Akaroa Historical Overview - Christchurch City Council

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Lodges were first established in Akaroa in the 1840s and two lodge buildings which have survived were erected in the town in the second half of the 19 th century. The foundation stone of the Phoenix Lodge was laid in December 1876. The simple, rectangular, gableended building has spare Classical detailing on its street frontage. It was built in an area that was then and still is (except for the nearby hospital built in the 1920s) residential. It remains in use as a lodge (refer figure 5.24). Figure 5.24. At the upper end of Rue Jolie in (probably) the 1890s, the Phoenix Lodge (left) stood behind a picket fence. In the distance down the street is Akaroa’s other surviving 19 th century lodge building, now the Gaiety Theatre. Ref: 700 The much larger Oddfellows Lodge was built in 1877-78. The architect was A.W. Simpson of Christchurch. This too was a simple, rectangular building, but it was very much larger than the Phoenix Lodge and its frontage was another essay in Classical detailing executed in wood comparable to that of the later Shipping Office. The building has been a public gathering place for longer than it was ever a lodge and still serves the Akaroa community as the Gaiety Theatre. 56 These public and institutional buildings, like the town’s commercial buildings, were dispersed, some being built at the “French” and some at the “English” end of the town. There does not appear to be any rational reason for some being at one end of town and some at the other. Like the town’s commercial buildings, they are widely dispersed, reinforcing the sense that the town does not have a single, clear centre. The town’s public and commercial buildings were almost all designed in Classical styles or were at least given Classical detailing. By contrast the town’s three surviving churches, all dating from the 19 th century, are Gothic and all in the northern (“French”) end of the town, though this shared location appears to be accidental and the buildings are some distance from each other. 56 Allison, An Akaroa Precinct, pp. 37-38 AKAROA HERITAGE OVERVIEW : SECTION 5 THE COLONIAL TOWN 1850 TO 1900 PAGE 54
The first Anglican church was built at the “English” (southern) end of the town in 1852 on reserve land. Sewell described it in 1853 as “a small, neat wooden building ... very plain, but as good as a plain village Church in England”. The only reminder of its presence at that end of town is the name Church Street. 57 The congregation quickly outgrew this original building and in 1863 the new church, St Peter’s, was built on Rue Balguerie. Designed by A.G. Purchas, and having affinities with the Selwyn churches of regions further north, St Peter’s was consecrated in November 1864. Transepts were inserted between the nave and chancel in 1877. 58 Akaroa’s Roman Catholic Church, St Patrick’s, occupies the historic site of the chapels and dwellings of the French missionaries of the 1840s. The present church was built in 1864, to a design of Mountfort and Bury. The distinctive bell tower, however, was not added until 1893. The date of the cockscomb barge moulding is not known. 59 The most recent of the town’s three surviving churches, the Presbyterian Church, was opened in June 1886. Its simplified Gothic design was the work of a Christchurch architect, John Whitelaw. It replaced an earlier church of 1860. 60 Although three 19 th century churches have survived, they do not tell the full story of church building in 19 th century Akaroa. Neither of the two original Roman Catholic chapels nor the original Anglican church of 1851-52 have survived; nor has the Ebenezer Congregational Church, built in 1885-86 on a section just off Rue Jolie south, which was moved to become the Convent school in the early 20 th century but was subsequently demolished. However, the original Presbyterian Church was removed from the site and survives as commercial premises on Rue Lavaud. The three surviving churches are significant reminders of the place of religion in the lives of people living in Akaroa in the 19 th century and constitute, architecturally, an interesting group. Their size and simplicity are further reminders that Akaroa in the 19 th century was a small, self-contained community of unpretentious people of modest means. Several school buildings were erected in Akaroa in the 19 th century, but none have survived. In early surveys of the town the site now occupied by the War Memorial was set aside for a school. A school was erected on the site in 1857-59. Some time later, a simple, gable-ended wooden building with a distinctive bell turret was erected on the site (refer figure 5.25). This building remained in use until the early years of the 20 th century. The high school remained in the area, in another later school building, until the 1930s. In 1881, Parliament passed legislation authorising the establishment of a high school in Akaroa. This school opened in 1883. It was housed in the Garwood’s Store building and just saw out the century before being closed. 61 A hospital, a small, cottage-like building, was built on the Bruce Terrace frontage of what is now the site of the Akaroa School before 1880. It has not survived. 57 Ogilvie, Cradle, pp. 35-36; Sewell, Journal, vol. I, pp. 329, 442 58 Ogilvie, Cradle, p. 39; Akaroa Museum notice board; Booklet produced by Akaroa Mail and Akaroa Civic Trust, p. 14 59 Stacpoole, Colonial Architecture, p. 50; Booklet produced by Akaroa Mail and Akaroa Civic Trust, p. 14 60 Booklet produced by Akaroa Mail and Akaroa Civic Trust, p. 13; Presbyterian Parish centennial booklet, not paginated; Ogilvie, Cradle, p. 39 61 Ogilvie, Cradle, p. 38; Area School 150, pp. 2-4 AKAROA HERITAGE OVERVIEW : SECTION 5 THE COLONIAL TOWN 1850 TO 1900 PAGE 55
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A REPORT PREPARED FOR: KERI DAVIS-M
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LIST OF FIGURES: Section 2: Introdu
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Figure 6.7. Akaroa beach before WW
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Figure 7.41. View of hillside veget
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SECTION ONE: OVERVIEW Report Contex
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It draws particular attention to wh
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AKAROA: AN HISTORICAL OVERVIEW Sect
Page 15 and 16: It had the appearance of remoteness
Page 17 and 18: SECTION THREE: LANDSCAPE & HUMAN HI
Page 19 and 20: Paka Ariki seems to have had a less
Page 21 and 22: They appear also on occasion to hav
Page 23 and 24: AKAROA: AN HISTORICAL OVERVIEW Sect
Page 25 and 26: The settlers were given clear title
Page 27 and 28: Commercial Hotel. (Green sold this
Page 29 and 30: Figure 4.2. The cottage built in 18
Page 31 and 32: Charlotte Godley, however, observed
Page 33 and 34: THE NATURAL AND PLANTED LANDSCAPE P
Page 35 and 36: own property in Takamatua and the n
Page 37 and 38: By 1847 cropping and stock breeding
Page 39 and 40: Figure 4.10. Father Sione's plan sh
Page 41 and 42: Figure 4.12. Plan of the Akaroa sho
Page 43 and 44: EXTANT TOWN FABRIC & FEATURES DATIN
Page 45 and 46: SECTION FIVE: THE COLONIAL TOWN 185
Page 47 and 48: Akaroa’s transformation from vill
Page 49 and 50: Although the proportion of Akaroa
Page 51 and 52: The most important concentration of
Page 53 and 54: The largest private home built in 1
Page 55 and 56: He soon built his own store and coa
Page 57 and 58: time after 1884 (probably in 1888)
Page 59 and 60: Figure 5.17. In this view looking s
Page 61 and 62: Industry Industry had less of an im
Page 63 and 64: Public institutions As Akaroa grew
Page 65: One of the organisations which met
Page 69 and 70: distinctively Akaroa style of archi
Page 71 and 72: The Akaroa Mail greeted the formati
Page 73 and 74: Figure 5.28. For a time in the late
Page 75 and 76: THE COLONIAL LANDSCAPE The disappea
Page 77 and 78: By 1900 the forest was virtually go
Page 79 and 80: Figure 5.32. Walnut Avenue was the
Page 81 and 82: Figure 5.34. Charles Haylock's prop
Page 83 and 84: The resort garden and the seaside h
Page 85 and 86: The re-invigoration of the town's e
Page 87 and 88: public gardens in the colony” 122
Page 89 and 90: Britomart or Green's Point Monument
Page 91 and 92: Names on the landscape in 1900 The
Page 93 and 94: c SNAPSHOT OF AKAROA IN 1900 The 19
Page 95 and 96: Public buildings and structures •
Page 97 and 98: AKAROA: AN HISTORICAL OVERVIEW Sect
Page 99 and 100: During and just after World War II,
Page 101 and 102: with the previous half century. Two
Page 103 and 104: The unveiling of the monument on Gr
Page 105 and 106: Figure 6.5. James Bruce established
Page 107 and 108: grounds, was dedicated to the wives
Page 109 and 110: Building a dairy factory in Akaroa
Page 111 and 112: Community Life Between 1900 and 195
Page 113 and 114: The building of the Post Office was
Page 115 and 116: through Little River and over Hillt
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Power from the Lake Coleridge power
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area without the fear of currents a
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Land reclaimed on the northern beac
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Akaroa cemetery: “the most inviti
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Figure 6.23 The central memorial fe
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Centennial celebrations In preparat
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In addition to built landscape elem
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Coronation Oaks were planted on L'A
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Figure 6.34. Aylmers Valley Road in
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Figure 6.36. The Narbey family home
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c SNAPSHOT OF AKAROA IN 1950 Descri
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Public buildings and structures •
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SECTION SEVEN: CHANGE AND GROWTH 19
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When the Akaroa County first drew u
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The Metropole and Bruce fires left
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offered from the 1970s and more rec
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By the late 20 th century, a town w
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ensure as far as possible that the
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Figure 7.7. In this aerial view tak
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This expectation was fulfilled. In
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On Rue Balguerie, subdivision in 19
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But the spread of houses onto those
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Figure 7.16. Some architects who de
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Farrell stated her case against the
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Figure 7.19. Behind the recent and
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Figure 7.22. The Haylock House on A
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In 1970 a local complained to the w
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Figure 7.25. The new gymnasium on t
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Figure 7.26. General view of Akaroa
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palms, sumach, chestnuts and walnut
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Commemorative fabric and historic t
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The changing face of the Domain Dur
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Cemetery reserves: “nothing but c
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widened in part to better accommoda
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Figure 7.38. 1972 map of Akaroa . P
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c SNAPSHOT OF AKAROA TODAY The seco
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EXTANT TOWN FABRIC DATING FROM 1950
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Come to Akaroa Canterbury’s Premi
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Vangioni. L. J. (1967) Old Maori pl
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Akaroa Mail, 7 September 2001 Akaro
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Appendix 2. Although Akaroa's popul
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Appendix 4. Typically, subdivisions
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Appendix 6. In 1946, the block of l
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Appendix 8. In 1953, the extensive
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Appendix 10. In 1962, one of the fi
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Appendix 12. After the major subdiv
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Appendix 14. On the south side of A
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Appendix 16. The most recent large
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Appendix 18. Nearly 20 years passed
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Appendix 20. In 1971, the block of
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Appendix 22. A 1981 subdivision saw
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Appendix 24. The Settlers Hill subd
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Appendix 26. The houses on Percy St
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Appendix 28. As development extende
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Appendix 30. As development crept u
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Akaroa Historical Overview - Christchurch City Council

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