Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste ...

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Industrial Water and Wastewater Technology IWT We emphasis mainly in offering our professional advice to clients from the textile finishing industry and paper industry, gastronomy- and food-industry, the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry, the chemical as well as the metal and automobile industry. Alongside plant internal solutions we also create decentral as well as central solutions by developing extensive purification processes for the treatment of industrial wastewater at communal treatment plant. Therefore a series of aerobic and anaerobic biological degradation tests are carried out in advance. Further emphasis of ours is the treatment of leachate of landfills using biological and chemical-physical processes. For example we are developing adaptable modular processes for the aftercare operations of landfills at reduced leachate levels and toxic concentrations. Therefore the use of carbon adsorption processes and membrane processes play an essential role in our work. Here at the IWT department we also deal with topics such as water and waste recycling as well as saving resources. Exemplary is our expert’s assessment of industrial residues as alternative fuel in the cement industry as well as the sludge incineration in cement plants. Our department is an official control center of the “Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik (DIBt)” in Berlin which is responsible for controlling plants for the limitation of hydrocarbons in wastewater including mineral oils. Our department also offers lectures in the following courses: Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Process Engineering, WAREM (Water Resources Engineering and Management) and WASTE (Air Quality Control, Solid Waste and Wastewater Process Engineering). Our department also offers its courses at different universities abroad, e.g. to Brazil and cooperates with Latin American facilities. Which enables such programs as the cooperation of the Universidade Federal do Parana (UFPR) and the national environmental protection industry Servico Nacional de Aprendizagen Industrial (SENAI/ PR) in Curitiba/ Brazil to create the new Masters program EDUBRAS-MAUI (communal and industrial environmental protection) under management of the IWT Department and under German standards. Furthermore our Department offers so called “Summer Schools” in the area of environmental protection in various Brazilian states. 35
Chair of Sanitary Engineering and Water Recycling Projects An example of economically, flexible and sustainable treatments based on the case of hazardous wastewater from landfill The treatment of leakage from landfill with active charcoal is state of the art technology. The goal of this landfill leakage treatment is to reduce the parameter of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and adsorbable organic halogens (AOX). This goal is easily achieved by using activated charcoal. For this procedure it is common to use granulated activated charcoal. At the Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management at the University of Stuttgart there was a project called ”development of a process for the separation and reuse of powdered activated charcoal (PAC) in the wastewater treatment”, which was sponsored by the BMBF. During the course of this project an extra research topic came up regarding a process that justifies the use of PAC in the landfill leakage treatment according to the variable needs of the landfill operators. After a landfill is filled and no new waste is allowed to be added, it is normally covered up in order to minimize additional rainwater from seeping in and creating additional leakage. From this point on the amount of land leakage sinks, but at the same time the structure of the leakage changes. Due to the low cost and short usage time it make sense to implement a flexible process that easily adapts itself to the changing amounts of landfill leakage and to its polluting load. Since the year 2005 according to the regulations of TA Siedlungsabfall it is only allowed to deposit waste containing dry organic solids less than 3 mass-% and 5 mass-%. This fact makes it indispensable having and fill leakage and to decrease pollution loads. After considering the latter aspects it has been proven that an adsorption process with PAC and then a following treatment of PAC in the sewage treatment plant is not only an affordable, but also a flexible treatment procedure during the period that the landfill is shut down. This method guarantees the necessary cleaning performance through the adsorption of the pollution load to the PAC. The treatment loaded PAC at a communal sewage treatment plant makes it possible to manage without PAC separation and therefore it isn’t necessary to drain the PAC-sludge, which makes this procedure extremely interesting from an economical point of view. Before beginning the process of loaded PAC in a communal sewage treatment plant with a biological treatment, at ISWA a number of experiments were carried out on a laboratory scale to ensure that the substance leading to COD and AOX adsorbed in the PAC do not dissolve from the loaded PAC. Despite these results there is still great need for further research in order to ensure such a process that is risk free for the environment and the operator. The purpose of this research is to find out what the results are of initiating the use of loaded PAC from the landfill leakage treatment in a communal sewage treatment plant. Simultaneously we are also looking into the matter of transporting the PAC-suspension to the sewage treatment plant by means of the communal sewer system, and comparing this with alternative transport methods such as a truck. The latter described adsorption process without separated the loaded PAC should be compared with the more conventional methods of landfill leakage purification by conducting a cost-effectiveness analysis. The accumulated knowledge from the research related to the influence of loaded PAC in a communal sewage treatment plant can prove to be beneficial in many cases throughout different industrial branches. Financing institution: BMBF (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung) Project Partner: Abfallwirtschaftsbetrieb Main-Tauber-Kreis (AWMT) Georgi Wassertechnik GmbH, Riederich Contact Persons: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Uwe Menzel Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Schölpple Development of a mechanical-biological treatment process based on the BIOPERCOLAT®process in order to reduce the waste amount and to create refuse derived fuel For most of the developing countries and especially for many newly industrialized countries waste is getting more and more a serious problem for the environment and for the society. So far the most common way of waste disposal is to dump it into landfills. Usually these landfills are simple dumps without any sealing or coverings. Hence, leachate water can not be collected and be treated with treatment plants as we know them from Europe or other developed countries. As a consequence the surrounding environment suffers severe impacts and damages. In a global scale this way of waste disposal heavily contributes to the global warming by emitting the green house gases CO 2 and Methane. In Europe the usage of landfills for the disposal of 36
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