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Chitosan Loaded Mucoadhesive Microspheres of Gliclazide - Journal

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different combination were mild in nature and none were<br />

serious and life threatening. Also, cost effective analysis<br />

endorsed the fact that azithromycin with cefotaxime<br />

combination was more cost effective.<br />

Hence, it is concluded that combination <strong>of</strong> azithromycin with<br />

cefotaxime was best among the three in treating LRTI.<br />

LIMITATIONS<br />

Several limitations <strong>of</strong> the present study should be addressed.<br />

1. Microbiological studies were not routinely carried out on<br />

sputum samples before initiation <strong>of</strong> the antibiotic therapy, to<br />

determine the causative organism and to follow the<br />

appropriate treatment guidelines.<br />

2. Subsequently microbiological tests should also be carried<br />

out on sputum samples at the end <strong>of</strong> the therapy in order to<br />

determine the efficacy <strong>of</strong> the antibiotics used and complete<br />

removal <strong>of</strong> causative micro-organism.<br />

3. The prolongation <strong>of</strong> stay in the hospital <strong>of</strong> many <strong>of</strong> the<br />

patients could have been indirectly due to the underlying<br />

concomitant illness.<br />

ACKNOWLEDGMENT<br />

We thank Principal and Management <strong>of</strong> Al-Ameen college <strong>of</strong><br />

Pharmacy, Bangalore, India for providing the necessary<br />

funding and support and The Medical Superintendent <strong>of</strong><br />

St.Martha's Hospital for permitting us to carry out the study<br />

in their hospital.<br />

REFERENCES<br />

Imran Ahmad Khan et al./ Assessment <strong>of</strong> Various Combination <strong>of</strong> Drugs Used In Treatment <strong>of</strong> Lower Respiratory Tract Infection<br />

Table. 4 Cost Effectiveness Ratio, Cost Effective ratio = Cost <strong>of</strong> treatment for 7 days / Reduction <strong>of</strong> symptoms by 100%<br />

Cost <strong>of</strong> Treatment = Cost <strong>of</strong> Drug + Other associated costs (Syringe)<br />

TREATMENT SPUTUM COUGH WHEEZING DYSPNOEA FEVER DISCOLO AVERAGE<br />

PRODUCTION URED<br />

SPUTUM<br />

Azithromycin +<br />

Ceftriaxone<br />

1497 1497 1621 3234 3897 1621 2230<br />

Azithromycin +<br />

Cefotaxime<br />

1251 1042 1158 2408 2841 1202 1650<br />

Azithromycin +<br />

Ceftriaxone<br />

1822 2272 1822 2280 3043 4545 2631<br />

*in Rs for 100% decrease in symptoms<br />

1. L o w e r r e s p i r a t o r y Tr a c t i n f e c t i o n s . A v a i l a b l e f r o m<br />

http://www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk/articles/article.aspx?articleId=316&secti<br />

onId=9. [24 screens]<br />

145<br />

2. Liberman D, Korsonsky I, et. al. A comparative study <strong>of</strong> the etiology <strong>of</strong><br />

adult upper and lowert respiratory tract infections in the community.<br />

Diag Microb Infec Disesa 2002;42:21-8.<br />

3. Schouten JA,Hulscher MEJL, JWM, Grol RPTM et., al. Quality <strong>of</strong><br />

antibiotic use <strong>of</strong> lower respiratory tract infections at hospitals: (How)<br />

can we measure it? Clin Infec Diseas 2005;41:450-60.<br />

4. Seppa Y, Bloigu A,Honkanen PO, et. al. Severity assessment <strong>of</strong> lower<br />

respiratory tract infection in elderly patients in primary care. Arch<br />

Intern Med 2001;161:2709-713.<br />

5. Simpson JCG, Hulse P, et. al.Do radiographic features <strong>of</strong> acute<br />

infection influence management <strong>of</strong> lower respiratory tract infections in<br />

the community? Eur Respir J.1998;12:1384-7.<br />

6. Liberman D, Shvartzman P, et., al. Diagnosis <strong>of</strong> ambulatory<br />

community aquired pneumonia. Scand J Prim Health Care 2003;<br />

21:57-60.<br />

7. Hooton TM, Levy SB. Confronting the antibiotic resistance crisis:<br />

making appropriate therapeutic decisions in community medical<br />

practice. Infect Med 2004; 21 (3):114-22.<br />

8. Stolz D, Crain MC, Gencay MM, et., al.Diagnostic values <strong>of</strong> signs ,<br />

symptoms and laboratory values in lower respiratory tract infection.<br />

Swiss Med Wkly 2006;136:434-40.<br />

9. PlouffeJ, Schwartz DB, et., al. Clinical efficacy <strong>of</strong> Intravenous followed<br />

by oral azithromycin monotherpy in hospitalized patients with<br />

community-aquired pneumonia. Anti Microb Agents Chemother<br />

200;44:1796-802.<br />

10. Ortqvist A. treatment <strong>of</strong> community acquired lower respiratory tract<br />

infections in adults. Eur Respir J 2002; 20:40-50.<br />

Address for Correspondence<br />

th<br />

Imran Ahmad Khan, M. Pharm, Biocon India Ltd, 20 KM, Hosur Road,<br />

Electronic City, Bangalore- 560100, Karnataka, India<br />

E-Mail: iam_khan2000@yahoo.co.in

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