2010 Rhode Island Kids Count Factbook

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Children with Special Needs Medical Assistance for Children With Special Health Care Needs ◆ As of December 31, 2009, there were 5,805 Rhode Island children and youth under age 21 receiving Medical Assistance benefits through their enrollment in the federal Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. 20,21 ◆ The Katie Beckett eligibility provision provides Medical Assistance coverage to children under age 19 who have serious disabling conditions, in order to enable them to be cared for at home instead of in an institution. 22 As of December 31, 2009, there were 1,346 Rhode Island children enrolled through the Katie Beckett provision. 23 ◆ Children with special needs enrolled in Medical Assistance in Rhode Island have shown significant gains in access to needed health services and reductions in emergency care and hospitalization use since 1997. Increases have been reported by parents in access to specialists, behavioral health and nutrition counseling, oral health services, therapeutic child care, and parent support services. 24,25 References Children With Special Needs in the Child Welfare System ◆ Children and youth who are in the child welfare system are more likely to have special needs, including behavioral and emotional health concerns, developmental delays, and serious health problems than other children. Children often enter the child welfare system in poor health and face difficulties accessing services while in care. 26,27 ◆ As of December 31, 2009, there were 2,489 children in Rhode Island enrolled in Medical Assistance through the child welfare system. 28 Rhode Island youth in care on their 18th birthday are provided with RIte Care health insurance coverage until their 21st birthday through the Post Foster Care Medical Assistance provision. 29 ◆ Children who are adopted through the Rhode Island Department of Children, Youth and Families and have special needs may qualify for Medical Assistance coverage. As of December 31, 2009, 2,476 children in Rhode Island were enrolled in Medical Assistance because of special needs adoptions. 30 Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) ◆ Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) includes a range of brain development disorders that affect a person’s ability to communicate, process and respond to sensory information, 0200 and form social relationships throughout their lives. Children diagnosed with 0 180 ASDs have a variety of symptoms and experience challenges and abilities that 0160 vary 0140 that range widely in severity. Many children with ASDs face challenges in social interaction, 0 120 speech/language and communication, and demonstrate repetitive behaviors 0100 and 080 routines. 31 060 040 Children 0 20 Ages Three to 21 With Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs), 0 Rhode Island, December 1993 through December 2009 2,000 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 38 1,630 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Source: Rhode Island Department of Elementary and Secondary Education, Office of Diverse Learners, December 1993 through December 2009. ◆ The national ASD prevalence (including mild to severe disorders) is estimated to be one out of every 110 children (one out of 70 boys and one out of 315 girls). 32,33 In December 2009, there were 1,630 Rhode Island children ages three to 21 with an ASD who received special education services. 34 The significant increase in the number of children with ASDs nationally and in Rhode Island is largely attributable to improved awareness and diagnosis, a broadening of the educational definition of autism to include other ASDs, as well as an increase in the risk of developing ASDs. 35,36 ◆ Research indicates that early, sustained and appropriate identification and intervention can result in significant improvements in the quality of life, level of independent functioning in school and work, and reduction of public costs associated with ASDs. Interventions for children and youth with ASDs are costly and require skilled professionals to deliver them, often resulting in gaps in access. 37,38 1,10 Rhode Island Department of Health. (2008). Children with special healthcare needs in Rhode Island. Retrieved January 28, 2010 from www.health.ri.gov 2 Who are children with special health care needs? (n.d.). Retrieved January 28, 2010 from www.familyvoices.org/info/cshcn.php (continued on page 165) 2010 Rhode Island KIDS COUNT Factbook 61
Breastfeeding DEFINITION Breastfeeding is the percentage of newborn infants who are exclusively breastfed at the time of hospital discharge. SIGNIFICANCE The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) identifies breastfeeding as the ideal method of feeding and nurturing infants and recognizes breastfeeding as a critical component in achieving optimal infant and child health, growth and development. The AAP recommends exclusive breastfeeding for six months after birth, continuous breastfeeding for at least 12 months after birth, and thereafter as long as mutually desired. 1 Breastfeeding decreases infant mortality and morbidity. 2 Benefits for infants include optimal nutrition, reduced risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) as well as reduced risk for chronic conditions such as obesity, type 1 and 2 diabetes and childhood leukemia. Additionally, breastfeeding benefits mothers by creating a strong bond with infants and decreasing risk for postpartum depression, type 2 diabetes, breast and ovarian cancer. 3 Breastfeeding provides significant social and economic benefits including reduced cost to the family, reduced health care costs and reduced employee absenteeism. 4 Breastfeeding can be effectively 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 and Formula Feeding Rates in Rhode Island, 2004-2008 promoted by practices that take place 10 before, during, and after labor and Breastfeeding 0 delivery. 5 Educating new mothers and 2010 target. 12 others. Rhode Island does not have legislation that mandates support for breastfeeding women of childbearing age about Exclusive Breastfeeding Both Exclusive Formula Feeding 100% breastfeeding is instrumental to 90% 28% 27% 27% increasing practice initiation. Hospital 80% and other birth facility policies and 70% 6% practices influence the success of 20% 13% 60% 64% breastfeeding. 6 Access to professional 50% 57% lactation consultants, involvement in mother-to-mother lactation support networks, and birth facility support for breastfeeding all factor into protecting, 40% 30% 20% 10% 49% supporting and promoting 0% Core Cities Remainder of State Rhode Island breastfeeding. 7 Without adequate Source: Rhode Island Department of Health, Center for Health Data and Analysis, Newborn Developmental Risk support, women are more likely to stop Screening Program, 2004-2008. Breastfeeding and formula feeding are defined as intended feeding method at hospital breastfeeding earlier. 8 Certain social discharge. Core cities are Central Falls, Newport, Pawtucket, Providence, West Warwick, and Woonsocket. Totals may not sum to 100% because data on feeding methods were not available on 3% of births. determinants also influence exclusivity and duration of breastfeeding. Breastfeeding rates generally increase with maternal age, higher educational achievement and higher income levels. 9 ◆ Nationally in 2007, Hispanic children were the most likely to have ever been breastfed, followed by Asian and Native American children. 13 Nationally, non-Hispanic black children are the least likely to have been breastfed, although significant increases in breastfeeding rates have occurred in this group since the mid-1990s. 14 Healthy People 2010, the nation’s health agenda, established target breastfeeding rates of 75% at birth, 50% at 6 months and 25% at one year. 10 Rhode Island exceeded the ◆ Between 2004 and 2008, more than half (57%) of all women who gave birth in Rhode Island chose to exclusively breastfeed their children, nearly one-third (27%) chose to exclusively formula feed, 13% chose to use a combination of breast and formula feeding and data on feeding method was not available for 3% of births. 15 Healthy People 2010 goal with 75% of infants born in 2006 having ever been breastfed. 11 Nationally, the percentage of infants who were ever breastfed has ◆ Of new mothers in Rhode Island between 2004 and 2008 who were surveyed approximately 3 months after giving birth, 73% reported having ever breastfed. Fifty-two percent of these mothers reported continued breastfeeding at the time of the survey. 16 significantly increased from 60% among infants born in 1993-1994 to 77% among infants born between 2005- 2006, which exceeds the Healthy People ◆ In 2008, the Rhode Island General Assembly enacted a law that provides mothers with the explicit right to breastfeed in public places. Despite protective laws, mothers and babies who breastfeed in public can still face obstacles and negative reactions from mothers who return to work, as do fifteen other states. 17 62 2010 Rhode Island KIDS COUNT Factbook / Health
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2010 Rhode Island Kids Count Factbo
Page 3 and 4:
Rhode Island KIDS COUNT Board of Di
Page 5 and 6:
Overview From: I’ll Be You and Yo
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Family and Community From: On Freed
Page 10 and 11:
Table 1. Child Population, Rhode Is
Page 12 and 13: Children in Single-Parent Families
Page 14 and 15: Table 3. Grandparents Caring for Gr
Page 16 and 17: Infants Born at Highest Risk Table
Page 18 and 19: Table 5. Births by Education Level
Page 20 and 21: Racial and Ethnic Diversity Table 6
Page 22 and 23: Racial and Ethnic Disparities Econo
Page 24 and 25: Racial and Ethnic Disparities Rhode
Page 27 and 28: 600 Median Family Income DEFINITION
Page 29 and 30: Cost of Housing 1300 1200 1100 DEFI
Page 31 and 32: Homeless Children DEFINITION Homele
Page 33 and 34: Secure Parental Employment DEFINITI
Page 35 and 36: Children Receiving Child Support DE
Page 37 and 38: 35 Children in Poverty DEFINITION C
Page 39 and 40: Children in Poverty Financial Asset
Page 41 and 42: 2000 Children in Families Receiving
Page 43 and 44: Children in Families Receiving Cash
Page 45 and 46: Children Receiving SNAP Benefits 75
Page 47 and 48: Women and Children Participating in
Page 49 and 50: 50 Children Participating in School
Page 51: Health Make Music with Your Life by
Page 54 and 55: Children’s Health Insurance Table
Page 56 and 57: 010 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 Vaccina
Page 58 and 59: Access to Dental Care Oral Health S
Page 60 and 61: Children’s Mental Health Referenc
Page 64 and 65: Table 17. Breastfeeding Rates, Rhod
Page 66 and 67: Women with Delayed Prenatal Care Ta
Page 68 and 69: Preterm Births Table 19. Preterm Bi
Page 70 and 71: Table 20. Low Birthweight Infants,
Page 72 and 73: Infant Mortality Table 21. Infant M
Page 74 and 75: Table 22. Lead Poisoning in Childre
Page 76 and 77: Table 23. Asthma Hospitalizations f
Page 78 and 79: Housing and Health Key Principles o
Page 80 and 81: 20 15 Childhood Obesity 10 20% 15%
Page 82 and 83: Table 24. Births to Teens, Ages 15-
Page 84 and 85: Alcohol, Drug and Cigarette Use by
Page 87 and 88: 30 Child Deaths DEFINITION Child de
Page 89 and 90: Youth Violence DEFINITION Youth vio
Page 91 and 92: Disconnected Youth DEFINITION Disco
Page 93 and 94: Juveniles Referred to Family Court
Page 95 and 96: Juveniles at the Training School DE
Page 97 and 98: Juveniles at the Training School Gi
Page 99 and 100: Children of Incarcerated Parents DE
Page 101 and 102: Children Witnessing Domestic Violen
Page 103 and 104: Child Abuse and Neglect DEFINITION
Page 105 and 106: Child Abuse and Neglect Indicated A
Page 107 and 108: Children in Out-of-Home Placement D
Page 109 and 110: Permanency for Children in DCYF Car
Page 111: Child of the Sun by Lillian M. Fish
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Table 31. Rhode Island Public Schoo
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Table 32. Infants and Toddlers Enro
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Table 33. Children Ages Birth to Th
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Infant and Preschool Child Care Tab
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Table 35. Measuring Quality in Earl
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Children Enrolled in Head Start Tab
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Full-Day Kindergarten Table 37. Chi
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Children Receiving Child Care Subsi
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Federal Financing After-School Care
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English Language Learners Table 40.
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Table 41. Kindergarten Through 12th
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Table 42. Student Mobility and Stab
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Fourth-Grade Reading Skills Table 4
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Eighth-Grade Reading Skills Table 4
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Table 45. Fourth and Eighth Grade M
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Schools Making Insufficient Progres
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Chronic Early Absence Table 47. Chr
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School Attendance Table 48. Student
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Table 49. Disciplinary Actions, Rho
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High School Graduation Rate Table 5
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College Preparation and Access Tabl
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Teens Not in School and Not Working
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Methodology The 2010 Rhode Island K
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Methodology & References Family Inc
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References 6 U.S. Census Bureau, Am
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References 13,15 Rhode Island Depar
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References (continued from page 63)
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References 15 U.S. Department of He
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References RICHIST, 2009. 29 Safety
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References 16,21 Chang, H. N. & Agu
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Rhode Island KIDS COUNT Committees
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Acknowledgements The 2010 Rhode Isl
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Acknowledgements Michael Burk, RI D
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Notes 180 2010 Rhode Island KIDS CO
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2010 Rhode Island Kids Count Factbook

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