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SPICE-Simulation using LTspice IV

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11.4. The Step Down Converter<br />

In this circuit the MOSFET serves as a switch between the power supply and the inductor and<br />

the schottky diode is connected between the node “MOSFET’s source / inductor” and ground<br />

(initially reverse biased).<br />

Description:<br />

a) When the MOSFET is switched ON then the linear rising current flows from the power supply through the<br />

FETand the inductor to the output capacitor and the load resistor to ground. So the capacitor is charged<br />

and energy is stored in the magnetic field of the inductor.<br />

b) When the MOSFET is switched OFF the inductor current continues to flow in the same direction, but<br />

now the MOSFET is OFF and the schottky diode switches on to maintain current flow. The stored<br />

magnetic energy is transferred to the output circuit (= C1 and R1) until the inductor current has<br />

decreased to zero. During the time this current flows the voltage across the diode is NEGAT<strong>IV</strong>E with<br />

respect to ground!!!<br />

Note:<br />

1) In practical circuits the stabilization of the output voltage is always done by varying the on to off<br />

ratio of the driving squarewave voltage at the gate of the MOSFET.<br />

2) The amplitude of the output voltage is always less than the power supply voltage!<br />

If you want to know the exact output amplitude value, multiply the supply voltage with the ratio „ON-time /<br />

period time“. So for our example we get with an ON-time of 0,5ms and a period time of 1ms<br />

Vout = 0,5 x 12V = 6V<br />

75

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