MASTER THESIS Biomimetic potential of sponge ... - IAP/TU Wien

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einzigartige Prozess stellt nachhaltige Produktionsverfahren in Aussicht, besipielsweise für Lichtwellenleiter die den Spiculae bemerkenswert ähneln. Daneben können auch die Materialwissenschaften, die biomedizinische Forschung und Entwickler hochentwickelter optischer Komponenten für Laser-Technologien von der Synthese und den Materialeigenschaften der Spiculae lernen. Die offenkundige Ähnlichkeit von Spiculae und technischen Lichtewellenleitern legt Anwendungen in Tageslichtsystemen für Gebäude nahe. Die fortschreitende Urbanisierung am Ende des Zeitalters der billigen Energie verlangt nach neuartigen, nachhaltigeren Konzepten im Bauwesen. Zusätzlich zeichnet sich eine Neubewertung des natürlichen Tageslichts ab, was große Chancen eröffnet Tageslichtsysteme mittels bionischer Ansätze zu verbessern. Um aufzuzeigen, wie die Bionik zu diesem Anwendungsgebiet beitragen könnte, wurden ein adaptives Fassadenelement sowie ein komplettes Gebäude für erdbebengefährdete Regionen entworfen. 8
Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................................... 7 Abriss ....................................................................................................................................................... 7 Figures ................................................................................................................................................... 11 Tables .................................................................................................................................................... 12 What is Biomimetics? ............................................................................................................................ 13 Sponges ................................................................................................................................................. 15 Phylogeny .......................................................................................................................................... 15 Body plan ........................................................................................................................................... 17 Spicules .................................................................................................................................................. 19 Structure ............................................................................................................................................ 19 Biological functions ........................................................................................................................... 25 Hierarchical architecture and emerging properties .......................................................................... 29 Principles ....................................................................................................................................... 29 Man-made vs. natural architecture ............................................................................................... 31 Taking it to a higher level: structural hierarchy in Euplectella aspergillum .................................. 34 Biomineralization .............................................................................................................................. 36 Overview ........................................................................................................................................ 36 Common biominerals .................................................................................................................... 38 Silica in diatoms ............................................................................................................................. 39 Spiculogenesis ................................................................................................................................... 42 Overview ........................................................................................................................................ 42 Initial growth ................................................................................................................................. 43 Appositional and axial growth ....................................................................................................... 45 Final morphogenesis ..................................................................................................................... 47 Opportunities in Biomimetics ................................................................................................................ 51 Concepts learned from spicules ........................................................................................................ 52 Mechanical properties of spicules ................................................................................................. 56 Spicules and optical fibres ............................................................................................................. 58 Biomimetic potential of different bio-mineralization pathways: Nacre ........................................... 64 Daylight guidance systems (DGS) .......................................................................................................... 67 Benefits .............................................................................................................................................. 67 Commercially available systems ........................................................................................................ 74 Earthquake proof buildings ................................................................................................................... 77 Biomimetics: Sponges and buildings ..................................................................................................... 79 9
Page 1: Fachhochschule Kärnten Carinthia U
Page 5: Keywords biomimetics, biomimetics i
Page 10 and 11: Façade elements...................
Page 12 and 13: Figure 25: Daylight Guidance System
Page 14 and 15: Apart from this methodological dich
Page 16 and 17: That leaves us to talk of “silice
Page 18 and 19: Tissues, the next higher level of h
Page 20 and 21: shape of spicules, for most spicule
Page 22 and 23: and 24 basic types in Demospongiae
Page 24 and 25: Strikingly, the largest known natur
Page 26 and 27: spicules have swellings or hook-lik
Page 28 and 29: Figure 7 Spongial skeleton elements
Page 30 and 31: can be considered to start at order
Page 32 and 33: Figure 9: Levels of hierarchy in a
Page 34 and 35: would likely remain largely the sam
Page 36 and 37: Biomineralization “Biomineralizat
Page 38 and 39: properties (Lowenstam & Weiner, 198
Page 40 and 41: Figure 12 Array of diatoms. These u
Page 42 and 43: Spiculogenesis Overview Spiculogene
Page 44 and 45: their environment (Inagaki et al.,
Page 46 and 47: spicule is driven by intracellular
Page 48 and 49: Figure 14: Axial and appositional g
Page 50 and 51: Figure 15: Extracellular phase of s
Page 52 and 53: of rare earths (Zajec, 2010) or any
Page 54 and 55: of ways, e.g., their higher speed a
Page 56 and 57: precursor molecules is catalyzed an
Page 58 and 59:
crack propagation (3). Thereby the
Page 60 and 61:
excel in flexibility due to their g
Page 62 and 63:
single-mode waveguides can transmit
Page 64 and 65:
Biomimetic potential of different b
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(iv) (v) crystallize the previously
Page 68 and 69:
Brundtland Report, is “developmen
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Notwithstanding the problems involv
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Importantly, social jetlag is close
Page 74 and 75:
For tropical and temperate regions,
Page 76 and 77:
Figure 25: Daylight Guidance System
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the ground have been reported to be
Page 80 and 81:
synthesis of these elements could i
Page 82 and 83:
the availability of spicule-inspire
Page 84 and 85:
This flexibility certainly would al
Page 86 and 87:
Another application to increase the
Page 88 and 89:
and comfort of natural light, espec
Page 90 and 91:
Tensegrity: structural principle us
Page 92 and 93:
Brien P, Lévi C, Sarà M, Tuzet O,
Page 94 and 95:
Gebeshuber I, Crawford R (2006) Mic
Page 96 and 97:
Latzelsperger F (2012) Biomimetics
Page 98 and 99:
Ozin G, Hall N (2003) The photonic
Page 100 and 101:
Smith B, Schäffer T, Viani M, Thom
Page 102:
Wiens M, Bausen M, Natalio F, Link
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MASTER THESIS Biomimetic potential of sponge ... - IAP/TU Wien

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