Muslims in Europe: - International Institute - University of Michigan

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of it, they maintain, requires them to disobey their religion, or compromise their education. If a challenge in the French courts failed, they could also take the case to the European Court of Human Rights. Article nine of the European Convention on Human Rights enshrines the freedom to manifest one's religion or beliefs, subject "only to such limitations as are prescribed by law and are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of public safety, for the protection of public order, health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others". However, the European Court of Human Rights recently upheld a ban imposed by Istanbul university in Turkey on a student who refused to take off her Islamic headscarf. Q: Apart from the French Muslim community, are other religious groups also angry about this law? Yes, Christian and Jewish groups reacted angrily to the ban on "overt" religious symbols in schools. As well as having the biggest Muslim community in Europe, France also has the biggest Jewish one. While one Jewish group had no problem with the ban, the Grand Rabbi of France, Joseph Sitruk, opposed it. Others of no particular affiliation have argued that unity comes not through uniformity, but through diversity. Far from encouraging integration, they say, it will do the opposite, victimising Muslims in particular (most of whom are North African immigrants) and potentially pushing some towards political extremism. It will also probably lead to more private, confessional schools. There are hundreds of private Catholic schools, but the first Muslim school, a junior high school in Aubervilliers, outside Paris, opened only two years ago. Some Muslim groups have told girls to wear whatever they want and have pledged legal aid and private tutoring if they are expelled from school. Q: Can Muslim girls wear headscarves to schools in other parts of Europe? Yes, although the situation is very chequered. In Britain, Muslim girls are free to wear the headscarf. In Germany, there is a heated debate over the issue and some states are considering banning headscarves in schools. The most striking parallel with the current situation in France is Turkey. There, the secular republic banned headscarves in public institutions. That has led to many girls being excluded from the public system. In France headscarves are already forbidden for people working in the public sector, but that rule - which is not a law - is occasionally broken. A Muslim employee of the city of Paris was recently suspended for refusing to take off her scarf or shake men's hands. 143
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3328277.stm Muslim girls unveil their fears By Elizabeth C Jones, Director of The Headmaster and the Headscarves Although France has banned religious symbols from schools, some of the country's 1,200 veiled Muslim schoolgirls are still searching for a compromise. "French education", declares a trim man behind a big desk, "aims to allow each person, irrespective of their religion or their community, the chance to start on an equal footing and receive the same education." This impassioned defence of French secularism comes from Raymond Scieux, headmaster of Lycee Eugene Delacroix in Drancy, a suburb northeast of Paris. For much of last year, Scieux and other French headmasters, had the unenviable task of guiding staff and students through a new French law banning all conspicuous religious symbols from state schools. The law is widely supported by the French, who regard secularism as a pillar of the Republic. No crucifixes, no skullcaps, no Islamic headscarves. There can now be nothing within the walls of a state school that can immediately identify a religious affiliation. Dispute From the beginning, the French law was perceived by most of France's five million Muslims to be an ill-concealed attempt to ban veils from the classroom. "There's a lot of tension in the Islamic community which feels targeted," Scieux admits, "but it's actually applicable to all religions". Between May and October of last year, the BBC filmed at Lycee Eugene Delacroix with people from both sides of the debate. Teachers, their headmaster and pupils were caught up in an emotional drama that would ultimately decide whether or not a handful of veiled girls would be expelled for wearing the Islamic headscarf in school. Personal choice "What does this veil mean to me?" asks Touria, a softly-spoken and serious pupil at Delacroix. "It's part of who I am. It's not just some bit of fabric on my head. It's everything. "Looking back on it, I can't imagine taking it off. What I'm wearing today I consider the minimum." 144
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Muslims in Europe A curriculum reso
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Table of contents Muslims in Europe
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Muslims in Europe: The Ottoman Heri
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closely integrated into the Ottoman
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Reviewing the basics of Islam At th
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Using “The Ottoman Heritage” as
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Timelime of Islam (Long Timeline) T
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800s Written collections of Hadith
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1366 Capital of Ottoman Empire move
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1918 Fall of Ottoman Empire. League
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Population figures as of 2003 http:
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Ottoman Fashion I. Arrange a slide
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Traditional Uniforms Source: McLean
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Suleiman the Great increased this b
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Ottoman Demographics In the modern
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Map 4 Map 5 32
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Using the completed data charts dis
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The Turks and History Use the follo
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“An Eyewitness Account” Adapted
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understanding that only through dev
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cases it only increased the chasm b
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10. Size of Group: According to Joh
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eligious group in Iran, Lebanon, an
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IV. Women in Islam One of the most
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ehalf of European Jews that they we
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of interest to Americans who seek t
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Pipes, Daniel. 1983. In the Path of
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34 - Esposito, John L. 1999. The Ox
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Procedures/Activities: 1. Introduct
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Name ______________________________
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Post-WWII European Economy Economic
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The specter of inflation and curren
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Post-WWII European Economy Rebuildi
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Teacher Materials A. Stimuli to Rec
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c. The majority of migrants from ou
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Ask them if we as a country struggl
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with the class. Make a list on the
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6. During the class discussion/shar
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NAME RISE OF ISLAM DATE Read all di
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NAME DATE NAPOLEONIC EUROPE 1812 Re
Page 98: NAME EUROPE 1914 DATE Read all dire
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Page 103 and 104: NAME DATE EUROPE AFTER THE FIRST WO
Page 105 and 106: NAME DATE EUROPE 1939 Read all dire
Page 107 and 108: NAME DATE MODERN EUROPE Read all di
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Page 113 and 114: Evolving Religious & Cultural Ident
Page 115 and 116: European Union Countries with The L
Page 117 and 118: MUSLIM WORLD MAPS 116
Page 119 and 120: Modern Muslims In Europe 1945 - Pre
Page 121 and 122: Isolated Disadvantaged Segregated P
Page 123 and 124: Why Are Europeans Worried? Cont…
Page 125 and 126: Your Assignment 1) Read the Christi
Page 127 and 128: Center for Middle Eastern Studies a
Page 129 and 130: epeatedly in public appearances, se
Page 131 and 132: (EUMC), Europe's ethnic minorities
Page 133 and 134: Male Hijab The Kufi Why Do Some Lad
Page 135 and 136: Types of Hijab • The al-amira is
Page 137 and 138: Does this picture surprise you? Why
Page 139 and 140: There has been lots of controversy
Page 141 and 142: French headscarf ban opens rifts By
Page 143: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3
Page 147 and 148: ut I think it is those women who ar
Page 149 and 150: Austria Demographics There are appr
Page 151 and 152: Belgium The emergence of the Muslim
Page 153 and 154: Major Muslim Organizations In the c
Page 155 and 156: framework, Applicants for a certifi
Page 157 and 158: schools, inter alia. The so-called
Page 159 and 160: In addition there are numerous loca
Page 161 and 162: and called it a “timid, narrow-mi
Page 163 and 164: The largest Muslim organisation is
Page 165 and 166: to have separate education for memb
Page 167 and 168: Schools In Cordoba, the Ibn Rushd I
Page 169 and 170: An influx of economic refugees Clos
Page 171 and 172: channel. They have been sentenced f
Page 173 and 174: Islamisk Samling (PIS, Political Is
Page 175 and 176: Statistics also show that the Musli
Page 177 and 178: The foundation of the Geneva Mosque
Page 179 and 180: Media’s Reviews and publications
Page 181 and 182: United Kingdom Number of Muslims an
Page 183 and 184: English is the main medium of instr
Page 185 and 186: Barriers to a Multicultural Europe
Page 187 and 188: Unemployment Muslim Unemployment Ty
Page 189: The Mosque of Rome 188
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