4 a minimum pressure to exp
Page 125 and 126: Chapter 4 Notice the similar behavi
Page 127 and 128: Chapter 4 A very good agreement bet
Page 129 and 130: Chapter 4 ( ) Q = h T − T (4.21)
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Page 133 and 134: Chapter 4 are tested and discussed.
Page 135 and 136: Chapter 4 7 500 Pressure (bar) 6 5
Page 137 and 138: Chapter 4 Pressure (bar) 7 6 5 4 3
Page 139 and 140: Chapter 4 4.2.3.4 Quenching distanc
Page 141 and 142: Chapter 4 10000 Quenching distance
Page 143 and 144: Chapter 5 CHAPTER 5 EXPERIMENTAL ST
Page 145 and 146: Chapter 5 30 10 25 8 Pressure (bar)
Page 147 and 148: Chapter 5 30 Piston position (mm) 2
Page 149 and 150: Chapter 5 5.1.1.4 In-cylinder press
Page 151 and 152: Chapter 5 estimation of various par
Page 153 and 154: Chapter 5 TDC 1.25 ms 2.5 ms 3.75 m
Page 155 and 156: Chapter 5 Piston position (mm) 500
Page 159 and 160: Chapter 5 From figure 5.15 is possi
Page 161: Chapter 5 From figure 5.16 is obser
Page 165 and 166: Chapter 5 80 10 Pmax (bar) 70 60 50
Page 167 and 168: Chapter 5 -5.0 ms -3.75 ms -2.5 ms
Page 169 and 170: Chapter 5 observation emphasis the
Page 171 and 172: Chapter 6 CHAPTER 6 NUMERICAL SIMUL
Page 173 and 174: Chapter 6 centered at the spark plu
Page 175 and 176: Chapter 6 H 2 O, (3) N 2 , (4) O 2
Page 177 and 178: Chapter 6 For all the above express
Page 179 and 180: Chapter 6 motions within the cylind
Page 183 and 184: Chapter 6 Heat transfer Wei et al.,
Page 185 and 186: Chapter 6 The calibration coefficie
Page 187 and 188: Chapter 6 6.3.2.2 In-cylinder volum
Page 189 and 190: Chapter 6 40 Experimental 30 Numeri
Page 191 and 192: Chapter 6 80 70 60 Numerical Experi
Page 193 and 194: Chapter 6 downdraft syngas than for
Page 195 and 196: Chapter 6 80 23º BTDC 60 29.5º BT
Page 197 and 198: Chapter 6 with experimental results
Page 199 and 200: Conclusions CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSIONS 7
Page 201 and 202: Conclusions radius and time for syn
Page 203 and 204: Conclusions conditions, therefore s
Page 205 and 206: Conclusions tel-00623090, version 1
Page 207 and 208: References References tel-00623090,
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References tel-00623090, version 1
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Appendix A - Overdetermined linear
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Appendix A - Overdetermined linear
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Appendix B- Syngas-air mixtures pro
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Appendix C -Rivère model Heat flux
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Appendix C -Rivère model The work
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tel-00623090, version 1 - 13 Sep 20
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