SQL Injection Attacks and Defense - 2009

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■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ References • Chapter 10 455 BSQL Hacker is a relatively new player in the SQL injection exploit world. The tool is a Windows-based GUI application that supports Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, and MySQL. BSQL Hacker supports blind and error-based SQL injection techniques: http://labs.portcullis.co.uk/application/bsql-hacker/ The Sec-1 Automagic SQL injection (SASI) tool is a Microsoft SQL Server exploit tool written in Perl: http://scanner.sec-1.com/resources/sasi.zip Sqlninja is a Microsoft SQL injection tool focused on gaining code execution and written in Perl: http://sqlninja.sourceforge.net/ Squeeza was released as part of a BlackHat presentation. It focuses on alternative communication channels. Squeeza supports Microsoft SQL Server: www.sensepost.com/research/squeeza/ Password Cracking Tools ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ Cain & Abel: www.oxid.it Woraauthbf: www.soonerorlater.hu/index.khtml?article_id=513 Checkpwd: www.red-database-security.com/software/checkpwd.html John the Ripper: www.openwall.com/john/
456 Chapter 10 • References Solutions Fast Track Structured Query Language (SQL) Primer ˛˛ SQL comprises a feature-rich set of statements, operators, and clauses designed to interact with a database server. The most common SQL statements are SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, and DROP. The majority of SQL injection vulnerabilities occur when user-supplied data is included with the WHERE clause portion of a SELECT statement. ˛˛ ˛˛ The UPDATE and DELETE statements rely on a WHERE clause to determine which records are modified or deleted. When injecting SQL into either an UPDATE or a DELETE statement it is important to understand how your input could affect the database. Avoid injecting OR 1=1 or any other condition that returns true into either of these statements. The UNION operator is used to combine the results of two or more SELECT statements. UNION SELECT is frequently used to exploit SQL injection vulnerabilities. SQL Injection Quick Reference ˛˛ Identifying the database platform is an important step when attempting to exploit an SQL injection vulnerability. Triggering a measurable time delay is a reliable method of accurately identifying the database platform. ˛˛ When exploiting SQL injection vulnerabilities you are often restricted to returning one column from one row at a time. You can overcome this restriction by concatenating the results from multiple columns and rows into a single string. Bypassing Input Validation Filters ˛˛ You often can circumvent input validation filters that are designed to handle the single-quote character (‘) by representing string values using character functions. For example, char(65,66,67) is equivalent to ‘ABC’ on Microsoft SQL Server. ˛˛ HTTP encoding variants such as Unicode and Overlong UTF-8 can sometimes be used to bypass input validation filters. ˛˛ Input validation filters that rely on rejecting known bad data, often referred to as blacklisting, are frequently flawed.
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Justin Clarke Lead Author and Techn
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Lead Author and Technical Editor Ju
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exploiting, and correcting software
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Dafydd Stuttard is the author of th
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Contents Chapter 1 What Is SQL Inje
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Contents xi LAPSE. ................
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Contents xiii Generic MySQL Binary
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Contents xv Chapter 8 Code-Level De
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Contents xvii Increase the Verbosit
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Contents xix Ingres Cheat Sheet....
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Chapter 1 What Is SQL Injection? So
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What Is SQL Injection? • Chapter
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execute the query against the datab
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Incorrectly Handled Query Assembly
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} } reader = cmd.ExecuteReader(); r
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Chapter 2 Testing for SQL Injection
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Testing for SQL Injection • Chapt
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SELECT * FROM products WHERE idprod
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Figure 2.15 Exploitation Terminatin
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Time Delays Testing for SQL Injecti
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Summary Testing for SQL Injection
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Chapter 3 Reviewing Code for SQL In
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Reviewing Code for SQL Injection
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mssql_bind() − adds a parameter t
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OdbcCommand() − used to construct
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Reviewing PL/SQL and T-SQL Code Rev
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■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ URL: ht
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■■ ■■ Platform: Windows Pri
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Summary Reviewing Code for SQL Inje
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Frequently Asked Questions Reviewin
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Chapter 4 Exploiting SQL Injection
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Exploiting SQL Injection • Chapte
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Approach 3: Content-based Exploitin
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Error Messages in Oracle Exploiting
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MySQL Exploiting SQL Injection •
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Such a query will return output sim
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SELECT name,spare4 FROM sys.user$ w
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[+] Bruteforcing the sa password. T
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select user_name,web_password_raw f
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HTTP/DNS Exploiting SQL Injection
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Summary Exploiting SQL Injection
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Escalating Privileges Exploiting SQ
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Chapter 5 Blind SQL Injection Explo
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Blind SQL Injection Exploitation
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Common Blind SQL Injection Scenario
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1. Is the byte greater than 127? No
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Using Time-Based Techniques Blind S
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SELECT * FROM unknowntable UNION SE
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Figure 5.13 Extracting Database Log
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Summary Blind SQL Injection Exploit
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Chapter 6 Exploiting the Operating
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Exploiting the Operating System •
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[operating systems] multi(0)disk(0)
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Figure 6.13 Enabling CLR Integratio
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Oracle Exploiting the Operating Sys
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) c / ) ) ), bfilename('GETPWDIR',
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As expected, this creates sp.txt fi
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2 443 [+] Calling msfpayload3 to c
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DBMS_ADVISOR is probably the shorte
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EXECUTE IMMEDIATE q'!drop directory
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Microsoft SQL Server Exploiting the
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Figure 6.22 Creating an UNSAFE Bina
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Executing Operating System Commands
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Endnotes Exploiting the Operating S
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Chapter 7 Advanced Topics Solutions
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Using Case Variation Advanced Topic
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4. The application URL decodes the
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Advanced Topics • Chapter 7 323 D
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Advanced Topics • Chapter 7 325 I
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Advanced Topics • Chapter 7 329 N
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Advanced Topics • Chapter 7 331 m
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Advanced Topics • Chapter 7 333 1
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Using Hybrid Attacks Advanced Topic
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Exploiting Authenticated Vulnerabil
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Advanced Topics • Chapter 7 339
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Chapter 8 Code-Level Defenses Solut
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Code-Level Defenses • Chapter 8 3
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END; Execute immediate 'SELECT coun
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Validating Input in Java Code-Level
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UTL_SMTP.HELO(v_connection,'mailhos
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Summary Code-Level Defenses • Cha
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Chapter 9 Platform-Level Defenses S
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Platform-Level Defenses • Chapter
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Figure 9.3 Whitelist Rule to Patch
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Application Filters Platform-Level
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Use Strong Cryptography to Protect
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Page 426 and 427: Platform-Level Defenses • Chapter
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SQL Injection Attacks and Defense - 2009

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