The Microcontroller Idea Book - Jan Axelson's Lakeview Research

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Chapter 15 BASIC compilers A BASIC compiler offers a middle ground between the BASIC-52 interpreter and assembly-language programming. With a BASIC compiler, you write your programs using the familiar keywords and syntax rules of BASIC, but the compiled programs run on their own, without requiring the BASIC-52 interpreter. Binary Technology, Systronix, and Blue Earth are three vendors of BASIC compilers for the 8052. As with assembly language, to use a BASIC compiler, you first write a source file, using any text editor. But instead of using assembly-language mnemonics, you write the source file using the BASIC compiler’s keywords and conventions. When the program is complete, the compiler program translates your program lines into the machine codes required by the 8052 chip. The compilers will create an object file, usually in Intel Hex format, for uploading or programming into EPROM, plus a listing file for documentation and debugging use. When the object file is stored in the 8052’s code memory, the 8052 can run the program directly, without having to use the BASIC-52 interpreter. Using a compiler has several advantages: • Unlike with assembly language, the syntax used with BASIC compilers is similar to BASIC-52. This means that you don’t have to learn a new programming language. In fact, you can usually use the BASIC-52 interpreter to test your code before you compile it. You can also use BASIC-52 for loading and debugging your compiled programs, as described in Chapter 13. • A compiled BASIC program will run faster than an interpreted BASIC-52 program. The speed increase depends on the program, but programs that run 20 to 50 percent faster are typical. • Because a compiler doesn’t limit you to the 8052-BASIC chip, you can develop programs for other members of the 8051 family. For example, Systronix’s BASIC compiler has optional language extensions for Dallas Semiconductor’s DS5000 8051-compatible microcontroller. A disadvantage to using a compiler rather than an interpreter is that you have the extra steps of compiling and uploading programs before you can run them. But because the BASIC-52 language is so similar to the compilers, you can do a lot of your testing with the interpreter, and use the compiled version for final testing only. There’s also the added expense of buying the compiler. But if you develop many different projects, or if you need many copies of a single project, the compiler can end up saving you money, since you can use 8032 chips instead of the more expensive 8052-BASICs. 246 The Microcontroller Idea Book
Finally, a compiled BASIC program usually requires more memory than an interpreted one, but you do gain 8 kilobytes of code memory because you no longer need the BASIC-52 interpreter. Programming Environments If you like the convenience of the BASIC-52 interpreter, but would like features that make it easier to write, edit, and store your programs, there are alternatives here as well. MDL Labs and MicroFuture are two sources for development environments, which are programs that typically include communications and program-editing abilities. Most run on IBM-compatible host computers. Figure 15-1 shows a typical screen. The environments include features like these: Related Products • Block editing, or the ability to move, delete, or copy blocks of text in one operation. • The ability to refer to subroutines by name, rather than by line number. Figure 15-1. MDL Labs’ Basikit includes communications and program-editing abilities. The Microcontroller Idea Book 247
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The Microcontroller Idea Book Circu
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Table of Contents Chapter 1 Microco
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Chapter 11 Control Circuits 185 Swi
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Introduction Introduction This book
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A chapter on assembly-language inte
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Microcontroller Basics 1 Microcontr
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But along with cheap, powerful, and
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makes sense. For simpler designs, a
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Microcontroller Basics Several tech
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Interpreters and compilers are two
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Inside the 8052-BASIC 2 Inside the
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Inside the 8052-BASIC • You can a
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hardware manuals. For programming,
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Inside the 8052-BASIC Figure 2-2 Pi
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Inside the 8052-BASIC Table 2-2. (p
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Inside the 8052-BASIC Code and data
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Powering Up 3 Powering Up This chap
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Powering Up Table 3-1. Parts list f
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Powering Up Figure 3-2. Truth table
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Powering Up Jumper J3 chooses the c
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Powering Up Figure 3-3. This is the
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Powering Up Construction Tips These
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Powering Up Serial Connectors Conne
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You’re now ready to power up the
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Powering Up PRINT XTAL Line Editing
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Powering Up PORT 1 Bit Values: Bit
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Powering Up Listing 3-3. Allows use
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10 CLOCK 1:TIME=0:SEC=0 20 A=0 30 P
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Saving Programs 4 Saving Programs I
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guaranteed for at least ten years.
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Saving Programs Figure 4-3. Circuit
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Jumper J4 is optional. It enables y
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memory on bootup. This is what allo
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This is the recommended algorithm f
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Saving Programs Figure 4-5. Additio
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problems with EPROMs that have a 10
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supply. The chip requires an additi
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Programming 5 Programming When you
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Subroutines have two advantages. Fi
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Programming • Hexadecimal numbers
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Programming It can be hard to find
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Programming Math Operators = + - *
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Programming expression / expression
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Programming DO: [program statements
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Programming LOG(expression) Returns
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Programming PH0.@ Same as PRINT@, b
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Programming RCAP2 Retrieves or assi
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Programming PRINT TAB(2) “hello
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Inputs and Outputs 6 Inputs and Out
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Unassigned space remains in the mem
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U11 is a 74HCT138 3-to-8-line decod
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If you wish, you can wire U14’s i
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Inputs and Outputs Figure 6-4. Outp
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Inputs and Outputs Listing 6-2. Set
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The 82C55 also has CMOS-compatible
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Inputs and Outputs Pin Symbol Input
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Inputs and Outputs An 8255 Interfac
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Inputs and Outputs XBY(0FC03h)=9BH
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To set or clear a different bit, de
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Switches and Keypads 7 Switches and
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Switches and Keypads Figure 7-2. Us
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exact value depending on the switch
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Switches and Keypads Figure 7-4. Tw
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Switches and Keypads Figure 7-6. A
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Switches and Keypads Custom Keypads
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Switches and Keypads • A single c
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Switches and Keypads Listing 7-3. T
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Displays 8 Displays In addition to
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Displays Figure 8-1. LED interfaces
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Displays Figure 8-2. Ways to connec
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Displays Figure 8-4. Four output po
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Displays Figure 8-5. The ICM7218D c
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In Figure 8-5’s circuit, an 82(C)
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Displays Figure 8-7. With the TC721
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Displays Figure 8-8. With a charact
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Table 8-1. LCD modules containing t
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Each character in the CG ROM and CG
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Displays Interfacing Full control o
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Displays Listing 8-4 (page 2 0f 2).
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Displays Listing 8-5. Displays key
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Displays Listing 8-6 (page 2 of 2).
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Using Sensors to Detect and Measure
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• What power supplies are availab
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different ground symbols for the tw
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10 REM use single-ended mode 20 REM
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Clocks and Calendars 10 Clocks and
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Listing 10-1. Uses BASIC-52’s rea
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Clocks and Calendars Figure 10-1. P
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Clocks and Calendars Table 10-1. Re
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If you want an alarm frequency othe
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Clocks and Calendars Listing 10-3 (
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Clocks and Calendars Listing 10-3 (
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Control Circuits 11 Control Circuit
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the LSTTL part, and wire the desire
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Control Circuits Listing 11-1. Cont
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Control Circuits Listing 11-2. Demo
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Control Circuits disables the outpu
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Page 209 and 210: Wireless Links 12 Wireless Links Wi
Page 211 and 212: Wireless Links Figure 12-2. This in
Page 213 and 214: Wireless Links Because there are th
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Page 217 and 218: through the LEDs. If you prefer an
Page 219 and 220: Wireless Links Figure 12-6. Using a
Page 221 and 222: Wireless Links Figure 12-7. Using a
Page 223 and 224: Wireless Links IREDs emit energy at
Page 225 and 226: In the infrared link, the amount of
Page 227 and 228: Calling Assembly-language Routines
Page 229 and 230: into memory in the 8052-BASIC syste
Page 231 and 232: 2048h in code memory. This is becau
Page 233 and 234: Binary value 1100 0101 Hex equivale
Page 235 and 236: Successful assembly is a good sign,
Page 237 and 238: statement must match the address in
Page 243 and 244: • BASIC-52’s ON EX1 instruction
Page 249 and 250: Running BASIC-52 from External Memo
Page 251 and 252: 14-1 for longer delays between writ
Page 253 and 254: In Figure 3-1, tie pin 31 of U2 (EA
Page 255: Related Products 15 Related Product
Page 259 and 260: Related Products Figure 15-3. Blue
Page 261 and 262: Sources Appendix A Sources This App
Page 263 and 264: Programming and Interfacing the 805
Page 265 and 266: Sources Product Vendors The followi
Page 267 and 268: Sources Electronics 123 17921 Rowla
Page 269 and 270: Sources Micro Future 40944 Cascado
Page 271 and 272: Sources Siemens Components 2191 Lau
Page 273 and 274: Programs for Loading Files Appendix
Page 275 and 276: Programs for Loading Files Listing
Page 281 and 282: Number Systems Appendix C Number Sy
Page 283 and 284: Number Systems This table shows the
Page 285 and 286: Index Index A ADC, 158 - 169 addres
Page 287 and 288: Index S sample and hold, 169 SBC, 3
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The Microcontroller Idea Book - Jan Axelson's Lakeview Research

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