2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and ... - Census Bureau

State governments (such as State parks
and wildlife management areas), or the
federal government (such as National
Forests, Recreational Areas, and Wildlife
Refuges).
Residents—Individuals who lived in
the State being reported. For example,
a person who lives in California and
watches whales in California is a residential
wildlife watcher in California.
Rural—All territory, population, and
housing units located outside of urbanized
areas and urban clusters, as determined
by the U.S. Census Bureau.
Saltwater—Oceans, tidal bays and
sounds, and the tidal portions of rivers
and streams.
Screening interviews—The first
Survey contact with a sample household.
Screening interviews are
conducted with a household representative
to identify respondents who
are eligible for in-depth interviews.
Screening interviews gather data such
as age and sex about individuals in the
households. Further information on
screening interviews is available on
page vii in the “Survey Background
and Method” section of this report.
Small game—Grouse, pheasants, quail,
rabbits, squirrels, and similar small
animals for which States have small
game seasons and bag limits.
Special equipment—Big-ticket equipment
items that are owned primarily for
wildlife-related recreation:
Bass boats
Other types of motor boats
Canoes and other types of nonmotor
boats
Boat motors, boat trailer/hitches, and
other boat accessories
Pickups, campers, vans, travel or tent
trailers, motor homes, house trailers,
recreational vehicles (RVs)
Cabins
Off-the-road vehicles such as trail
bikes, all terrain vehicles (ATVs),
dune buggies, four-wheelers, 4x4
vehicles, and snowmobiles
Other special equipment
Spenders—Individuals who spent
money on fishing, hunting, or wildlifewatching
activities or equipment and
also participated in those activities.
Sportspersons—Individuals who
engaged in fishing, hunting, or both.
Trip—An outing involving fishing,
hunting, or wildlife watching. A trip
may begin from an individual’s principal
residence or from another place,
such as a vacation home or the home
of a relative. A trip may last an hour, a
day, or many days.
Type of fishing—There are three
types of fishing: (1) freshwater except
Great Lakes, (2) Great Lakes, and (3)
saltwater.
Type of hunting—There are four types
of hunting: (1) big game, (2) small
game, (3) migratory bird, and (4) other
animal.
Unspecified expenditure—An item
that was purchased for use in both
fishing and hunting, rather than
primarily one or the other. Auxiliary
equipment, special equipment, magazines
and books, and membership dues
and contributions are the items for
which a purchase could be categorized
as “unspecified.”
Urban—All territory, population, and
housing units located within boundaries
that encompass densely settled territory,
consisting of core census block groups
or blocks that have a population density
of at least 1,000 people per square mile
and surrounding census blocks that
have an overall density of at least 500
people per square mile. Under certain
conditions, less densely settled territory
may be included, as determined by the
Census Bureau.
Visit parks or natural areas—A visit
to places accessible to the public and
that are owned or leased by a governmental
entity, nongovernmental organization,
business, or a private individual
or group such as an association or club.
Wildlife—Animals such as birds, fish,
insects, mammals, amphibians, and
reptiles that are living in natural or
wild environments. Wildlife does not
include animals living in aquariums,
zoos, and other artificial surroundings
or domestic animals such as farm
animals or pets.
Wildlife observed, photographed, or
fed—Examples of species that wildlife
watchers observe, photograph, and/
or feed are (1) Wild birds—songbirds
such as cardinals, robins, warblers,
jays, buntings, and sparrows; birds
of prey such as hawks, owls, eagles,
and falcons; waterfowl such as ducks,
geese, and swans; other water birds
such as shorebirds, herons, pelicans,
and cranes; and other birds such as
pheasants, turkeys, road runners, and
woodpeckers; (2) Land mammals—
large land mammals such as bears,
bison, deer, moose, and elk; small land
mammals such as squirrels, foxes,
prairie dogs, and rabbits; (3) Fish
such as salmon, sharks, and groupers;
(4) Marine mammals such as whales,
dolphins, and manatees; and (5) Other
wildlife such as butterflies, turtles,
spiders, and snakes.
Wildlife-related recreation—
Recreational fishing, hunting, and
wildlife watching.
Wildlife watching—There are six
types of wildlife watching: (1) closely
observing, (2) photographing, (3)
feeding, (4) visiting parks or natural
areas, (5) maintaining plantings, and
(6) maintaining natural areas. These
activities must be the primary purpose
of the trip or the around-the-home
undertaking.
Wildlife-watching equipment—Items
owned primarily for observing, photographing,
or feeding wildlife:
Binoculars and spotting scopes
Cameras, video cameras, special
lenses, and other photographic
equipment
Film and developing
Commercially prepared and packaged
wild bird food
Other bulk food used to feed wild
birds
Food for other wildlife
Nest boxes, bird houses, feeders, and
baths
Day packs, carrying cases, and
special clothing
Other items such as field guides and
maps
46 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Vermont U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau