SQL Injection Attacks and Defense - 2009

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Index 463 errors application error, 165–166 generic error message, 166 GROUP BY clause, 166 hybrid attacks, 165 trigger, 164–165 verbose error messages, 164 escalating privileges brute-force approach, 187–189 Oracle, 190–191 SQL Server, 183–190 HTML code, 139 Oracle error messages access control list (ACL) system, 170 concat function, 168 error-controllable messages, 170 multiple rows, 169 output approaches, 169 SELECT statement, 168 SQL∗Plus command line, 167 stragg (11g+), 169 utl_inadd, 167 utl_inaddr.get_host_name function, 167–168 out-of-band communication E-mail, 199–202 file system, 203–208 HTTP/DNS, 203 SQL Server, 204–207 password hashes hash modification, 193 MySQL, 194 Oracle, 194–198 SQL Server, 192–193 stacked queries, 141 strings, 161–163 UNION statements data types, 151–156 matching columns, 149–151 syntax, 148–149 victim.com, 140–141 vulnerable parameters, 138–139 exploitation automated techniques absinthe, 258–260 BSQL hacker, 260–263 SQLBrute, 263–264 sqlninja, 264–265 squeeza, 265–266 channels database connections, 250–251 DNS exfiltration, 251–255 E-mail exfiltration, 255–256 HTTP exfiltration, 256–258 finding and confirmation blind SQL injection techniques, 225–234 forcing generic errors, 221 injecting queries, 222 spitting and balancing, 222–225 subquery placeholders, 224 response-based techniques MySQL, 242–244 one bit information, 247–249 Oracle, 246–247 SQL Server, 244–246 time-based techniques database queries, 235–241 inference considerations, 241 F finding and confirmation blind SQL injection techniques channel techniques, 234 inference techniques, 226–234 scenarios, 225 forcing generic errors, 221 injecting queries, 222 spitting and balancing author parameter, 223
464 Index finding and confirmation (Continued) id parmeter, 222 string parameter, 224 forcing generic errors, 221 four-tier architecture, 5–6 G GET and POST parameters, 7 H HTTP exfiltration HTTPURITYPE package, 256 Oracle function, 256–257 ORDER BY clause, 258 hybrid attacks cross-site scripting (XSS), 335–336 exploiting authenticated vulnerabilities, 337 leveraging captured data, 335 operating system commands, Oracle, 336 I inference techniques ASCII( ) function, 231 bitstring, 234 bitwise operations, 232 extracting data method, 230 one bit information, 226 SQL Server database, 227 status parameter, 228 SUBSTRING( ) function, 228–229 transact-SQL, 233 Informix cheat sheet blind SQL injection functions, 452 database configuration information and schema, 451 Ingres cheat sheet blind SQL injection functions, 453 database configuration information and schema, 452–453 inline function numeric values exploitation, 67 principles, 67–68 single-quote delimiters, 67 uid parameter, 66 unique identification, 65–66 visual representation, 66 strings finding process, 63 OR condition, 64 SQL statement, 62–63 testing function, 65 Unclosed quotation markerror, 64 input filters bypassing custom filters, 326–327 case variation, 319 comments, 319–320 dynamic query execution, 322–323 non-standard entry points, 327–328 null bytes, 323–324 search Query referers, 329 SQL injection attacks, 318 stripped expressions, 324 truncation, 324–326 Unicode encodings, 321–322 URL encoding, 320–321 input validation .NET, 354 blacklisting, 351–352 Java defaultvalidator, 354 Java server faces ( JSF), 353 PHP, 354–355 whitelisting binary blob, 350 luhn formula, 349
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Justin Clarke Lead Author and Techn
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Lead Author and Technical Editor Ju
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exploiting, and correcting software
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Dafydd Stuttard is the author of th
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Contents Chapter 1 What Is SQL Inje
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Contents xi LAPSE. ................
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Contents xiii Generic MySQL Binary
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Contents xv Chapter 8 Code-Level De
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Contents xvii Increase the Verbosit
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Contents xix Ingres Cheat Sheet....
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Chapter 1 What Is SQL Injection? So
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What Is SQL Injection? • Chapter
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execute the query against the datab
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Incorrectly Handled Query Assembly
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} } reader = cmd.ExecuteReader(); r
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Chapter 2 Testing for SQL Injection
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Testing for SQL Injection • Chapt
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SELECT * FROM products WHERE idprod
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Figure 2.15 Exploitation Terminatin
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Time Delays Testing for SQL Injecti
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Summary Testing for SQL Injection
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Chapter 3 Reviewing Code for SQL In
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Reviewing Code for SQL Injection
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mssql_bind() − adds a parameter t
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OdbcCommand() − used to construct
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Reviewing PL/SQL and T-SQL Code Rev
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■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ URL: ht
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■■ ■■ Platform: Windows Pri
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Summary Reviewing Code for SQL Inje
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Frequently Asked Questions Reviewin
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Chapter 4 Exploiting SQL Injection
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Exploiting SQL Injection • Chapte
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Approach 3: Content-based Exploitin
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Error Messages in Oracle Exploiting
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MySQL Exploiting SQL Injection •
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Such a query will return output sim
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SELECT name,spare4 FROM sys.user$ w
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[+] Bruteforcing the sa password. T
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select user_name,web_password_raw f
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HTTP/DNS Exploiting SQL Injection
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Summary Exploiting SQL Injection
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Escalating Privileges Exploiting SQ
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Chapter 5 Blind SQL Injection Explo
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Blind SQL Injection Exploitation
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Common Blind SQL Injection Scenario
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1. Is the byte greater than 127? No
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Using Time-Based Techniques Blind S
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SELECT * FROM unknowntable UNION SE
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Figure 5.13 Extracting Database Log
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Summary Blind SQL Injection Exploit
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Chapter 6 Exploiting the Operating
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Exploiting the Operating System •
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[operating systems] multi(0)disk(0)
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Figure 6.13 Enabling CLR Integratio
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Oracle Exploiting the Operating Sys
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) c / ) ) ), bfilename('GETPWDIR',
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As expected, this creates sp.txt fi
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2 443 [+] Calling msfpayload3 to c
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DBMS_ADVISOR is probably the shorte
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EXECUTE IMMEDIATE q'!drop directory
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Microsoft SQL Server Exploiting the
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Figure 6.22 Creating an UNSAFE Bina
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Executing Operating System Commands
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Endnotes Exploiting the Operating S
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Chapter 7 Advanced Topics Solutions
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Using Case Variation Advanced Topic
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4. The application URL decodes the
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Advanced Topics • Chapter 7 323 D
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Advanced Topics • Chapter 7 325 I
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Advanced Topics • Chapter 7 327 w
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Advanced Topics • Chapter 7 329 N
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Advanced Topics • Chapter 7 331 m
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Advanced Topics • Chapter 7 333 1
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Using Hybrid Attacks Advanced Topic
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Exploiting Authenticated Vulnerabil
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Advanced Topics • Chapter 7 339
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Chapter 8 Code-Level Defenses Solut
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Code-Level Defenses • Chapter 8 3
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END; Execute immediate 'SELECT coun
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Validating Input in Java Code-Level
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UTL_SMTP.HELO(v_connection,'mailhos
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Summary Code-Level Defenses • Cha
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Chapter 9 Platform-Level Defenses S
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Platform-Level Defenses • Chapter
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Figure 9.3 Whitelist Rule to Patch
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Application Filters Platform-Level
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Use Strong Cryptography to Protect
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Additional Deployment Consideration
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SQL Injection Attacks and Defense - 2009

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