Locomotive Emissions Monitoring Program - Railway Association of ...

3 2008 Locomotive Inventory
The active fleet (as defined in the Glossary of Terms) of diesel locomotives and DMUs in Canada in 2008 totalled
2,823. Locomotives assigned to line-haul freight train operations in 2008 totalled 2,193. Passenger train motive
power totalled 206 (197 locomotives and 9 DMUs) and Yard Switching and Work Train locomotives totalled 424. The
detailed inventory is shown in Appendix B. Only locomotives powered by diesel engines have been included in the
2008 inventory. Excluded were steam locomotives, non-powered slug units and EMUs as they do not contribute
diesel combustion emissions.
3.1
Locomotives Compliant with U.S. EPA Emissions Limits
The MOU indicates that the member railways of the RAC are encouraged to conform to all applicable emission standards,
including any updated U.S. EPA emissions standards respecting new and in-service locomotives manufactured
after 1972.
As reference, Table 5 shows the U.S. EPA compliance schedule in effect up to 2008 for the reduction of NOx
emissions according to the year a locomotive was freshly manufactured. Those now complying with Tier 2 limits will
have NOx emissions 59.3 per cent lower than locomotives manufactured prior to 2000. The NOx emissions intensity
for the Canadian fleet, therefore, is projected to decrease as the railways continue to introduce new locomotives,
plus voluntarily retrofit high-horsepower and medium-horsepower in-service locomotives to U.S. EPA Tier 0
when remanufactured.
Table 5
NOx Emissions Reduction Schedule for Line-haul Locomotives
U.S. EPA Compliance Level Years in effect NOx g/bhp-hr Per cent Reduction
Non-compliant Locomotives Pre- 2000 13.5
Tier 0 2000 - 2001 9.5 29.6
Tier 1 2002 - 2004 7.4 45.2
Tier 2 2005 - 2008 5.5 59.3
Photo: Courtesy of CN
11 LEM 2008