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Site characterization.
The focal and control sites belong to
Type I climatic condition with distinct wet and
dry seasons in a year. The average temperature
and rainfall is 27.2 0C and 184.1mm per month,
respectively with a relative humidity of 79 to
85%. The focal site (Echague) has the bigger
land area as compared to the control (Alicia)
with an area of 3,404 hectares and 1,462.29
hectares, respectively. Agricultural land is the
largest land used of both sites with 1,771.46
hectares for Echague and 1,211 hectares for
Alicia.
Clay loam soil type is observed in both
sites but in Echague has mixture with sandy.
The land is considered flat ranging from 3% to
5% land slope. Echague farmers had practicing
corn-corn cropping pattern while Alicia has
been practicing a rice-rice cropping pattern for
the whole-year round. The major crop-animal
production system of focal site is corn-goatmango-banana-chicken
whereas rice goatswine-poultry-fishpond
in all areas for the
control site.
Socio-economic Characteristics
Echague has a highest population for
all barangay sites (4915) than Alicia barangay
sites (2462). The population density of the
control site has 1.68 greater than to the focal
site with 1.44. More number of households
(885) is observed in the Echague than in
Alicia (559). Echague farm households have
greater average farm size (2.93 hectares) as
compared to Alicia farmers (4.58 hectares).
Both sites have the same tenurial status with
CLT owners, EP owners and leaseholder’s
farmers. Farmers in Echague are older of 46.6
year old than Alicia farmers with 40.03 year old.
They obtained college education as the highest
educational attainment for both sites with 90%
for control sites and 66% for focal site. Income
from raising chicken has contributed much to
the total family income with 12.33% in Echague
and 15.3% in Alicia and followed by goat with
10% in Echague and 12.4% in Alicia. Both sites
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are accessible to market with 1.7 km away from
the market of Echague and 1.36 km away from
the market of Alicia.
The selling price of goat ranging from
P1,300.00 to P2,500.00 per head during market
days and P1,200.00 per head for regular days.
Cattle is priced ranging from P13,000.00 to
P35,000.00 per head, carabao had priced as
much as P15,000 to P48,000 per head while,
pigs are marketed at P120.00 per kilo live
weight in the focal site. On the other hand,
the control site had observed with P1,200 to
P2,500 per head of goat during market days
and P1,200 per head during regular days.
Cattle is priced at P14,000 to 45,000 per head,
Carabao with a price of P18,000 to P55,000.00
per head and pigs are sold at P110 per kilo live
weight. It has noted for both sites that goat,
cattle and carabao prices did not established
price trends. However, pigs selling price
established an increasing trend for both sites.
Focal site harvested corn with an average of
7 tons per hectare during the main cropping
season while, 7.5 tons per hectare during the
second cropping. The control sites harvested
rice with an average of 95 cavans per hectare
during main cropping season while, 110 cavans
per hectare during the second cropping. Almost
the same proportion of agricultural land to the
total land area for both sites (Echague and
Alicia) with 96.73% and 97.46%, respectively.
Non-farm activities that are prevalent in both
sites are sari-sari store, vulcanizing, tricycle
operator, furniture, construction workers and
helpers.
Institutional Characteristics
Both sites are within the service area
of Cagayan Valley in Agriculture Research,
Resources and Development (CVARRD) and
Isabela State University (ISU) in which they
can access the research and development
programs. They have also in common sources
of credit/funds for the development of their
household enterprises that is from the informal
sources like friends, relatives and input
merchants. Lending institutions are likewise
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