The Microcontroller Idea Book - Jan Axelson's Lakeview Research

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Chapter 1 abilities of the monitor program, you can load your program from a personal computer into RAM (instead of the more permanent EPROM) on the microcontroller system, then run the program, modify it, and retry as often as necessary until the program is working properly. Most development systems also allow single-stepping, setting breakpoints, and viewing and changing the data in memory. In single-stepping, you run the program one step at time, pausing after each step, so you can more easily monitor what the circuits and program are doing at each step. A breakpoint is a program location where the program stops executing and waits for a command to continue. You can set breakpoints at critical spots in your program. At any breakpoint, you can view or change the contents of memory or perform other tests. Simulators. Another development tool is a simulator, which is software that runs on a desktop computer and uses the video display to demonstrate what would happen if a specific microprocessor or microcontroller were to run a particular program. You can look “inside” the simulated chip, observe the contents of internal memory, and single-step or set breakpoints to stop program execution at a desired program location or condition. In this way, you can get a program working properly before you commit it to EPROM. One drawback to simulators is that they can’t mimic all features of the chip of interest, especially interrupt-response and timing characteristics. Emulators. An in-circuit emulator (ICE) is hardware that replaces the microprocessor in question by plugging into the microprocessor’s socket on the device you want to test. Like a simulator, an emulator lets you control program execution and monitor what happens at each program step. Microprocessor emulators typically are expensive. A ROM emulator is a lower-cost option that simulates an EPROM (using RAM, for example) for program storage, and usually provides the abilities of a development system as well. The 8052-BASIC’s development system. The 8052-BASIC system and a personal computer form a complete development system for writing, testing, and storing programs. The personal computer’s keyboard and screen make it easy to write and run programs and view the results. BASIC-52 has many built-in debugging features that make it easy to test programs. You can run a program immediately after writing it, without having to assemble, compile, or program an EPROM. You can use a STOP statement and CONT (continue) command to set breakpoints and resume executing your program. You can use PRINT statements to display variables as the program runs. And, if you wish, you can use your personal computer for writing programs off-line and uploading and downloading them to the 8052-BASIC system. 10 The Microcontroller Idea Book
Inside the 8052-BASIC 2 Inside the 8052-BASIC This chapter introduces you to the 8052-BASIC chip, including the kinds of projects you can do with it, what equipment, materials, and skills you need in order to design and build an 8052-BASIC project, and a pin-by-pin look at the chip and its abilities. Possibilities The 8052-BASIC microcontroller is an easy-to-use, low-cost, and versatile computer-on-achip. It’s ideal for projects that require more than an assortment of logic gates, but less than a complete desktop computer system with a full keyboard, display, and disk drives. If you’re interested in doing more with computers than simply running applications programs, the 8052-BASIC gives you a chance to design and build a system from the ground up. With a few support chips and a program stored in memory, you can use the 8052-BASIC to sense, measure, and control processes, events, or conditions. Here are just a few examples of the uses you can put it to: • data collection • machine control • test equipment • wired and wireless links for communications and control The Microcontroller Idea Book 11
Page 1 and 2: The Microcontroller Idea Book Circu
Page 3 and 4: Table of Contents Chapter 1 Microco
Page 5 and 6: Chapter 11 Control Circuits 185 Swi
Page 7 and 8: Introduction Introduction This book
Page 9 and 10: A chapter on assembly-language inte
Page 11 and 12: Microcontroller Basics 1 Microcontr
Page 13 and 14: But along with cheap, powerful, and
Page 15 and 16: makes sense. For simpler designs, a
Page 17 and 18: Microcontroller Basics Several tech
Page 19: Interpreters and compilers are two
Page 23 and 24: Inside the 8052-BASIC • You can a
Page 25 and 26: hardware manuals. For programming,
Page 27 and 28: Inside the 8052-BASIC Figure 2-2 Pi
Page 29 and 30: Inside the 8052-BASIC Table 2-2. (p
Page 31 and 32: Inside the 8052-BASIC Code and data
Page 33 and 34: Powering Up 3 Powering Up This chap
Page 35 and 36: Powering Up Table 3-1. Parts list f
Page 37 and 38: Powering Up Figure 3-2. Truth table
Page 39 and 40: Powering Up Jumper J3 chooses the c
Page 41 and 42: Powering Up Figure 3-3. This is the
Page 43 and 44: Powering Up Construction Tips These
Page 45 and 46: Powering Up Serial Connectors Conne
Page 47 and 48: You’re now ready to power up the
Page 49 and 50: Powering Up PRINT XTAL Line Editing
Page 51 and 52: Powering Up PORT 1 Bit Values: Bit
Page 53 and 54: Powering Up Listing 3-3. Allows use
Page 55 and 56: 10 CLOCK 1:TIME=0:SEC=0 20 A=0 30 P
Page 57 and 58: Saving Programs 4 Saving Programs I
Page 59 and 60: guaranteed for at least ten years.
Page 61 and 62: Saving Programs Figure 4-3. Circuit
Page 63 and 64: Jumper J4 is optional. It enables y
Page 65 and 66: memory on bootup. This is what allo
Page 67 and 68: This is the recommended algorithm f
Page 69 and 70: Saving Programs Figure 4-5. Additio
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problems with EPROMs that have a 10
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supply. The chip requires an additi
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Programming 5 Programming When you
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Subroutines have two advantages. Fi
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Programming • Hexadecimal numbers
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Programming It can be hard to find
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Programming Math Operators = + - *
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Programming expression / expression
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Programming DO: [program statements
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Programming LOG(expression) Returns
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Programming PH0.@ Same as PRINT@, b
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Programming RCAP2 Retrieves or assi
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Programming PRINT TAB(2) “hello
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Inputs and Outputs 6 Inputs and Out
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Unassigned space remains in the mem
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U11 is a 74HCT138 3-to-8-line decod
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If you wish, you can wire U14’s i
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Inputs and Outputs Figure 6-4. Outp
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Inputs and Outputs Listing 6-2. Set
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The 82C55 also has CMOS-compatible
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Inputs and Outputs Pin Symbol Input
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Inputs and Outputs An 8255 Interfac
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Inputs and Outputs XBY(0FC03h)=9BH
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To set or clear a different bit, de
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Switches and Keypads 7 Switches and
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Switches and Keypads Figure 7-2. Us
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exact value depending on the switch
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Switches and Keypads Figure 7-4. Tw
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Switches and Keypads Figure 7-6. A
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Switches and Keypads Custom Keypads
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Switches and Keypads • A single c
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Switches and Keypads Listing 7-3. T
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Displays 8 Displays In addition to
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Displays Figure 8-1. LED interfaces
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Displays Figure 8-2. Ways to connec
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Displays Figure 8-4. Four output po
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Displays Figure 8-5. The ICM7218D c
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In Figure 8-5’s circuit, an 82(C)
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Displays Figure 8-7. With the TC721
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Displays Figure 8-8. With a charact
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Table 8-1. LCD modules containing t
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Each character in the CG ROM and CG
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Displays Interfacing Full control o
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Displays Listing 8-4 (page 2 0f 2).
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Displays Listing 8-5. Displays key
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Displays Listing 8-6 (page 2 of 2).
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Using Sensors to Detect and Measure
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• What power supplies are availab
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different ground symbols for the tw
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10 REM use single-ended mode 20 REM
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Clocks and Calendars 10 Clocks and
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Listing 10-1. Uses BASIC-52’s rea
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Clocks and Calendars Figure 10-1. P
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Clocks and Calendars Table 10-1. Re
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If you want an alarm frequency othe
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Clocks and Calendars Listing 10-3 (
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Clocks and Calendars Listing 10-3 (
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Control Circuits 11 Control Circuit
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the LSTTL part, and wire the desire
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Control Circuits Listing 11-1. Cont
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Control Circuits Listing 11-2. Demo
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Control Circuits disables the outpu
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Wireless Links 12 Wireless Links Wi
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Wireless Links Figure 12-2. This in
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Wireless Links Because there are th
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Wireless Links Figure 12-4. The GP1
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through the LEDs. If you prefer an
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Wireless Links Figure 12-6. Using a
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Wireless Links Figure 12-7. Using a
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Wireless Links IREDs emit energy at
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In the infrared link, the amount of
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Calling Assembly-language Routines
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into memory in the 8052-BASIC syste
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2048h in code memory. This is becau
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Binary value 1100 0101 Hex equivale
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Successful assembly is a good sign,
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statement must match the address in
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• BASIC-52’s ON EX1 instruction
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Running BASIC-52 from External Memo
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14-1 for longer delays between writ
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In Figure 3-1, tie pin 31 of U2 (EA
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Related Products 15 Related Product
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Finally, a compiled BASIC program u
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Related Products Figure 15-3. Blue
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Sources Appendix A Sources This App
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Programming and Interfacing the 805
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Sources Product Vendors The followi
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Sources Electronics 123 17921 Rowla
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Sources Micro Future 40944 Cascado
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Sources Siemens Components 2191 Lau
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Programs for Loading Files Appendix
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Programs for Loading Files Listing
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Number Systems Appendix C Number Sy
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Number Systems This table shows the
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Index Index A ADC, 158 - 169 addres
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Index S sample and hold, 169 SBC, 3
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The Microcontroller Idea Book - Jan Axelson's Lakeview Research

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