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NHMRC Glaucoma Guidelines - ANZGIG

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<strong>NHMRC</strong> GUIDELINES FOR THE SCREENING, PROGNOSIS, DIAGNOSIS, MANAGEMENT AND PREVENTION OF GLAUCOMA<br />

Chapter 5 – Prognosis: understanding the natural history<br />

In summary, patients with primary angle closure require regular monitoring of their angles as<br />

well as other aspects of their glaucoma management and appear to be best served by earlier<br />

laser peripheral iridotomy. However, this does not always eliminate the need for future surgery<br />

but appears to greatly reduce the risk of their progression to primary angle closure glaucoma.<br />

There appears to be some ethnic variation in susceptibility and also rates of progression. Even after<br />

laser iridotomy is performed, a significant proportion of patients will progress and require surgery.<br />

The type of surgery best suited to their needs can often be complicated and is further discussed in<br />

the monitoring and treatment chapters.<br />

References<br />

Burr JM, Mowatt G, Hernández R, Siddiqui M, Cook J, Lourenco T, Ramsay C, Vale L, Fraser C,<br />

Azuara-Blanco A, Deeks J, Cairns J, Wormald R, McPherson S, Rabindranath K, Grant A (2007):<br />

The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of screening for open angle glaucoma: a<br />

systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technology Assessments; 11(41): 1-206.<br />

Collaborative Normal-Tension <strong>Glaucoma</strong> Study Group (1998): The effectiveness of intraocular<br />

pressure reduction in the treatment of normal-tension glaucoma. American Journal of<br />

Ophthalmology; 126:498-505.<br />

de Moura RC, Paranhos Jr A, Wormald R (2007): Laser trabeculoplasty for open angle glaucoma<br />

(Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; 4.<br />

Dueker DK, Singh K, Lin SC, Fechtner RD, Minckler DS, Samples JR, Schuman JS (2007): Corneal<br />

Thickness Measurement in the Management of Primary Open-angle <strong>Glaucoma</strong>. A Report by the<br />

American Academy of Ophthalmology. Ophthalmology; 114(9):1779-1787.<br />

European <strong>Glaucoma</strong> Society [EGS] (2003): Terminology and guidelines for glaucoma (2nd edn.).<br />

Savona, Italy: European <strong>Glaucoma</strong> Society.<br />

Fleming C, Whitlock EP, Beil T, Smit B, Harris RP (2005): Screening for primary open-angle<br />

glaucoma in the primary care setting: an update for the US preventive services task force.<br />

Annals of Family Medicine; 3(2):167-170.<br />

Friedman DS, Wilson MR, Liebmann JM, Fechtner RD, Weinreb RN, (2004): An evidence-based<br />

assessment of risk factors for the progression of ocular hypertension and glaucoma. American<br />

Journal of Ophthalmology; 138(3):S19-31.<br />

Gordon MO, Beiser JA, Brandt JD, Heuer DK, Higginbotham EJ, Johnson CA, Keltner JL, Miller JP,<br />

Parrish II RK, Wilson MR, Kass MA (2002): The Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study: Baseline factors<br />

that predict the onset of primary open-angle glaucoma. Archives of Ophthalmology; 120: 714-720.<br />

Gordon MO, Torri V, Miglior S, Miglior S, Beiser JA, Floriani I, Miller JP, Gao F, Adamsons I, Poli D,<br />

D’Agostino RB, Kass MA (2007): Validated Prediction Model for the Development of Primary<br />

Open-Angle <strong>Glaucoma</strong> in Individuals with Ocular Hypertension Ocular Hypertension Treatment<br />

Study Group European <strong>Glaucoma</strong> Prevention Study Group. Ophthalmology; 114:10–19.<br />

Hattenhauer MG, Johnson DH, Ing HH, Herman DC, Hodge DO, Yawn BP, Butterfield LC, Gray DT<br />

(1998): The probability of blindness from open-angle glaucoma. Ophthalmology; 105 (11): 2099-104.<br />

Kass MA, Heuer DK, Higginbotham EJ, Johnson CA, Keltner JL, Miller JP, Parrish RK, Wilson MR,<br />

Gordon MO (2002): A randomized trial determines that topical ocular hypotensive medication delays<br />

or prevents the onset of primary open-angle glaucoma. Archives of Ophthalmology; 120:701-713.<br />

National Health and Medical Research Council 45

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