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were ._..._.,JIJ'-"" .... "''-' .... ~ ........ countries these technologies developed, TV broadcasts have a tardive start. attempts of broadcasting 953 University; absence of a transmitter, broadcasts were restrained public broadcasting was enabled by of broadcasting It is possible to histarical "~uu.ı"""· no.210, Ankara, 1989.
12 İSTANBUL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE Similar to the BBC model that was used in the country as an example by the supporters and executives of this attempt, the first years of TV broadcasting in Turkey are defined by public broadcasting. The primal objective is to offer to the public the news with sound and image, educational and inforınative content via this new technology. The very essence of this approach which prioritizes public service is the execution of TV broadcasts by an autonomous institution in a politically impartial manner. However, as seen on the table below which show s the important mo men ts in Turkish television history, Turkish Radio and Television Corporation' s (TRT) principle of autonomy was abrogated in 1971 during another military intervention, preserving only the principle of impartiality. The 70s, the decade in which audiences really got acquainted with television, represent also a one-channel system period producing content in accordance with state monopoly. Although the broadcasting hours had increased, seven days a week broadcast had started and reaching all parts of Turkey was planned; a widespread access could not be maintained due to technical and socio-economic problems. Nevertheless, when analyzed sociologically, it is observed that, even ın those years when not every household passessed a TV, nearly everyone had already become aTV viewer, and that the seeds of "TV culture" which would take shape 40 years later, were planted at those times. The interest of public in this medium even in its first years can be explained by the attachment of the public to preceding visual culture products, especially to cinema. Asa matter of fact, the particular intere st of viewers in TV dramas is a strong indication of the transitivity between these two mediums and of the transformatian of TV series to an independent "social fact" today. In its first years, TV has also been an instmment of intensive socialization. In those times when the level of equipment was poor at households, it was a common practice to visit families who had TV on days that important shows were on and to watch the show question with them. "Tele-visiting" has triggered coınmentaries about the TV shows, arguments that were linked to subjects discussed on TV and also has
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