MASTER THESIS Biomimetic potential of sponge ... - IAP/TU Wien

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Figure 9: Levels of hierarchy in a hexactinellid sponge. (Aizenberg et al., 2005) (Müller et al., 2009b) (Weaver et al., 2007) Skeletons of siliceous sponges show high levels of hierarchy on the microscopic but frequently also on the macroscopic scale. Individual fibres are bundled in a glass matrix (a), while the individual fibres are composed of numerous concentric siphons (silica layers) (b). The individual siphons alternate with protein layers, gluing them together (c) and consist of consolidated glass nano-spheres (d). Scale bars are20 µm (a), 50 µm (b), 1 µm (c) and 500 nm (d). © by (Müller et al., 2009b) for (b),(Weaver(Weaver et al., 2007) for (a), and (Aizenberg et al., 2005) for (c) and (d). This principle iple accordingly is of paramount importance for technological applications where only a limited number of elements and materials are used (Gebeshuber et al., 2009). Gebeshuber and Gordon (2011) explored the relationship between structure, material and function for nano- and micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS). The properties of available materials for these systems are very limited; making the use of composite, hierarchically structured materials a promising approach for devices with more complex functionalities. 32
Figure 10: Structuring facilitates more complex functionalities. Current MEMS are mostly relying on the properties of single material structures. Since this approach limits the complexity of functions that MEMS, consisting of few elements, structuring the materials can replace the common technological approach of adding more, different materials to accommodate increased functionality.© by (Gebeshuber & Gordon, 2011) It is indicative of the current state of our technology that it is cheaper to use more energy and material than to use more sophisticated and stratified structures (“information”). Hierarchical structuring clearly entails interesting mechanical consequences. Opportunities emerge no less. Hierarchical structuring makes it possible to use very common materials that are inferior to commonly used building materials and yet yield very useful materials (Buehler & Yung, 2009). Not the high quality, not the high variety of building blocks used is the basis of functionality in natural materials. Rather, the used materials are tuned at different length scales independently (Vincent, 2008). Taken to an extreme, hierarchical structuring rescinds the importance of the constituents of functional materials and solely relies on the structuring of these almost arbitrary constituents (Buehler, 2010). Accordingly, the exceptional mechanical properties of the skeleton of Euplectella aspergillum 33
Page 1: Fachhochschule Kärnten Carinthia U
Page 5: Keywords biomimetics, biomimetics i
Page 8 and 9: einzigartige Prozess stellt nachhal
Page 10 and 11: Façade elements...................
Page 12 and 13: Figure 25: Daylight Guidance System
Page 14 and 15: Apart from this methodological dich
Page 16 and 17: That leaves us to talk of “silice
Page 18 and 19: Tissues, the next higher level of h
Page 20 and 21: shape of spicules, for most spicule
Page 22 and 23: and 24 basic types in Demospongiae
Page 24 and 25: Strikingly, the largest known natur
Page 26 and 27: spicules have swellings or hook-lik
Page 28 and 29: Figure 7 Spongial skeleton elements
Page 30 and 31: can be considered to start at order
Page 34 and 35: would likely remain largely the sam
Page 36 and 37: Biomineralization “Biomineralizat
Page 38 and 39: properties (Lowenstam & Weiner, 198
Page 40 and 41: Figure 12 Array of diatoms. These u
Page 42 and 43: Spiculogenesis Overview Spiculogene
Page 44 and 45: their environment (Inagaki et al.,
Page 46 and 47: spicule is driven by intracellular
Page 48 and 49: Figure 14: Axial and appositional g
Page 50 and 51: Figure 15: Extracellular phase of s
Page 52 and 53: of rare earths (Zajec, 2010) or any
Page 54 and 55: of ways, e.g., their higher speed a
Page 56 and 57: precursor molecules is catalyzed an
Page 58 and 59: crack propagation (3). Thereby the
Page 60 and 61: excel in flexibility due to their g
Page 62 and 63: single-mode waveguides can transmit
Page 64 and 65: Biomimetic potential of different b
Page 66 and 67: (iv) (v) crystallize the previously
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Page 72 and 73: Importantly, social jetlag is close
Page 74 and 75: For tropical and temperate regions,
Page 76 and 77: Figure 25: Daylight Guidance System
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the availability of spicule-inspire
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This flexibility certainly would al
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Another application to increase the
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and comfort of natural light, espec
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Tensegrity: structural principle us
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Brien P, Lévi C, Sarà M, Tuzet O,
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Gebeshuber I, Crawford R (2006) Mic
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Latzelsperger F (2012) Biomimetics
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Ozin G, Hall N (2003) The photonic
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Smith B, Schäffer T, Viani M, Thom
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Wiens M, Bausen M, Natalio F, Link
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MASTER THESIS Biomimetic potential of sponge ... - IAP/TU Wien

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