2013 Briefing Book - Print Version - Aipac

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IRAN A History of Targeting Americans Iranian-sponsored terrorists have a long history of targeting Americans and U.S. interests around the world. From the 1983 bombing of the U.S. Marine barracks in Beirut (killing 241 American servicemen) to the 1996 bombing of the Khobar Towers in Saudi Arabia (killing 19 American servicemen), Iran’s terrorist proxies have killed more Americans than any group other than al-Qaeda. Hamas suicide bombers and other terrorists backed by Iran have killed dozens of Americans in Israel. During the past decade, Iran has targeted American forces in Iraq and Afghanistan, providing weapons, financing and training to Iraqi insurgents and the Taliban. Iranian-produced improvised explosive devices have been directly responsible for the deaths of American soldiers in both conflicts. Most recently, U.S. authorities uncovered an Iranian plot to assassinate Saudi Arabia’s ambassador to the United States while he ate at a popular Washington, D.C., restaurant, an attack that would potentially have killed not only him but also numerous bystanders. The United States also accused Iran of planning to bomb the Israeli embassy in Washington and the Saudi and Israeli embassies in Argentina. The attack on the U.S. Marine barracks in Beirut in 1983 by the Iranian-backed Hizballah killed 241 American servicemen. Iran Bankrolls Hizballah Terrorist Activities Iranian support for Hizballah—whose supporters regularly chant “Death to America, Death to Israel” at rallies—is one of the clearest examples of Tehran’s support for terrorist activity. Iran is the primary supplier of Hizballah’s arsenal of 60,000 rockets and missiles. In November 2009, Israeli naval forces seized a single cargo ship carrying 320 tons of Iranian weapons intended for Hizballah. By providing sophisticated weapons to the Islamist group, Iran blatantly violates numerous U.N. Security Council resolutions, including Resolution 1747, which forbids Iran from exporting any weapons. 129
IRAN The Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC)—itself a designated terrorist organization— provides Hizballah with training, weapons and millions of dollars each year. Iran Backs Hamas’ Military Buildup in Gaza Just as it supports Hizballah’s war against Israel, Iran also provides critical aid to the terrorist group Hamas, which openly calls for Israel’s destruction. By networking with smugglers in Yemen and Africa, Iran sends cash and weapons through Egypt to the Gaza Strip. Iran transfers thousands of mortars and hundreds of rockets to Hamas, including longer-range rockets capable of striking Tel Aviv from Gaza. In November 2012, Israeli forces destroyed dozens of Iranian Fajr-5 rockets in Gaza after Hamas successfully launched a handful of these weapons at the outskirts of Jerusalem and Tel Aviv. Iran also provides key financial support to Hamas. While exact figures are difficult to verify, estimates start at $30 million annually, but may be several times as much. The United States Works to Intercept Iranian Arms The U.S. military and intelligence services have worked to uncover and disrupt Iranian weapons shipments. In 2009, the U.S. Navy intercepted at least two vessels containing shipments of Iranian arms destined for Hamas and Hizballah. Both of the shipments were arranged by the Islamic Republic of Iran Shipping Lines (IRISL), which the U.S. Treasury Department sanctioned in 2008 for facilitating shipments of militaryrelated cargo to Iran. The EU and the U.N. Security Council have sanctioned IRISL since then. EGYPT IRAN’S ARMS SMUGGLING ROUTES Iran provides advanced weaponry to Hamas in Gaza and Hizballah in Lebanon through various land, sea and air routes. LEBANON ISRAEL GAZA SYRIA JORDAN IRAQ SAUDI ARABIA KUWAIT IRAN BAHRAIN QATAR U.A.E. OMAN In the aftermath of the 2009 conflict in Gaza, the United States and Israel signed a historic SUDAN YEMEN 130
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1 1 3 T H C O N G R E S S • 1 S T
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREIGN AID 102 F
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INTRODUCTION What AIPAC Supports Th
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WHY ISRAEL MATTERS Why Israel Matte
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WHY ISRAEL MATTERS The Jewish Conne
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THE HISTORY OF ISRAEL’S BORDERS L
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WHY ISRAEL MATTERS massacres, prese
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WHY ISRAEL MATTERS An Ancient Capit
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WHY ISRAEL MATTERS Israel. However,
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WHY ISRAEL MATTERS What Congress Di
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WHY ISRAEL MATTERS Israel Shares Am
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WHY ISRAEL MATTERS Israel Respects
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WHY ISRAEL MATTERS prime minister.
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WHY ISRAEL MATTERS What Congress Ha
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WHY ISRAEL MATTERS Israel Provides
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WHY ISRAEL MATTERS Israeli agricult
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WHY ISRAEL MATTERS Israeli High-Tec
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RELATIONSHIP Relationship—Key Pri
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RELATIONSHIP The United States Has
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RELATIONSHIP that providing militar
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RELATIONSHIP What Congress Has Done
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RELATIONSHIP Israel Is America’s
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RELATIONSHIP boosting Israel’s ro
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RELATIONSHIP cooperation between th
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RELATIONSHIP State, Local Officials
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RELATIONSHIP America’s Oil Depend
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RELATIONSHIP The United States and
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RELATIONSHIP oil through the deploy
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RELATIONSHIP The U.S.-Israel Econom
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RELATIONSHIP Apple, Google, Intel a
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RELATIONSHIP Israeli companies have
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RELATIONSHIP What Congress Has Done
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ISRAEL AT RISK Why Israel Is at Ris
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ISRAEL AT RISK Iran: The Leading St
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TERRORIST BUILDUP IN GAZA Ashkelon
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ISRAEL AT RISK U.N. Security Counci
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ISRAEL AT RISK The Missile Threat I
Page 79 and 80: THE IRANIAN MISSILE THREAT BEL LARU
Page 81 and 82: ISRAEL AT RISK Syrian Weapons Arsen
Page 83 and 84: ISRAEL AT RISK What Congress Has Do
Page 85 and 86: ISRAEL AT RISK Iran Pursues Nukes,
Page 89 and 90: ISRAEL AT RISK A Region in Flux The
Page 91 and 92: ISRAEL AT RISK The Egyptian militar
Page 93 and 94: WHY ISRAEL MATTERS What Congress Ha
Page 95 and 96: ISRAEL AT RISK From Double Standard
Page 97 and 98: ISRAEL AT RISK repeatedly held “E
Page 99 and 100: ISRAEL AT RISK 2002 alone, Palestin
Page 103 and 104: FOREIGN AID Foreign Aid—Key Princ
Page 105 and 106: FOREIGN AID U.S.-Israel Agreement A
Page 107 and 108: FOREIGN AID The most recent U.S.-pr
Page 109 and 110: INCREASED THREATS, INCREASED COSTS:
Page 111 and 112: FOREIGN AID Keeping America Safe, S
Page 113 and 114: FOREIGN AID Securing America, Stren
Page 115 and 116: FOREIGN AID Foreign aid plays a cri
Page 117 and 118: FOREIGN AID What Congress Has Done
Page 119 and 120: IRAN Iran—Key Principles PREVENT
Page 121 and 122: IRAN How a Nuclear Iran Would Under
Page 123 and 124: IRAN UNDERMINE AMERICA’S CREDIBIL
Page 125 and 126: IRAN purpose but to produce and tes
Page 127 and 128: IRAN In 2012, the Obama administrat
Page 129: IRAN A Terrorist Regime Iran is the
Page 133 and 134: IRAN What Congress Has Done to Coun
Page 135 and 136: IRAN The Regime Has a Long History
Page 137 and 138: IRAN What Congress Has Done to Oppo
Page 139 and 140: PEACE PROCESS The Peace Process—K
Page 141 and 142: PEACE PROCESS United States, Israel
Page 143 and 144: PEACE PROCESS a state in other U.N.
Page 145 and 146: PEACE PROCESS THE UNITED STATES SHO
Page 147 and 148: ISRAEL’S QUEST FOR PEACE Even bef
Page 149 and 150: PEACE PROCESS What Congress Has Don
Page 151 and 152: PEACE PROCESS Hamas: 25 Years of Te
Page 153 and 154: PEACE PROCESS right and real way to
Page 155 and 156: PEACE PROCESS What Congress Has Don
Page 157 and 158: SYRIA-LEBANON Syria and Lebanon—K
Page 159 and 160: SYRIA-LEBANON The Syrian Regime Has
Page 161 and 162: SYRIA-LEBANON can consolidate the m
Page 163 and 164: SYRIA-LEBANON ASSAD REJECTED U.S. O
Page 165 and 166: SYRIA-LEBANON What Congress Has Don
Page 167 and 168: SYRIA-LEBANON Hizballah Serves as I
Page 169: SYRIA-LEBANON What Congress Has Don
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