2010 Rhode Island Kids Count Factbook

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Table 22. Lead Poisoning in Children Entering Kindergarten in the Fall of 2011, Rhode Island Children with Lead Poisoning SCREENED WITH BLOOD LEAD LEVEL CONFIRMED WITH BLOOD LEAD LEVEL NUMBER TESTED >10 mcg/dL >10 mcg/dL CITY/TOWN FOR LEAD POISONING NUMBER PERCENT NUMBER PERCENT Barrington 160 2 1.3% 1 0.6% Bristol 222 9 4.1% 1 0.5% Burrillville 158 3 1.9% 3 1.9% Central Falls 378 20 5.3% 18 4.8% Charlestown 82 2 2.4% 1 1.2% Coventry 325 4 1.2% 4 1.2% Cranston 815 21 2.6% 16 2.0% Cumberland 365 3 0.8% 2 0.5% East Greenwich 148 0 0.0% 0 0.0% East Providence 539 16 3.0% 5 0.9% Exeter 46 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Foster 44 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Glocester 71 1 1.4% 1 1.4% Hopkinton 85 3 3.5% 0 0.0% Jamestown 32 2 6.3% 1 3.1% Johnston 266 6 2.3% 4 1.5% Lincoln 189 3 1.6% 1 0.5% Little Compton 28 5 17.9% 0 0.0% Middletown 225 5 2.2% 1 0.4% Narragansett 89 2 2.2% 1 1.1% New Shoreham 5 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Newport 340 12 3.5% 4 1.2% North Kingstown 291 5 1.7% 2 0.7% North Providence 269 2 0.7% 2 0.7% North Smithfield 96 1 1.0% 1 1.0% Pawtucket 1,056 47 4.5% 35 3.3% Portsmouth 171 2 1.2% 2 1.2% Providence 2,937 175 6.0% 151 5.1% Richmond 52 2 3.8% 2 3.8% Scituate 93 4 4.3% 2 2.2% Smithfield 155 2 1.3% 2 1.3% South Kingstown 295 4 1.4% 3 1.0% Tiverton 135 6 4.4% 0 0.0% Warren 127 6 4.7% 2 1.6% Warwick 774 18 2.3% 8 1.0% West Greenwich 52 0 0.0% 0 0.0% West Warwick 368 6 1.6% 2 0.5% Westerly 257 7 2.7% 4 1.6% Woonsocket 640 30 4.7% 20 3.1% Unknown Residence 4 0 NA 0 NA Core Cities 5,719 290 5.1% 230 4.0% Remainder of State 6,661 146 2.2% 72 1.1% Rhode Island 12,384 436 3.5% 302 2.4% Source of Data for Table/Methodology Rhode Island Department of Health, Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program. Data for children entering kindergarten in the fall of 2011 reflect the number of Rhode Island children eligible to enter school in the fall of 2011 (i.e., born between 9/1/05 and 8/31/06). Children who screened positive for lead poisoning (blood lead level >10 mcg/dL) are counted if they screened positive with an unconfirmed capillary test at any time in their lives prior to the end of December 2009. Children confirmed positive for lead poisoning (blood lead level >10 mcg/dL) are counted if they screened positive with a venous test and/or had a confirmed capillary test at any time in their lives prior to the end of December 2009. The Rhode Island Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program recommends that children under age six with a capillary blood lead level of >10 mcg/dL receive a confirmatory venous test. The denominator is the number of children entering school in the fall of 2011 who were tested for lead poisoning. Screening data are based on the highest lead test result through December 2009. Data include both venous and confirmed capillary tests. Core cities are Central Falls, Newport, Pawtucket, Providence, West Warwick and Woonsocket. See Methodology Section for more information. References 1,19 Childhood lead poisoning in Rhode Island: The numbers 2009 Edition. (2009). Providence, RI: Rhode Island Department of Health, Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program. Data are based on venous tests and confirmed capillary tests only. The highest result (venous or capillary) is used. 2,7 Brown, M. J. (2002). Costs and benefits of enforcing housing policies to prevent childhood lead poisoning. Medical Decision Making, 22(06), 482- 492. 3,4,11 Rischitelli, G., Nygren, P., Bougatsos, C., Freeman, M. & Helfand, M. (2006). Screening for elevated lead levels in childhood and pregnancy: An updated summary of evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Taskforce. Pediatrics, 118, 1867-1895. (continued on page 166) 2010 Rhode Island KIDS COUNT Factbook 73
4 2 3.6 3.2 3.0 4.0 3.1 2.2 Children with Asthma 0 10 2000-2004 2001-2005 2002-2006 2003-2007 8 6 DEFINITION Children with asthma is the rate of hospitalizations with a primary diagnosis of asthma per 1,000 children under age 18. Data are reported by place of child’s residence at the time of hospitalization. SIGNIFICANCE Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that causes reversible episodes of coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath and chest tightness, which can be life threatening. 1,2 Attacks can be triggered by respiratory infections, cigarette smoke, exercise, weather conditions, stress and allergies to pollen, mold, dust, cockroaches and animal dander. 3 Childhood asthma in the U.S. increased between 1980 and 2000. The current prevalence has remained relatively stable since 2001 but is at historically high levels. Ambulatory care use for asthma continues to grow. Emergency department visits and hospitalization rates for asthma have stabilized at high levels, while deaths due to asthma have decreased recently. 4 Nationally, asthma is the most common chronic condition in children, the third-ranked cause of hospitalization for children under age 15 and one of the leading causes of school absences. 5,6 In 2008, nearly 14% of children under age 18 in the U.S. had ever been diagnosed with asthma and 9.5% reported currently having asthma. 7 Nationally, Black children have higher rates of asthma prevalence than Hispanic and non-Hispanic White children, and children living in poverty have higher rates of asthma than children in higher-income families. 8 Racial and ethnic differences in asthma prevalence are believed to be correlated with poverty, exposure to indoor and outdoor air pollution, stress, lack of access to preventive medical care and genetic factors. 9 Proper asthma management requires assessment and monitoring, patient education, environmental control and medication. 10 A primary care provider acting in partnership with the family as a child’s medical home can provide the connections to specialty and support services needed to help manage asthma. 11 Children Hospitalized with Primary Diagnosis of Asthma, Core Cities and Rhode Island, 2004-2008 Number of Rate per Children 1,000 City/Town Hospitalized Children Central Falls 74 2.7 Newport 43 1.7 Pawtucket 235 2.6 Providence 678 3.0 West Warwick 58 1.7 Woonsocket 105 1.9 Rhode Island 2,268 1.8 Source: Rhode Island Department of Health, Hospital Discharge Database, 2004-2008. 10 8 6 4 2 0 4 2 0 Asthma Hospitalizations With Primary Diagnosis of Asthma, by Race/Ethnicity, per 1,000 Children Under Age 18, Rhode Island, 2004-2008 5.0 3.2 0.9 1.3 1.8 Black Hispanic White Asian All Races ◆ In Rhode Island between 2004 and 2008, the hospitalization rate for primary diagnosis of asthma for Black children was almost four times the rate for non-Hispanic White children. Hispanic children were hospitalized for asthma almost two and a half times as often as White children. Source: Rhode Island Department of Health, Hospital Discharge Database, 2004-2008; U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000. Health Care Costs for Childhood Asthma in Rhode Island ◆ It is estimated that 17% (39,000) of all children in Rhode Island have ever been diagnosed with asthma and 11% (27,000) currently have asthma. The asthma prevalence among Rhode Island children increased 2% between 2005 and 2007. 12 ◆ In the U.S. and in Rhode Island, health care use (including hospitalizations and emergency room use) for asthma is highest among young children. 13,14 ◆ The average length of a hospitalization stay for a child with asthma in Rhode Island is two days, with an average charge of $7,840. In Rhode Island, children under age five have the highest number of asthma hospitalizations and the highest charges compared with all other children. Total hospital charges for children under age five are nearly six times greater than those for adolescents 12 to 17 years of age. 15 ◆ In Rhode Island in 2007, there were 1,856 emergency room visits by children due to a primary diagnosis of asthma, with an average charge of $1,823 per visit. Children under age five accounted for 46% of all emergency room visits and their average charge per visit was $2,013. 16 74 2010 Rhode Island KIDS COUNT Factbook / Health
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2010 Rhode Island Kids Count Factbo
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Rhode Island KIDS COUNT Board of Di
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Overview From: I’ll Be You and Yo
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Family and Community From: On Freed
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Table 1. Child Population, Rhode Is
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Children in Single-Parent Families
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Table 3. Grandparents Caring for Gr
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Infants Born at Highest Risk Table
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Table 5. Births by Education Level
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Racial and Ethnic Diversity Table 6
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Racial and Ethnic Disparities Econo
Page 24 and 25: Racial and Ethnic Disparities Rhode
Page 27 and 28: 600 Median Family Income DEFINITION
Page 29 and 30: Cost of Housing 1300 1200 1100 DEFI
Page 31 and 32: Homeless Children DEFINITION Homele
Page 33 and 34: Secure Parental Employment DEFINITI
Page 35 and 36: Children Receiving Child Support DE
Page 37 and 38: 35 Children in Poverty DEFINITION C
Page 39 and 40: Children in Poverty Financial Asset
Page 41 and 42: 2000 Children in Families Receiving
Page 43 and 44: Children in Families Receiving Cash
Page 45 and 46: Children Receiving SNAP Benefits 75
Page 47 and 48: Women and Children Participating in
Page 49 and 50: 50 Children Participating in School
Page 51: Health Make Music with Your Life by
Page 54 and 55: Children’s Health Insurance Table
Page 56 and 57: 010 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 Vaccina
Page 58 and 59: Access to Dental Care Oral Health S
Page 60 and 61: Children’s Mental Health Referenc
Page 62 and 63: Children with Special Needs Medical
Page 64 and 65: Table 17. Breastfeeding Rates, Rhod
Page 66 and 67: Women with Delayed Prenatal Care Ta
Page 68 and 69: Preterm Births Table 19. Preterm Bi
Page 70 and 71: Table 20. Low Birthweight Infants,
Page 72 and 73: Infant Mortality Table 21. Infant M
Page 76 and 77: Table 23. Asthma Hospitalizations f
Page 78 and 79: Housing and Health Key Principles o
Page 80 and 81: 20 15 Childhood Obesity 10 20% 15%
Page 82 and 83: Table 24. Births to Teens, Ages 15-
Page 84 and 85: Alcohol, Drug and Cigarette Use by
Page 87 and 88: 30 Child Deaths DEFINITION Child de
Page 89 and 90: Youth Violence DEFINITION Youth vio
Page 91 and 92: Disconnected Youth DEFINITION Disco
Page 93 and 94: Juveniles Referred to Family Court
Page 95 and 96: Juveniles at the Training School DE
Page 97 and 98: Juveniles at the Training School Gi
Page 99 and 100: Children of Incarcerated Parents DE
Page 101 and 102: Children Witnessing Domestic Violen
Page 103 and 104: Child Abuse and Neglect DEFINITION
Page 105 and 106: Child Abuse and Neglect Indicated A
Page 107 and 108: Children in Out-of-Home Placement D
Page 109 and 110: Permanency for Children in DCYF Car
Page 111: Child of the Sun by Lillian M. Fish
Page 114 and 115: Table 31. Rhode Island Public Schoo
Page 116 and 117: Table 32. Infants and Toddlers Enro
Page 118 and 119: Table 33. Children Ages Birth to Th
Page 120 and 121: Infant and Preschool Child Care Tab
Page 122 and 123: Table 35. Measuring Quality in Earl
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Children Enrolled in Head Start Tab
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Full-Day Kindergarten Table 37. Chi
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Children Receiving Child Care Subsi
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Federal Financing After-School Care
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English Language Learners Table 40.
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Table 41. Kindergarten Through 12th
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Table 42. Student Mobility and Stab
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Fourth-Grade Reading Skills Table 4
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Eighth-Grade Reading Skills Table 4
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Table 45. Fourth and Eighth Grade M
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Schools Making Insufficient Progres
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Chronic Early Absence Table 47. Chr
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School Attendance Table 48. Student
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Table 49. Disciplinary Actions, Rho
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High School Graduation Rate Table 5
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College Preparation and Access Tabl
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Teens Not in School and Not Working
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Methodology The 2010 Rhode Island K
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Methodology & References Family Inc
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References 6 U.S. Census Bureau, Am
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References 13,15 Rhode Island Depar
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References (continued from page 63)
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References 15 U.S. Department of He
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References RICHIST, 2009. 29 Safety
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References 16,21 Chang, H. N. & Agu
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Rhode Island KIDS COUNT Committees
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Acknowledgements The 2010 Rhode Isl
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Acknowledgements Michael Burk, RI D
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Notes 180 2010 Rhode Island KIDS CO
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2010 Rhode Island Kids Count Factbook

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