44. Volume 15- Number 2 - IP Australia

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PLANT VARIETIES JOURNAL 2002 VOL 15 NO. 2 Pioneer. Watering regime: Flood irrigated once 18/10/00. Chemicals: Lorsban (1L/ha) and SuSCon 29kg/ha were applied at planting and Gramoxone (1L/ha) and Diurex (2kg/ha) were used to control weeds in 2001. Fertilisers: DAP (196kg/ha – N 36kg/ha, P 40kg/ha) was applied at planting; 50/50 (400kg/ha – N100kg/ha, K 100kg/ha) was applied in Nov 2000; Trial design: clones were grown in a randomised complete block design with three replicates. Plots were single row by 9m, with 1.5m between rows. Measurements: taken from up to 20 stalks sampled randomly per plot. Prior Applications and Sales No prior application. First sold in Australia in Aug 2001. Description: Dr George Piperidis, BSES, Indooroopilly, QLD. Table 37 Saccharum varieties ‘Q197’ *‘Q96’ *‘Q124’ ____________________________________________________ LEAF CANOPY light to medium light medium ____________________________________________________ SUCKERING very few very few very few to few ____________________________________________________ ALIGNMENT OF INTERNODES strongly medium weakly zigzagged to strongly zigzagged zigzagged ____________________________________________________ INTERNODE SHAPE cylindrical to cylindrical to concave-convex bobbin- bobbinshaped shaped ____________________________________________________ INTERNODE DEWAXED COLOUR (RHS) – Exposed brown greyed-purple greyed-red (200D) and (187A) (178A and greyed-brown (199A) 181B) and greyed-yellow (160A) ____________________________________________________ INTERNODE DEWAXED COLOUR (RHS) – Unexposed yellow-green yellow-green greyed-yellow (153D) (152D to (161B) and 153B) greyed-orange (177D) ____________________________________________________ INTERNODE WAX COVERING light medium light to to heavy medium ____________________________________________________ WAX BAND DISTINCTIVENESS moderate moderate moderate to distinct ____________________________________________________ WAX BAND WIDTH narrow to narrow to narrow to medium medium medium ____________________________________________________ GROWTH CRACKS few absent to absent to very few very few ____________________________________________________ CORK CRACKS very few absent to very few to few very few to few ____________________________________________________ BUD GROOVE PRESENCE medium inconspicuous inconspicuous ____________________________________________________ BUD GROOVE LENGTH short to short to very short long medium ____________________________________________________ BUD GROOVE DEPTH shallow very shallow very shallow to shallow ____________________________________________________ ROOT BAND WIDTH – Bud Side medium medium medium to wide ____________________________________________________ BUD – PROMINENCE medium weak to weak to medium medium ____________________________________________________ BUD – SHAPE triangular pentagonal ovate pointed ____________________________________________________ BUD – POSITION OF BASE (Above Leaf Scar) near fused near ____________________________________________________ BUD – POSITION OF TIP (Relative to Growth Ring) level below level ____________________________________________________ BUD WIDTH (Excluding Wings) very narrow medium narrow to narrow ____________________________________________________ BUD WING WIDTH narrow to narrow to wide medium medium ____________________________________________________ GROWTH RING flush flush to swollen swollen ____________________________________________________ LAMINA LENGTH (TVD Leaf) (m) LSD (P≤0.01) = 0.13 mean 1.33 a 1.56 b 1.46 ab std deviation 0.11 0.09 0.12 very short medium short to to short to long medium ____________________________________________________ LAMINA WIDTH (Longitudinal Midpoint) (mm) LSD (P≤0.01) = 3.1 mean 45.4 a 39.9 b 36.5 c std deviation 3.3 3.5 5.5 medium medium narrow to to wide medium ____________________________________________________ MIDRIB WIDTH (Longitudinal Midpoint) (mm) LSD (P≤0.01) = 0.6 mean 3.7 a 4.0 a 3.0 b std deviation 0.6 0.4 0.6 narrow to medium narrow to medium medium ____________________________________________________ LAMINA WIDTH/MIDRIB WIDTH RATIO medium low medium ____________________________________________________ 68
DESCRIPTIONS PLANT VARIETIES JOURNAL 2002 VOL 15 NO. 2 LAMINA ATTITUDE curve curve curve near tip near tip near middle ____________________________________________________ LEAF SHEATH – ADHERENCE TO CULM medium absent medium to weak ____________________________________________________ LENGTH OF TVD LEAF SHEATH (cm) LSD (P≤0.01) = 2.9 mean 33.6 a 40.7 b 37.0 c std deviation 2.1 2.3 2.9 short to medium medium medium to long ____________________________________________________ HAIR GROUP 57 – OCCURRENCE sparse to sparse to medium medium medium to dense ____________________________________________________ HAIR GROUP 57 – LENGTH short to short medium medium to long ____________________________________________________ LIGULE HEIGHT medium wide medium to wide ____________________________________________________ HAIR GROUP 61 – DENSITY/ OCCURRENCE dense medium medium to dense to dense ____________________________________________________ AURICLE -PROMINENCE (Second Fully Unfurled Leaf) medium inconspicuous prominent ____________________________________________________ AURICLE SIZE – ULP small to very small medium medium to small to large ____________________________________________________ Means followed by the same letter are not significantly different at P≤0.01, Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. ‘Q198’ Application No: 2002/027 Accepted: 4 Mar 2002. Applicant: Bureau of Sugar Experiment Stations, Indooroopilly, QLD. Characteristics (Table 38, Figure 45) Ploidy: cytologically complex polyploid and aneuploid interspecific hybrid. Plant: stool growth habit erect, tillers per stool many, number of suckers few, leaf canopy light to medium. Stem: culm height (base to TVD leaf) medium with mean length approximately 2.91m (range 2.27 to 3.31m). Internode: length on bud side medium with mean length approximately 17.5cm (range 14.5 to 20.5cm), length on opposite to bud side medium with mean length approximately 17.3cm (range 14.0 to 20.6cm), diameter of longest internode central and perpendicular to bud thin to medium with mean approximately 26.6mm (range 20.7 to 33.2mm), diameter of longest internode central and dissecting bud medium with mean approximately 27.5mm (range 21.1 to 33.7mm), shape bobbin, cross-section round, colour of dewaxed internode exposed to sun yellow-green RHS 146A to 146B, unexposed colour yellow-green RHS 146D and 151D and greyed-yellow RHS 160A, waxiness light, wax band distinctiveness moderate and width narrow, expression of zigzag alignment medium, growth cracks absent, cork cracks very few. Bud groove: absent. Node: width of root band on bud side narrow (mean 8.3mm), bud prominence medium, bud shape oval with position of base near to leaf scar, bud tip in relation to growth ring level, bud width excluding wings medium, bud wing width narrow, leaf scar medium prominence and oblique descending towards bud, growth ring flush. Leaf: lamina length of TVD leaf medium with mean approximately 1.47m (range 1.21 to 1.65m), width wide with mean approximately 50.9mm (range 39.1 to 58.9mm) at longitudinal midpoint and curved near tip in attitude, midrib width of lamina at longitudinal midpoint wide with mean 4.9mm (range 3.5 to 6.2mm), ratio of lamina width/midrib width low with mean approximately 10.5 (range 8.6 to 14.1). Leaf sheath: length of leaf sheath of TVD leaf medium to long with mean approximately 32.0cm (range 29.0 to 35.5cm), adherence of sheaths of senescent leaves to culm medium, density of hairs on abaxial leaf sheath surface (Group 57) medium and length medium. Ligule: shape crescentiform, width at midrib section wide, density of cilia along the free margin of ligule (Group 61) sparse and length very short. Auricles: prominence medium, asymmetrical, shape of inner or underlapping auricle lanceolate and size medium to large, shape of outer or overlapping auricle deltoid and size large. Inflorescence: open panicle. Flowering: discontinuous. Seed or fruit: caryopsis. Disease resistance: very highly resistant to Fiji Disease Virus, highly resistant to Leaf Scald (Xanthomonas albilineans (Ashby) Dowson), resistant to intermediate to Red Rot (Glomerella tucumanensis (Spego) Arx and Mueller), and intermediate to Pachymetra Root Rot. Other characteristics: fibre quantity and quality are acceptable for milling purposes (impact reading 0.72, shear strength 33.3, short fibre 62.9%). In addition, ‘Q198’ was uniquely identified by DNA fingerprinting using microsatellite markers, and did not match any other current sugarcane DNA profile. Origin and Breeding Controlled pollination: seed parent ‘Q90’ x pollen parent ‘66N2008’ in a planned breeding program at Meringa (Gordonvale), QLD. ‘Q198’ is very highly resistant to Fiji Disease Virus (score 1), highly resistant to Leaf Scald (score 2), and intermediate to Pachymetra Root Rot (score 5), while ‘Q90’ is intermediate to susceptible to Fiji Disease Virus (score 6), highly susceptible to Pachymetra Root Rot (score 8), and ‘66N2008’ is intermediate to susceptible to Pachymetra Root Rot (score 6). ‘Q198’ has been evaluated and selected by BSES in yield trials on the Meringa Sugar Experiment Station at Gordonvale and sites within the sugarcane growing area of the Northern region. Standard commercial varieties were also included in the trials for comparative purposes. Selection criteria: cane yield, ccs, and sugar yield have been the main selection criteria. Disease resistance screening was conducted at the pathology farm (Eight Mile Plains) and in the Tully glasshouse. Propagation: after an initial seedling stage (using seed from the cross), all subsequent stages have involved vegetative propagation. Breeder: Bureau of Sugar Experiment Stations. QLD Choice of Comparators ‘Q138’ and ‘Q187’ were chosen as they are the most similar varieties grown in the Northern region. Together, these varieties accounted for about 6.3 % (611,000 t) of the Northern region crop in 2001. Neither parent was included as a comparator as both have been 69
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44. Volume 15- Number 2 - IP Australia

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