POTASSIUM CHLORIDE CAS N°: 7447-40-7

OECD SIDS POTASSIUM CHLORIDE
Date: 30-MAR-2003
5. Toxicity Substance ID: 7447-40-7
secondary active transport of sodium, and also
passive diffusion.
Excretion and retention of potassium is regulated
by the main adrenal cortical hormones, although
the pituary also influences electrolyte balance
in the body. Adrenal mineralocorticoids such as
aldosterone increase tubular reabsorption of
sodium in association with secretion of potassium
and H + , and also reabsorption with chloride.
Chloride reabsorption is increased when
bicarbonate reabsorption is decreased, and vice
versa.
Normal homeostatic mechanisms controlling the
serum potassium levels allow a wide range of
dietary intake. The renal excretory mechanism is
designed for efficient removal of excess K,
rather for its conservation during deficiency.
Even with no intake of K, man loses a minimum of
585-1170 mg K per day. However, the distribution
of potassium between the intracellular and the
extracellular fluids can markedly affect the
serum potassium level without a change in total
body potassium.
In the parietal cells in the gastric mucosa, H +
and Cl - are transported actively across the apical
membrane into the lumen of the stomach. This
secretion of HCl is regulated by the hormone
gastrin in response to intragastric protein and
stomach distention.
Source:
Norsk Hydro ASA
Reliability: (1) reliable without restrictions
Flag: non confidential
01-MAR-2001 (30)(32)(35)(45)(65)(74)
Type:
Remark:
Therapeutic uses
Diarrhea, emsis, diuresis, starvation, prolonged
saline infusion, renal filaure, or dietary
deficiency, may lead to K deficiency. Hypokalemia
is characterized by muscle weakness, cardiac
arrythmia, paralysis, bone fragility, sterility,
adrenal hypertrophy, decreased growth rate, loss
of weight and death.
Potassium chloride is of value for the relief of
symptoms of hypokaliemic periodic paralysis, and
the symptoms of Meniere’s disease. Daily intake of
potassium decreases the risk of stroke-associated
mortality.
Source:
Reliability:
Usual therapeutic doses for oral solution-adults
are 1.5-3 g/day to prevent depletion, and 3-7.5
g/day for replacement. Doses given by intravenous
infusion (adults) is not to exceed a total dose
of 200-400 mEq/day, depending on plasma potassium
levels.
Norsk Hydro ASA
(1) reliable without restrictions
80
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