MASTER THESIS Biomimetic potential of sponge ... - IAP/TU Wien

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This flexibility certainly would also add to the design-appeal of such elements, another relevant factor for companies and employees alike. Since the control mechanism could potentially actuate the transmission of light at a small scale, shapes formed by bright and dark areas could be displayed. Depending on the exact location within the office building, anything from the corporate logo alternating with the companies mission statement, or patterns to the liking of employees working in the adjacent space. These façade elements would hence make use of the mechanical flexibility and good light transmission of bio-inspired glass fibres. Additionally, an analogy between photosynthetic endosymbionts of sponges and the solar cells used can be drawn. For façades with high incident radiation these elements could thus provide adaptive lighting while preventing solar (heat) gain that is mostly undesired and counteracted by energy-intensive air-conditioning (Li & Tsang, 2008) (J Mardaljevic et al., 2009). Complex solutions Earthquake proof buildings usually contain steel structures that help preventing global failure. Of paramount importance to dissipate energy during earthquakes is the ductility and flexibility of this material (ArcelorMittal, 1996). This material property can come into effect in steel-concrete structures like composite walls or mixed design systems including concrete walls and steel or composite beams. During an earthquake the steel structures yield and the concrete elements remain elastic, preserving the overall structure. Since in many cases the concrete structures occupy large spaces (Figure 29) it would be desirable to add functionality to these portions. In the depicted case below, the massive concrete core in the centre of the building seems to be inviting the integration of a fibre based daylighting system. Light could be conveyed from collectors placed on the protruding core and conveyed to parts of the building that are too deep inside the building to get direct daylight. The mechanical properties of spicules that we might be able to achieve in biomimetic glass fibres are better suited to such design than conventional glass fibres that would fail at lower seismic activity. 84
Figure 29 The Qube, Vancouver. Architects in Canada agreed on it being one of the most earthquake-proof buildings there (Vancouver Sun, 2004), though unfortunately no analysis has been published. The impressive concrete core is decisive for seismic proofing, and could likely be combined with illumination elements in future buildings with a similar building plan. Taken form Abirkill, Wikimedia Commons. In most commercially available daylighting systems, light is released to the interior via luminaires, structures that remind of conventional light spots but integrate natural and artificial light. This solution could obviously be used here, too. An interesting alternative would be to lay the fibres openly below the ceiling. As has been observed in sponge spicules, light is out-coupled at spines on the surface (Aizenberg et al., 2004) (Uriz, 2006). Researchers explained such modifications by localized syneresis (extrusion of water) due to apposition of a cell to the spicule (Wang et al., 2012b). Syneresis is a process already commonly used in sol-gel synthesis processes (Brinker & Scherer, 1990) and could be adapted to induce similar changes in bio-inspired light guides. The spines should be localized on the surface facing downwards to provide daylight for lighting. 85
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Fachhochschule Kärnten Carinthia U
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Keywords biomimetics, biomimetics i
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einzigartige Prozess stellt nachhal
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Façade elements...................
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Figure 25: Daylight Guidance System
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Apart from this methodological dich
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That leaves us to talk of “silice
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Tissues, the next higher level of h
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shape of spicules, for most spicule
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and 24 basic types in Demospongiae
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Strikingly, the largest known natur
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spicules have swellings or hook-lik
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Figure 7 Spongial skeleton elements
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can be considered to start at order
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Figure 9: Levels of hierarchy in a
Page 34 and 35: would likely remain largely the sam
Page 36 and 37: Biomineralization “Biomineralizat
Page 38 and 39: properties (Lowenstam & Weiner, 198
Page 40 and 41: Figure 12 Array of diatoms. These u
Page 42 and 43: Spiculogenesis Overview Spiculogene
Page 44 and 45: their environment (Inagaki et al.,
Page 46 and 47: spicule is driven by intracellular
Page 48 and 49: Figure 14: Axial and appositional g
Page 50 and 51: Figure 15: Extracellular phase of s
Page 52 and 53: of rare earths (Zajec, 2010) or any
Page 54 and 55: of ways, e.g., their higher speed a
Page 56 and 57: precursor molecules is catalyzed an
Page 58 and 59: crack propagation (3). Thereby the
Page 60 and 61: excel in flexibility due to their g
Page 62 and 63: single-mode waveguides can transmit
Page 64 and 65: Biomimetic potential of different b
Page 66 and 67: (iv) (v) crystallize the previously
Page 68 and 69: Brundtland Report, is “developmen
Page 70 and 71: Notwithstanding the problems involv
Page 72 and 73: Importantly, social jetlag is close
Page 74 and 75: For tropical and temperate regions,
Page 76 and 77: Figure 25: Daylight Guidance System
Page 78 and 79: the ground have been reported to be
Page 80 and 81: synthesis of these elements could i
Page 82 and 83: the availability of spicule-inspire
Page 86 and 87: Another application to increase the
Page 88 and 89: and comfort of natural light, espec
Page 90 and 91: Tensegrity: structural principle us
Page 92 and 93: Brien P, Lévi C, Sarà M, Tuzet O,
Page 94 and 95: Gebeshuber I, Crawford R (2006) Mic
Page 96 and 97: Latzelsperger F (2012) Biomimetics
Page 98 and 99: Ozin G, Hall N (2003) The photonic
Page 100 and 101: Smith B, Schäffer T, Viani M, Thom
Page 102: Wiens M, Bausen M, Natalio F, Link
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MASTER THESIS Biomimetic potential of sponge ... - IAP/TU Wien

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