Crisman Annual Report 2009 - Harold Vance Department of ...

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1000 Viscosity vs Shear Rate Emulsion with 5wt% nanoparticles Emulsion without nanoparticles Viscosity (cp) 100 10 1 0.1 1 10 Shear Rate (sec -1 ) 100 1000 Fig. 2. Emulsion rheology diagram. Fig. 3. CT-scan of dry core. Crisman Annual Report 2009 35
Investigation of Hybrid Steam-Solvent Processes to Increase Efficiency of Thermal Oil Recovery Methods Objectives Steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) has received considerable attention as a proven technique to recover heavy oil and bitumen which are immobile at reservoir conditions. The main drawbacks of this process are high energy intensity (steam generation requirements) and environmental issues. The addition of light hydrocarbon solvents to steam is the simplest and most important approach to improve SAGD process and reduce potential problems. Main benefits possibly obtained by a hybrid steam solvent process include: reduced Steam Oil Ratio, reduced environmental impact, increased recovery via reduced S or , reduced capital to startup and enhanced well productivity. Principal challenges are the choice of solvent and concentration and operating strategy. Our main research objective is to reduce energy intensity of SAGD process by using solvents and investigate the effect of different operating strategies. Key tasks are to evaluate the effect on oil recovery of the following: » Solvents, (e.g., butane, hexane and condensates) » Solvent concentration » Injection types (e.g., cyclic steam solvent injection) Fig. 1. Simulation results of oil recovery. with increasing concentration. The aluminum 2D cylindrical model is under construction. The sandmix space has an inner radius of 4 in, 1-in thickness, and 10-in height, and will be lined with insulating Teflon layers (Fig. 2). The experimental set up is shown in Fig. 3. Approach Experiments will be carried out in a scaled 2D cylindrical cell to evaluate the effect of steam-solvent processes. Pujol and Boberg’s scaling method has been used to design the model. Advantages of the cylindrical model are the relatively high pressure capability without a pressure jacket, the use of inner thermal insulation, and the ability to conduct gravity drainage experiments (e.g., VAPEX, SAGD). Oil and water production, gas composition, and temperature would be measured and analyzed. Numerical simulation will be used for parametric studies. Accomplishments Compositional reservoir simulation studies of Cold Lake bitumen were performed to investigate the effect of solvent type and concentration on recovery under SAGD at 220°C and 3100 kpa (450 psia) (Fig. 1). With C5-C7 as solvents, bitumen recovery increases to about 80% at 20 wt%. C2 and C3 however exist as vapor and act as thermal insulators at the steam-bitumen interface, reducing recovery Project Information 1.3.22 Investigation of Hybrid Steam-Solvent Injection to Increase Efficiency of Thermal Oil Recovery Processes Related Publications Nasr T.N., and Ayodele O.R. New Hybrid Steam-Solvent Processes for the Recovery of Heavy Oil and Bitumen. Paper SPE 101717, presented at the 2006 International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dubai, UAE, 5-8 November. Ayodele, O.R., et al. Laboratory Experimental Testing and Development of an Efficient Low Pressure ES-SAGD Process. 2009. J. Cdn Pet. Tech. 48 (9). Contacts Daulat Mamora 979.845.2962 daulat.mamora@pe.tamu.edu Mojtaba Ardali CRISMAN INSTITUTE 36 Crisman Annual Report 2009
Page 1 and 2: Harold Vance Department of Petroleu
Page 3 and 4: Issue 3, February 2010 Stephen A. H
Page 5 and 6: Combustion Assisted Gravity Drainag
Page 7 and 8: 6 Crisman Annual Report 2009
Page 9 and 10: Summary The Crisman Institute has t
Page 11 and 12: Membership History The Crisman Inst
Page 13 and 14: 12 Crisman Annual Report 2009
Page 15 and 16: An Advisory System for Selecting Dr
Page 17 and 18: A procedure to measure the viscosit
Page 19 and 20: PRISE - Petroleum Resource Investig
Page 21 and 22: Gas Shales Simulation and Productio
Page 23 and 24: Characterization of Rock Transport
Page 25 and 26: An Analytical Approach to Model Sha
Page 27 and 28: P90 P50 P10 Fig. 3. P10, P50 and P9
Page 29 and 30: Density distribution from heat tran
Page 31 and 32: Experimental and Simulation Modelin
Page 33 and 34: Fig. 1. Set up of displacement appa
Page 35: Study of Solvent-Based Emulsion Inj
Page 39 and 40: Experimental Studies of Steam Injec
Page 41 and 42: Combustion Assisted Gravity Drainag
Page 43 and 44: Well Spacing and Infill Drilling in
Page 45 and 46: Experimental and Numerical Simulati
Page 47 and 48: Enhanced Oil Recovery of Viscous Oi
Page 49 and 50: Alternate Power and Energy Storage/
Page 51 and 52: Propagation of Induced Hydraulic Fr
Page 53 and 54: » Use forward modeling of wellbore
Page 55 and 56: Decision Matrix for Liquid Loading
Page 57 and 58: fractions involved, a detailed sens
Page 59 and 60: Transient Multiphase Sand Transport
Page 61 and 62: Carbonate Heterogeneity and Acid Fr
Page 63 and 64: Fracture Aperture Variation Caused
Page 65 and 66: that contained 12 wt% HCl showed th
Page 67 and 68: Evaluation of Polymer-Based In-Situ
Page 69 and 70: Modeling of Discrete Fracture Netwo
Page 71 and 72: Thermo-Poroelastic Finite Element A
Page 73 and 74: Measurement and Correlation of Gas
Page 75 and 76: The falling body viscometer is sele
Page 77 and 78: Fracture permeability (md) 12 10 8
Page 79 and 80: CO 2 Mobility Control using Cross-L
Page 81 and 82: (a) Standard EnKF for permeability
Page 83 and 84: Aquifer Management for CO 2 Sequest
Page 85 and 86: Bibliography List of Theses and Dis
Page 87 and 88:
» Florence, Francois; Validation/E
Page 89 and 90:
» Diyashev, Ildar; Problems of Flu
Page 91 and 92:
» Freeman, C.M., Ilk, D., Moridis,
Page 93 and 94:
and Catalyst. Paper presented at th
Page 95:
Exhibition, San Antonio, Texas, 24-
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